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In the circles to which he belonged during his youth, Pedro Henríquez Ureña was one of the first to gather information regarding the American literary culture in the Spanish language and systematize it through modern methods. This work is inscribed with the marks of his situation in time and space: the climate of Spanish regenerationism, the idealist Hispanic theses developed by José Enrique Rodó in Ariel, and various formulations fed by the philosophical environment of spiritualism. In the measure in which Henríquez Ureña established the bases of his historiographical model on the notion of a Hispanic literary community, his writings surpassed the renewed and vindicative horizon of the regenerationist and Arielist theses in order to claim a utopian dimension. In this model the regenerationist thesis has a strategic importance in the Spanish Renaissance. Thanks to this process the Dominican writer contributed significantly to the design and accreditation of the idea of a Hispanic literary community. This article will explain this contribution in the field of intellectual history, especially with respect to the socially constructed identity of the intellectuals and the universes of concepts through those who regulate their behavior and intervene in the public sphere. [TRANSLATION]

In the first third of the 20th century the literary field was rearranged, in part around the controversial topic of money. The modernization of the publishing industry implicated as much a change in the concept of the editor as in the presence of the author in the negotiations of the book. The article studies the decisive protagonism in the editorial sector of some intellectuals that began from a few progressive approaches in an economic and cultural context of expansion. The capital investments brought about this rearrangement as much to the level of the publishing as the creation of the book. [TRANSLATION]

Vicente Blasco Ibáñez’s stay in Argentina (1909-1914) allows us to analyze aspects of Hispano-American relations at the beginning of the 20th century, and analyze more concretely the problem of the Spanish editorial industry in relation to its expansion in the American market. This is analyzed here according to Blasco, who as an object of study exhibits not only the figure of the European colonist but also of the mechanic of the editorial trade and of the best-selling author that he came to be. In this way, Blasco outlines a lucid view of the situation of the writer and the editor in modern society, but also currently: the extraordinary compendium that defines a policy of self-management as author-editor. [TRANSLATION]

This article presents a literary criticism for Latin American literature dealing with the theme of regionalism, such as "La vorágine," by José Eustacio Rivera, "Don Segundo Sombra," by Ricardo Güiraldes, and "Doña Bárbara," by Rómulo Gallegos. The author comments on the representation of Latin American indigenous groups in these works, particularly during the early 20th century. A comparative analysis of local literature and regional novels is also provided.

This article examines the issue of whether contemporary Latin American literature can continue to be considered national literature. Through a look at the panorama of publishing in Spain and Latin America, it reflects on the fragmentation of the markets and its effect on the genres and styles of contemporary authors, and posits the appearance of a more individualized literary occupation that is less subject to considerations of national or regional identity. The article discusses the works of a wide range of Latin American authors from generations appearing between 1990 and 2010, marking its discussion within the context of observations of Roger Bartra and Jesús Martín-Barbero regarding the nationalist criticism such as ideology and the breakdown of the role of the nation as a transcendent totality. It also takes note that, together with the pro-government nationalism promoted by national states, an autonomous and individualist tendency has existed among writers, fruit of the modern tradition, which brings them to look for their own space at the margins of bourgeois society. The post-national authors of this day and age, the article notes, are characterized not so much by the desire to expand national borders but rather to reject them. [TRANSLATION]

The article deals with the notion of accident from a wide point of view integrating philological, philosophical and historical data. The meaning of accident is analyzed according to the image of the world in the post-industrialized societies, from a set of theorical reflexions developed by Octavio Paz during the 60's; finally, there is a brief discussion about the possible connections between the notion of accident and the hispanic literacy production in the 20th century, specifically in the field of narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a review of the papers presented in the issue that revolve around the writing of 20th century Peruvian author José María Arguedas, and discusses the need to reread the works of Arguedas as the 21st century begins. The author asserts that the 21st century's trends of globalization and transculturation make Arguedas' work, which offers and preserves glimpses into often-marginalized Quechuan and Andean cultures, increasingly relevant to the study of contemporary Latin American literature.

