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Objectives: The objectives of this paper is to conduct a bibliometric analysis to examine the research status and development trend of anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction in children and adolescents over the past 20 years. Design: Descriptive Research. Methods: This study obtained information regarding studies on Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Children and Adolescents from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Visual and bibliometric analysis were conducted using VOSviewer, Origin 2022, Pajek64 5.18and Excel 2019. These analytic tools facilitated the analysis of various aspects, including countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals and keywords related to the research. Results: From 2003 to 2023, a total of 1328 articles were retrieved in WOS, and 637 articles were selected by two authors. The most productive institutions are Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Kocher, ms. Their articles have the highest number of publications and citations. The American journal of sports medicine is the most frequently cited journal for articles on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in children and adolescents. The most common keywords used in these articles were "anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction", "injury, children, adolescent", and "skeletally immature patients". Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into the research focus of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in children and adolescents. In recent years, there has been significant attention paid to areas of "the return to sport, re-repture rate and functional recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction" in this specific population. These aspects have emerged as key directions for future research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article tackles one of the biggest problems with clinical trial reporting, the suppression of negative results. Christine Lane, an editor at the Annals of Internal Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania called the archiving of medical investigation results as phantom papers. The practice of having phantom papers would give an over-optimistic impression of the treatments studied, with consequences for peer reviewers, government regulators and maximizing patients.

Background: There is a shortage of published empirical studies conducted in acute inpatient stroke rehabilitation, though such studies are greatly needed in order to shed light on the most efficacious inpatient stroke rehabilitation interventions. The inherent challenges of inpatient research may dissuade researchers from undertaking this important work. Objective: This paper describes our institution's experience devising practical solutions to research barriers in this setting. Method: Through concentrated efforts to overcome research barriers, such as by cultivating collaborative relationships and capitalizing on unanticipated benefits, we successfully facilitated conduct of five simultaneous inpatient stroke studies. Results: Tangible benefits realized include increased effectiveness of research participant identification and enrollment, novel collaborative projects, innovative clinical care initiatives, and enhanced emotional and practical support for patients and their families. We provide recommendations based on lessons learned during our experience, and discuss benefits of this collaboration for our research participants, clinical staff, and the research team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As interest in comparative effectiveness research grows, questions have emerged regarding whether it is ever acceptable to alter informed consent requirements for research when patients are randomly assigned to widely-used therapies. This paper reports on interviews with Institutional Review Board members and researchers and on focus groups with patients from Geisinger and Johns Hopkins health systems. The objective was to elicit participants' views of the acceptability of four different disclosure and authorization models for low-risk pragmatic comparative effectiveness trials of widely-used therapies. Results suggest that although participants valued autonomous choice, many also believed that it was acceptable to streamline information disclosure and to use an opt-out process for eligible individuals who would prefer not to participate. This provides some preliminary evidence that relevant stakeholders find alternatives to traditional informed consent acceptable for low-risk pragmatic comparative effectiveness trials of widely-used therapies as long as a sufficient amount of choice is preserved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the developmental literature, there is an often unspoken tension between studies that aim to capture broad scale, fairly universal nomothetic traits, and studies that focus on mechanisms and trajectories that are idiographic and bounded to some extent by systematic individual differences. The suitability of these approaches varies as a function of the specific research interests at hand. Although the approaches are interdependent, they have often proceeded as parallel research traditions. The current review notes some of the historical and empirical bases for this divide and suggests that each tradition would benefit from incorporating both methodological approaches to iteratively examine universal (nomothetic) phenomena and the individual differences (idiographic) factors that lead to variation in development. This work may help isolate underlying causal mechanisms, better understand current functioning, and predict long‐term developmental consequences. In doing so, we also highlight empirical and structural issues that need to be addressed to support this integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports that Gerald Schatten, a stem cell researcher at the University of Pittsburgh's School of Medicine in Pennsylvania, announced on November 12, that he would no longer work with Woo-Suk Hwang, leader of the Seoul National University team that was the first to report deriving human embryonic stem (ES) cells from cloned embryos. Schatten had collaborated with Hwang since early 2004, and he was listed as a senior author on a second Science paper, published online 19 May 2005, that reported the first derivations of human ES cells carrying the genome of patients suffering from disease. Schatten accuses Hwang of misleading him about the source of oocytes for the 2004 paper in the periodical "Science." The team inserted a nucleus from a skin or other cell into an oocyte from which the DNA had been removed. Schatten, who was not an author of the 2004 paper, did not detail his charges, but questions had been raised earlier about the source of the oocytes. Schatten said in a November 12 statement that he had believed Hwang's explanation, but he now has doubts.

