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A novel Pb x O y @SiO z /Carbon (PSC) composite has been synthesized and added with quantities between 0 wt% and 2 wt% to the negative active material of lead-acid batteries in this paper. Unique morphology of the obtained composite is detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), while the Pb x O y is coated by SiO 2 firstly and then the obtained spherical particles are wrapped by amorphous carbon as a whole. The electrochemical characterizations are performed using a three-electrode system, and results show that the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can be inhibited compared with sole carbon. Finally, 2.0 V single-cell lead-acid batteries are assembled with 0 wt%–2 wt% PSC additive in the negative active materials (NAM). Battery with 0.5 wt% PSC exhibit the most superior performance including the highest capacity as well as the best high-rate partial state-of-charge (HRPSoC) cycling performance due to the integrative actions, which are investigated in detail in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrochemical performance of the 18650 lithium-ion batteries consisting lithium-rich layered oxides 0.5Li 2 MnO 3 ·0.5LiMn 0.33 Ni 0.33 Co 0.33 O 2 cathode material and soft carbon anode is investigated in detail. The cathode is synthesized by a spray drying process and the properties are studied by various methods, while the soft carbon is commercial available. The assembled batteries can exhibit excellent cyclic performance with a capacity retention of 90.2% even after 600 cycles in the voltage ranges of 2.0-4.5 V (at 1C-rate). Moreover, they can also deliver excellent rate capabilities as the discharge capacity under 40C is nearly equal to 83.9% of that under 1C (voltage range is in 2.0-4.5 V). Furthermore, in order to evaluate the mechanism of the superior performance exhibited by the full cells, cells after 300 cycles are disassembled in a glove box to assess the changes on the active materials by using a series of technique methods, including a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), High-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Zn2V2O7 nanorods were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal route for the application in the Lithium ion batteries. The effects of the reacting time on the Zn2V2O7 nanorods as well as the corresponding electrochemical properties were investigated. Results show that the obtained sample under the optimum condition possesses high crystallinity; the width and the thickness are in the range of 40–60nm and 20–40nm, respectively. Based on the observations, a possible growth mechanism of Zn2V2O7 nanorods could be described as a reacting–exfoliating–splitting process. Besides, the Zn2V2O7 nanorods used as anode materials in rechargeable lithium-ion battery can exhibit a highly reversible discharge/charge capacity and excellent rate property at a current density as high as 0.1Ag−1. This might be attributed to the intrinsic characteristics of the layered structure of Zn2V2O7 nanorods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The gel electrolyte is a key factor affecting the performance of lead-acid batteries. Two conventional gelators, colloidal and fumed silica, are investigated. A novel gel electrolyte is prepared by mixing the gelators with sulphuric acid. The physical property testing demonstrates that the mixed gel electrolyte is more mobile, has a longer gelling time, greater stability and a better crosslinking structure than its counterparts as compared with any single gelling agent. The electrochemical properties indicate that the mixed gel electrolyte can suppress the oxygen evolution reaction, reduce the resistance to charge transfer at open circuit potential, increase the initial capacity, demonstrating that it is a promising gel electrolyte for lead acid batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]