El artículo presenta una crítica literaria de la novela "Amuleto" del autor chileno Roberto Bolaño y de su literatura en general, refiriendo a otras obras como "Los detectives salvajes" y "Nocturno de Chile." El tema de memoria es un punto de enfoque en el análisis en relación a los movimientos juveniles latinoamericanos de los años 60 y 70 y las dictaduras que los persiguieron.

This article studies how the Peruvian novelist Mario Vargas Llosa and, more generally, neoliberalism rearticulate the opposition between civilization and barbarism, and the vision of the world that underlies it. During a time in which many intellectuals have embraced a relativistic notion of culture that makes judgment problematic, neoliberals embrace this clear-cut value hierarchy with complete abandonment. In fact, one cannot but be surprised by the ease with which Vargas Llosa makes pronouncements based on the identification of individuals, groups, and political movements with either civilization or barbarism. However, the fact is that his reference to this dichotomy differs substantially from its nineteenth-century version and its colonial precedents. The implicitly racial hierarchization proposed by Domingo Faustino Sarmiento and other nineteenth-century thinkers has been replaced in Vargas Llosa's writings by one based on cultural and social values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the theory that violence, with particular attention to crimes against humanity, as experienced in Latin American literature is a response to the globalization of the literary market and the common associations of Latin America with revolution and rebellion. The connection in post-dictatorial Latin American literature between human rights and financial globalization is explored, with the suggestion that such violence in Latin American literature may give a false image of the region to international readers. Books and stories such as "El Desierto" by Chilean author Carlos Franz, "Abril Rojo" by Santiago Roncagliolo, and "La Muerte y la Brújula" by Jorge Luis Borges are discussed with respect to the global theme of human rights.

The article discusses the process of globalization of Latin American literature and the strong need of Latin American authors to create a geographic, ethnic and literary identity. The writers of the 1960s-1970s Latin American literary boom and after, into the 1990s, demonstrated awareness of self, expressed through autobiography or fiction. Literature began to focus on the exile of the narrator, which is cited as a representation of the author who cannot participate in the literary course of history. Modernization required self-representation, the author suggests, so as to leave a permanent legacy of one's contribution to Latin American narrative.

This article analyzes border-crossing as a significant topic in the work of Jorge Luis Borges, in the context of the recurrent presence of the antinomy “civilization and barbarism” in Argentinean literature. It also proposes a relationship between the treatment of border-crossings -both geographic and symbolic-, and Fernando Ortiz’s concept of transculturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The romantic outlook is the conceptual axis this paper is about. Its main aim is to specify the precepts of this notion starting from the foundations proposed by literary socio-criticism (George Lukács 1920, Lucien Goldman (1955, René Girard 1963), sociological studies (Norbert Elias 1982) and communication studies (Jesús Martín-Barbero 1998). In order to reach this objective we have considered the possibility of developing a unique definition without drawing sharp differences among the disciplines and their authors so that we may accurately realize which are the common contributions to the romantic attitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the history of artistic movement Surrealism in Latin America, with a focus on literary production. It is the author's view that contrary to the common opinion, surrealism did not take root in Latin America, and except for some texts of Mexican poet Octavio Paz, Latin American surrealist literature is rather scarce. Topics discussed include points of disagreement between surrealism and Latin American social conditions, magic realism, and nationalism in Latin American literature.

The article discusses the studies of the Peruvian literary avant-garde of the first half of the 20th century during the 1980s. The author presents an overview of the bibliography on Peruvian avant-gardism published in Peru during the 1980s. Particular focus is given to the book "El pez de oro" by Gamaliel Churata, published in 1957 and republished in 1987. The author also offers a brief analysis of the literary work of the Peruvian vanguard, along with a description of its main subjects, publication, and activities.

El artículo habla del tema de las escritoras contemporáneas en la escena literaria latinoamericana. Se habla del cambio que tuvo lugar alrededor de 1996 con la publicación de la antología "McOndo." Los editores latinoamericanos empezaron a darse cuenta de la falta de escritoras de cuentos urbanos en las páginas de las antologías. Por último, se menciona la necesidad de tener editores y editoras revolucionarios para romper la costumbre de dejar fuera lo menos conocido.