17,602 results
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2. WHO position paper on dengue vaccines--May 2024/Note de synthese: position de l'OMS sur les vaccines contre la dengue--mai 2024
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Biological products industry ,Vaccination ,Medical research ,Medicine, Experimental ,Dengue -- Development and progression ,Medical policy ,B cells ,Public health ,Government ,Health ,University of London. Imperial College of Science and Technology - Abstract
Introduction In accordance with its mandate to provide normative guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations [...]
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- 2024
3. Coadministration of Anti-Viral Monoclonal Antibodies With Routine Pediatric Vaccines and Implications for Nirsevimab Use: A White Paper.
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Esposito S, Abu-Raya B, Bonanni P, Cahn-Sellem F, Flanagan KL, Martinon Torres F, Mejias A, Nadel S, Safadi MAP, and Simon A
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- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized administration & dosage, Child, Humans, Immunization, Passive, Palivizumab administration & dosage, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines administration & dosage, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Palivizumab therapeutic use, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections prevention & control, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines immunology, Vaccination
- Abstract
Routine childhood vaccinations are key for the protection of children from a variety of serious and potentially fatal diseases. Current pediatric vaccine schedules mainly cover active vaccines. Active vaccination in infants is a highly effective approach against several infectious diseases; however, thus far, for some important viral pathogens, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), vaccine development and license by healthcare authorities have not been accomplished. Nirsevimab is a human-derived, highly potent monoclonal antibody (mAb) with an extended half-life for RSV prophylaxis in all infants. In this manuscript, we consider the potential implications for the introduction of an anti-viral mAb, such as nirsevimab, into the routine pediatric vaccine schedule, as well as considerations for coadministration. Specifically, we present evidence on the general mechanism of action of anti-viral mAbs and experience with palivizumab, the only approved mAb for the prevention of RSV infection in preterm infants, infants with chronic lung disease of prematurity and certain infants with hemodynamically significant heart disease. Palivizumab has been used for over two decades in infants who also receive routine vaccinations without any alerts concerning the safety and efficacy of coadministration. Immunization guidelines (Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunization, National Advisory Committee on Immunization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, American Academy of Pediatrics, The Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany) support coadministration of palivizumab with routine pediatric vaccines, noting that immunobiologics, such as palivizumab, do not interfere with the immune response to licensed live or inactivated active vaccines. Based on the mechanism of action of the new generation of anti-viral mAbs, such as nirsevimab, which is highly specific targeting viral antigenic sites, it is unlikely that it could interfere with the immune response to other vaccines. Taken together, we anticipate that nirsevimab could be concomitantly administered to infants with routine pediatric vaccines during the same clinic visit., Competing Interests: SE: Research support from GSK, Sanofi, and Vifor. Speaker’s fees from GSK, Janssen, Pfizer, Novartis, Sanofi Pasteur, and MSD in the past 3 years. BA is supported by the Canadian Health and Research Institute Vanier Canada scholarship. PB received grants for epidemiological and HTA research projects from GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer, Seqirus and Astra Zeneca, and fees for taking part in advisory boards on different vaccines from the same companies plus Janssen. FM has received honoraria from GSK, Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur, MSD, Seqirus, and Janssen for taking part in advisory boards and expert meetings, and for acting as speaker in congresses outside the scope of the submitted work. FM has also acted as principal investigator in RCTs of the above-mentioned companies as well as Ablynx, Regeneron, Roche, Abbot, Novavax, and Medimmune, with honoraria paid to his institution. FM research activities received support from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Proyecto de Investigación en Salud, Acción Estratégica en Salud): project ReSVinext ISCIII/PI16/01569/Cofinanciado FEDER and project Enterogen (ISCIII/PI19/01090). KF is a member of the Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI) but the views in this manuscript are her own and not necessarily those of ATAGI. KF has received honoraria as a member of the vaccine advisory boards for Seqiris and Sanofi Pasteur in the last 5 years. AM has received research grants from NIH, Janssen and Merck AND fees for participation in advisory boards from Janssen, Sanofi-Pasteur, Merck and Roche. MS reports research grants and personal fees for advisory boards from GSK, Pfizer, Sanofi-Pasteur, Janssen and Seqirus. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Esposito, Abu-Raya, Bonanni, Cahn-Sellem, Flanagan, Martinon Torres, Mejias, Nadel, Safadi and Simon.)