The article summarizes nine research papers which were published in medical journals. A study in Ontario has linked fewer incidents of self poisoning with the September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States. Data shows childhood abuse in poor urban families in Philadelphia. Research on bariatric surgery found that some patients have related problems such as ventral hernia. Authorship arrangements can be a problem for medical publishing. Other topics include β blockers, atypical antipsychotic drugs, Williams-Beuren syndrome, acute lung injury, and inhaled insulin.

Background: Honest broker services are essential for tissue- and data-based research. The honest broker provides a firewall between clinical and research activities. Clinical information is stripped of Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-denoted personal health identifiers. Research material may have linkage codes, precluding the identification of patients to researchers. The honest broker provides data derived from clinical and research sources. These data are for research use only, and there are rules in place that prohibit reidentification. Very rarely, the institutional review board (IRB) may allow recontact and develop a recontact plan with the honest broker. Certain databases are structured to serve a clinical and research function and incorporate 'real-time' updating of information. This complex process needs resolution of a variety of issues regarding the precise role of the HB and their interaction with data. There also is an obvious need for software solutions to make the task of deidentification easier.Methods: The University of Pittsburgh has implemented a novel, IRB-approved mechanism to address honest broker functions to meet the specimen and data needs of researchers. The Tissue Bank stores biologic specimens. The Cancer Registry culls data and annotating information as part of state- and federal-mandated functions and collects data on the clinical progression, treatment, and outcomes of cancer patients. The Cancer Registry also has additional IRB approval to collect data elements only for research purposes. The Clinical Outcomes Group is involved in patient safety and health services research. Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology provide critical treatment related information. Pathology and Oncology Informatics have designed software tools for querying availability of specimens, extracting data, and deidentifying specimens and annotating data for clinical and translational research. These entities partnered and submitted a joint IRB proposal to create an institutional honest broker facility. The employees of this conglomerate have honest broker agreements with the University of Pittsburgh and the Medical Center. This provides a large group of honest brokers, ensuring availability for projects without any conflict of interest.Results: The honest broker system has been an IRB-approved institutional entity at the University of Pittsburgh since 2003. The honest broker system currently includes 33 certified honest brokers encompassing the multiple partners of this system. The honest broker system has handled >1600 requests over the past 4 years with a 25% increase in volume each year.Conclusions: The current results indicate that the collaborative honest broker model described herein is robust and provides a highly functional solution to the specimen and data needs for critical clinical and translational research activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of this brief report about one small college's experience in providing personal counseling and psychotherapy to its students is on how the students used the services over their, generally, four years of matriculation. The 404 student users of counseling services from six classes of graduating students had an average number of sessions over their entire college career of 15.5 while the mean number of sessions was 9, and the mode, 1, and the range 1–126. The authors hope this report will serve as a call for more comprehensive surveys to include this new variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To examine the patterns and prevalence of concomitant alcohol and alcohol-interactive (AI) drug use in older people. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of survey and prescription claims data. Setting: The Pennsylvania Pharmaceutical Assistance Contract for the Elderly (PA-PACE) program, a state-funded program providing prescription benefits to older people with low to moderate incomes. Participants: A total of 83,321 PA-PACE cardholders (age range 65–106) who were using any prescription medications at the time of survey completion. Measurements: All AI drugs were identified using a database of medication warning labels obtained from First DataBank. Prescription drug claims were used to characterize AI drug exposure according to therapeutic class of prescription drug use. A mail survey of PA-PACE cardholders was used to examine alcohol use, as well as sociodemographic and health factors associated with concomitant use of alcohol and AI drugs. Results: Seventy-seven percent of all prescription drug users were exposed to AI medications, with significant variation in exposure and concomitant alcohol use according to therapeutic class. Overall, 19% of AI drug users reported concomitant alcohol use, compared with 26% of non-AI drug users ( P<.001). Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that certain groups of older people, including younger older people, men, and those with higher educational levels, were at greater risk for concomitant exposure to alcohol and AI drugs. Conclusion: Many older people use alcohol in combination with AI prescription drugs. Clinicians should warn every patient who is prescribed an AI drug about alcohol–drug interactions, especially those at high risk for concomitant exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a calendar of events in the field of clinical trials. 11th annual cost and contract management for clinical trials in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Oncology product development in London, England; International CMC conference on quality by design and international workshop on impurities and degradation products in Basel, Switzerland.

The article focuses on the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The institute is the oldest independent biomedical research organization in the U.S. It has strong ties with Japanese neuroscience since 1906, when Shinichi Hatai, neuropathologist, moved there as a staff member. The Institute got young Japanese trainees with the appointment of Hilary Koprowski as the Director of the Institute, in 1957. More than 50 Japanese scientists are engaged in biomedical research now.