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- 2021
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4. Rubella vaccination: the updated WHO position paper from 2020.
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Leong WY
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- Antibodies, Viral, Humans, World Health Organization, Rubella prevention & control, Vaccination
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- 2020
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5. [HPV vaccination: not only female adolescents and not only prophylactic. Review and position paper of the Italian HPV Study Group (IHSG)].
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Origoni M, Cristoforoni P, Mariani L, Costa S, Preti M, Sandri MT, Preti EP, Ghelardi A, and Perino A
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- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Papillomavirus Infections complications, Papillomavirus Infections epidemiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms prevention & control, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms virology, Papillomavirus Infections prevention & control, Papillomavirus Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccination methods
- Abstract
HPV vaccination has been introduced in clinical practice in recent years and represents the most effective strategy of primary prevention of cervical carcinoma and of female genital preneoplastic conditions. One of the major issues of the subject is represented by vaccination coverage of the target population. Since its introduction, HPV vaccine efficacy has been progressively demonstrated also towards extragenital HPV-correlated conditions and in males too. Moreover, even subjects of older age groups or subjects who already had HPV infections have been demonstrated to received benefits from vaccination, due to improvements of their immunological response. Recently, vaccine efficacy has also been investigated in terms of adjuvant administration after treatments of preneoplastic or benign conditions of the female lower genital tract caused by HPVs; preliminary results indicate an interesting and promising field of application. On this basis, in this article an analysis of the state of the art has been performed, with specific regard to the Italian scenario and with the focus of future perspectives of implementation of the HPV vaccination policy. From the available evidences, the Italian HPV Study Group recommends the extension of systematic HPV vaccination to males too, to adult subjects and also after conservative treatment of genital HPV correlated conditions.
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- 2019
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6. Identifying and addressing barriers and opportunities for bovine respiratory disease complex vaccination: a consensus paper on practical recommendations for best practise vaccination
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Matt Yarnall, Federica Amovilli, Sébastien Assié, Jade Bokma, Matt Pugh, and Dirk Werling
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BRDC ,vaccination ,barriers ,opportunities ,systemic ,intranasal ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Many questions are raised, and challenges faced in the new era of (intranasal) bovine respiratory disease complex vaccination. An increase in vaccination rate is expected, due to its positive impact on cattle health, reduction of antimicrobial use and economic factors. However, engagement of farmers and veterinarians with regard to vaccination is often affected by limitations, resulting in the development of barriers to vaccination, but also opportunities to overcome these. The objective of the report is to provide practical recommendations and a consensus on best practises for BRDC vaccination, addressing barriers faced by veterinarians and farmers. The report combines an evidence review with expert opinions and includes discussions on different vaccination approaches, such as intranasal and systemic protocols. As result of the discussions, several barriers to BRDC vaccination were identified, including a lack of knowledge or visibility of the disease’s impact, the preference for blanket antibiotic use over vaccination, resistance to change, the need for visible success, uncertainty about the best time to vaccinate, and concerns about adverse reactions and vaccine efficacy in the presence of maternal antibodies. While these barriers seem substantial, they provide opportunities for the veterinary sector. Indeed, veterinarians are encouraged to use the argumentation presented, along with local case studies and diagnostic testing to highlight the impact of disease, while conducting calf health audits, ensuring expectations are managed to achieve visible success. Overall, this consensus paper aims to provide practical recommendations and support for veterinarians and farmers to overcome barriers and increase BRDC vaccination rates in cattle.
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- 2024
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7. Protocol Paper: Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Transmissibility in Communities After Cessation of Routine Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Immunization.
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Sarnquist C, Holubar M, García-García L, Ferreyra-Reyes L, Delgado-Sánchez G, Cruz-Hervert LP, Montero-Campos R, Altamirano J, Purington N, Boyle S, Modlin J, Ferreira-Guerrero E, Canizales-Quintero S, Díaz Ortega JL, Desai M, and Maldonado YA
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- Adult, Child, Preschool, Family Characteristics, Feces virology, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Mexico epidemiology, Poliomyelitis epidemiology, Poliomyelitis prevention & control, Poliomyelitis virology, Residence Characteristics, Serogroup, Virus Shedding, Poliomyelitis transmission, Poliovirus immunology, Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated administration & dosage, Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral administration & dosage, Vaccination
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Background: We aimed to elucidate household and community-level shedding and transmission of trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) in communities with inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) routine immunization after tOPV is administered during a national health week (NHW)., Methods: We conducted a 3-arm, randomized trial with data collected at baseline through 10 weeks post-NHW in households with at least 1 child <5 years old in 3 semi-rural communities in Orizaba, Mexico. Selected communities were geographically isolated but socio-demographically similar. Each community was assigned an oral polio vaccine (OPV) immunization rate: 10, 30, or 70% of participating households. From 2653 households in the 3 communities, ~150 households per community were selected, for 466 in total. Households were randomized as vaccinated or unvaccinated, with only 1 child under 5 in the vaccinated household receiving OPV during the February 2015 NHW. No other community members received OPV during this NHW. Stool samples were collected up to 10 weeks post-vaccination for all members of the 466 study households and were analyzed for the presence of OPV serotypes using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay., Results: We will report on the factors associated with, and incidence and duration of, household and community shedding and transmission of OPV. The secondary outcomes will characterize temporal and geospatial OPV serotype shedding patterns., Conclusions: The current global polio eradication plan relies on transitioning away from OPV to IPV. This study contributes to understanding patterns of OPV shedding and transmission dynamics in communities with primary IPV immunity, in order to optimize the reduction of OPV transmission.
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- 2018
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8. Background paper for the recommendation of HPV vaccination for boys in Germany.
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Takla A, Wiese-Posselt M, Harder T, Meerpohl JJ, Röbl-Mathieu M, Terhardt M, van der Sande M, Wichmann O, Zepp F, and Klug SJ
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- Decision Making, Germany, Humans, Male, Papillomavirus Vaccines therapeutic use, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Papillomavirus Infections prevention & control, Papillomavirus Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccination psychology
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- 2018
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9. Tetanus vaccines: WHO position paper, February 2017 - Recommendations.
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- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Immunization Programs, Immunization Schedule, Immunization, Secondary methods, Infant, Pregnancy, Tetanus immunology, Tetanus virology, World Health Organization, Health Policy, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Tetanus prevention & control, Tetanus Toxoid administration & dosage, Vaccination
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations on the use of tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccines excerpted from the WHO position paper on tetanus vaccines - February 2017, published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1]. This position paper replaces the May 2006 WHO position paper on tetanus vaccines (Tetanus vaccines: WHO position paper, 2006). The position paper summarizes the recent developments in the field of tetanus prevention and provides revised guidance on the optimal timing of recommended tetanus vaccine booster doses. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references including references to grading tables that assess the quality of the scientific evidence, and to the evidence-to-recommendation table. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. Recommendations on the use of TT-containing vaccines (TTCVs) were discussed by SAGE in October 2016; evidence presented at the meeting can be accessed at: http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2016/october/presentations_background_docs/en/., (Copyright © 2017 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2018
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10. Malaria vaccine: WHO position paper, January 2016 - Recommendations.
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- Humans, Immunization Schedule, Malaria, Falciparum immunology, Malaria, Falciparum parasitology, Pilot Projects, Plasmodium falciparum immunology, Plasmodium falciparum pathogenicity, Practice Guidelines as Topic, World Health Organization, Health Policy, Immunization Programs organization & administration, Malaria Vaccines administration & dosage, Malaria, Falciparum prevention & control, Vaccination methods, Vaccines, Synthetic administration & dosage
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations on the use of malaria vaccine excerpted from the WHO position paper on malaria vaccine published in the Weekly epidemiological Record in January 2016 [1]. The current document is the first WHO position paper on malaria vaccination and focuses primarily on the available evidence concerning the only malaria vaccine having received a positive regulation assessment from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) [2]. The position paper gives consideration to the epidemiological features of the disease and assesses the potential use of the vaccine for public health benefits. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references including references to grading tables that assess the quality of the scientific evidence, and to the evidence to recommendation table. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. This paper reflects the joint recommendation of the WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on immunization and the Malaria Policy Advisory Committee (MPAC). These recommendations were discussed by SAGE and MPAC at the October 2015 SAGE meeting. Evidence presented at the meeting can be accessed at http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/previous/en/index.html., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2018
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11. Cholera vaccine: WHO position paper, August 2017 - Recommendations.
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World Health Organization
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- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Cholera immunology, Humans, Immunization Programs legislation & jurisprudence, Immunization Schedule, Vaccination Coverage legislation & jurisprudence, Vaccination Coverage organization & administration, Vibrio cholerae immunology, Vibrio cholerae pathogenicity, World Health Organization, Cholera prevention & control, Cholera Vaccines administration & dosage, Health Policy, Immunization Programs organization & administration, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Vaccination
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations on the use of cholera vaccines excerpted from the Cholera vaccines: WHO position paper, August 2017, published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record (Cholera vaccine, 2017) [1]. This position paper replaces the 2010 WHO position paper on cholera vaccines (Cholera vaccine, 2010) [2]. It incorporates the most recent evidence on cholera vaccination and provides revised recommendations on the target populations for cholera immunization. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references including references to grading tables that assess the quality of the scientific evidence, and to the evidence-to-recommendation table. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. Recommendations on the use of cholera vaccines were discussed by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) in April 2017; evidence presented at these meetings can be accessed at: www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2017/April/presentations_background_docs/en/., (Copyright © 2017 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2018
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12. WHO position paper, Meningococcal A conjugate vaccine: Updated guidance, February 2015.
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World Health Organization
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- Child, Preschool, Humans, Immunization Programs legislation & jurisprudence, Immunization Schedule, Infant, Meningitis, Meningococcal immunology, Neisseria meningitidis immunology, Neisseria meningitidis pathogenicity, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Vaccination Coverage legislation & jurisprudence, Vaccines, Conjugate, World Health Organization, Health Policy, Immunization Programs organization & administration, Meningitis, Meningococcal prevention & control, Meningococcal Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccination, Vaccination Coverage organization & administration
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organization's (WHO) updated recommendations on the use of meningococcal vaccines excerpted from the WHO position paper on Meningococcal A conjugate vaccine: updated guidance, February 2015, published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1]. A position paper on meningococcal vaccines was published in 2011 and its recommendations remain valid [2]. This update adds to the previous recommendations specifically concerning routine immunization of infants and young children in the African meningitis belt with meningococcal A conjugate vaccine. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references including references to grading tables that assess the quality of the scientific evidence. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. Recommendations on the use of the Meningococcal A conjugate vaccine were discussed by SAGE in October 2014; evidence presented at these meetings can be accessed at: http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/october/presentations_background_docs/en/., (Copyright © 2017 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2018
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13. BCG vaccine: WHO position paper, February 2018 - Recommendations.
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World Health Organization
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- Adolescent, BCG Vaccine supply & distribution, Child, Child, Preschool, HIV Infections prevention & control, Health Policy, Humans, Immunization Schedule, Infant, Leprosy prevention & control, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Tuberculosis immunology, Vaccination Coverage organization & administration, Young Adult, BCG Vaccine administration & dosage, Immunization Programs organization & administration, Public Health legislation & jurisprudence, Tuberculosis prevention & control, Vaccination legislation & jurisprudence, World Health Organization organization & administration
- Abstract
This article presented the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations on the use of on Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine excerpted from the BCG vaccines: WHO position paper - February 2018 published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1]. This position paper replaces the 2004 WHO position paper on Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine [2] and the 2007 WHO revised BCG vaccination guidelines for infants at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection [3]. It incorporates recent developments in the tuberculosis (TB) field, provides revised guidance on the immunization of children infected with HIV, and re-emphasizes the importance of the birth dose. This position paper also includes recommendations for the prevention of leprosy. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references including references to grading tables that assess the quality of the scientific evidence, and to the evidence-to-recommendation tables. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. Recommendations on the use of cholera vaccines were discussed by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) in October 2017; evidence presented at these meetings can be accessed at: http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2017/october/presentations_background_docs/en/., (Copyright © 2018 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2018
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14. Beasley's 1981 paper: The power of a well-designed cohort study to drive liver cancer research and prevention.
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Koshiol J, Liu Z, O'Brien TR, and Hildesheim A
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- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular epidemiology, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular virology, Hepatitis B virology, Humans, Liver Neoplasms epidemiology, Liver Neoplasms virology, Taiwan epidemiology, Biomedical Research, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular prevention & control, Hepatitis B complications, Hepatitis B Vaccines administration & dosage, Hepatitis B virus isolation & purification, Liver Neoplasms prevention & control, Vaccination methods
- Abstract
The 1981 Lancet paper by Beasley et al., "Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus. A prospective study of 22707 men in Taiwan" is a seminal publication that clearly demonstrated that chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), as measured by seropositivity for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), preceded the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In doing so, this study paved the way for liver cancer prevention efforts through the implementation of hepatitis B vaccination programs. In this commentary, we will describe the discovery of HBV, which led to the study by Beasley et al.; summarize the major findings of the Beasley paper and its implications; discuss the importance of well-designed cohort studies for prevention activities; and consider the ramifications of the Beasley study and the work that has followed since., (Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
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- 2018
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15. Vaccination and allergy: EAACI position paper, practical aspects.
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Nilsson L, Brockow K, Alm J, Cardona V, Caubet JC, Gomes E, Jenmalm MC, Lau S, Netterlid E, Schwarze J, Sheikh A, Storsaeter J, Skevaki C, Terreehorst I, and Zanoni G
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- Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Hypersensitivity immunology, Infant, Vaccines immunology, Anaphylaxis immunology, Hypersensitivity etiology, Vaccination adverse effects, Vaccines adverse effects
- Abstract
Immunization is highly effective in preventing infectious diseases and therefore an indispensable public health measure. Allergic patients deserve access to the same publicly recommended immunizations as non-allergic patients unless risks associated with vaccination outweigh the gains. Whereas the number of reported possible allergic reactions to vaccines is high, confirmed vaccine-triggered allergic reactions are rare. Anaphylaxis following vaccination is rare, affecting <1/100 000, but can occur in any patient. Some patient groups, notably those with a previous allergic reaction to a vaccine or its components, are at heightened risk of allergic reaction and require special precautions. Allergic reactions, however, may occur in patients without known risk factors and cannot be predicted by currently available tools. Unwarranted fear and uncertainty can result in incomplete vaccination coverage for children and adults with or without allergy. In addition to concerns about an allergic reaction to the vaccine itself, there is fear that routine childhood immunization may promote the development of allergic sensitization and disease. Thus, although there is no evidence that routine childhood immunization increases the risk of allergy development, such risks need to be discussed., (© 2017 The Authors. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2017
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16. WHO position on the use of fractional doses - June 2017, addendum to vaccines and vaccination against yellow fever WHO: Position paper - June 2013.
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World Health Organization
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- Humans, World Health Organization, Vaccination standards, Viral Vaccines immunology, Yellow Fever immunology, Yellow Fever prevention & control, Yellow Fever Vaccine immunology, Yellow Fever Vaccine standards
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations on the use of fractional doses of yellow fever vaccines excerpted from the "Yellow fever vaccine: WHO position on the use of fractional doses - June 2017, Addendum to Vaccines and vaccination against yellow fever WHO: Position Paper - June 2013″, published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1,2]. This addendum to the 2013 position paper pertains specifically to use of fractional dose YF (fYF) vaccination (fractional dose yellow fever vaccination refers to administration of a reduced volume of vaccine dose, which has been reconstituted as usual per manufacturer recommendations) in the context of YF vaccine supply shortages beyond the capacity of the global stockpile. The current WHO position on the use of yellow fever (YF) vaccine is set out in the 2013 WHO position paper on vaccines and vaccination against YF and those recommendations are unchanged. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references including references to grading tables that assess the quality of the scientific evidence, and to the evidence-to-recommendation table. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. Recommendations on the use of Yellow Fever vaccines were discussed by SAGE in October 2016; evidence presented at these meetings can be accessed at: www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2016/October/presentations_background_docs/en/., (Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2017
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17. Human papillomavirus vaccines: WHO position paper (2022 update)/ Vaccins contre les papillomavirus humains: note de synthese de l'OMS (mise a jour de 2022)
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Vaccination ,Medical policy ,Papillomavirus infections ,Vaccines ,Government ,Health ,World Health Organization ,Cervarix (Vaccine) - Abstract
Introduction In accordance with its mandate to provide normative guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers (1) on vaccines and [...]
- Published
- 2022
18. Diphtheria vaccine: WHO position paper – August 2017.
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- Child, Child, Preschool, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Diphtheria diagnosis, Diphtheria epidemiology, Diphtheria transmission, Diphtheria Toxoid adverse effects, Diphtheria Toxoid immunology, Female, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Immunization, Secondary, Infant, Pregnancy, Diphtheria prevention & control, Diphtheria Toxoid administration & dosage, Guidelines as Topic standards, Vaccination standards, World Health Organization
- Published
- 2017
19. Vaccination prevents cognitive impairment after breakthrough infection with SARS-CoV-2.
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- Humans, Breakthrough Infections, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 immunology, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, Cognitive Dysfunction prevention & control, Cognitive Dysfunction immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, Vaccination
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- 2024
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20. Simple economics of vaccination: public policies and incentives.
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Villota-Miranda J and Rodríguez-Ibeas R
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- Humans, Public Policy, Game Theory, Immunity, Herd, Motivation, Vaccination economics
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This paper focuses on the economics of vaccination and, more specifically, analyzes the vaccination decision of individuals using a game-theoretic model combined with an epidemiological SIR model that reproduces the infection dynamics of a generic disease. We characterize the equilibrium individual vaccination rate, and we show that it is below the rate compatible with herd immunity due to the existence of externalities that individuals do not internalize when they decide on vaccination. In addition, we analyze three public policies consisting of informational campaigns to reduce the disutility of vaccination, monetary payments to vaccinated individuals and measures to increase the disutility of non-vaccination. If the public authority uses only one type of policy, herd immunity is not necessarily achieved unless monetary incentives are used. When the public authority is not limited to use only one policy, we find that the optimal public policy should consist only of informational campaigns if they are sufficiently effective, or a combination of informational campaigns and monetary incentives otherwise. Surprisingly, the requirement of vaccine passports or other restrictions on the non-vaccinated are not desirable., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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21. The Jezierski Papers: Live Polio Vaccine Development in Colobus Monkey Cells but Not Chimpanzee Cells in the Belgian Congo, 1952-1958
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Desmyter, Jan and Teuwen, Dirk E.
- Published
- 2001
22. Critics assail paper claiming harm from cancer vaccine.
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Normile D
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- Humans, Japan, Periodicals as Topic, Cancer Vaccines adverse effects, Papillomavirus Vaccines adverse effects, Vaccination statistics & numerical data
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- 2016
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23. WHO position paper on hepatitis A vaccines--October 2022/Note de synthese: position de l'OMS concernant les vaccins contre l'hepatite A--Octobre 2022
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Hepatitis A ,Biological products industry ,Medical research ,Medicine, Experimental ,Vaccination ,Medical policy ,Public health ,Hepatitis A vaccine ,Government ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
Introduction In accordance with its mandate to provide normative guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations [...]
- Published
- 2022
24. Polio vaccines: WHO position paper--June 2022/ Vaccins antipoliomyelitiques: note de synthese de l'OMS--juin 2022
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Neomycin ,Vaccination ,Medical policy ,Public health ,Vaccines ,Government ,Health - Abstract
Introduction In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of [...]
- Published
- 2022
25. Reducing pain at the time of vaccination: WHO position paper, September 2015-Recommendations.
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- Humans, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Public Health, World Health Organization, Pain prevention & control, Pain Management methods, Vaccination adverse effects
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations for pain mitigation at the time of vaccination from the WHO position paper on reducing pain at the time of vaccination: WHO position paper-September 2015, recently published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1]. This position paper summarizes the evidence and integrates information pertaining to the reduction of pain, distress and fear during immunization across all age groups. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact, and on vaccination-related policy questions particularly concerning the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes. They summarize essential background information and conclude with the current WHO position. This position paper addresses a cross-cutting issue which is relevant for all injectable vaccines and reflects the recommendations of WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on immunization. These recommendations were discussed by SAGE at its April 2015 meeting. The evidence presented at the meetings can be accessed at http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/previous/en/index.html., (Copyright © 2016 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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26. Pertussis vaccines: WHO position paper, August 2015--Recommendations.
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- Health Policy, Humans, Immunization Schedule, Immunization, Secondary, Population Surveillance, Immunization Programs organization & administration, Pertussis Vaccine administration & dosage, Vaccination standards, World Health Organization
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations for the use of vaccines against Bordetella pertussis from the WHO position paper on Pertussis vaccines: WHO position paper--August 2015, recently published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record (Pertussis vaccines: WHO position paper. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2015;90(August(35)):433-60). This position paper summarizes the most recent developments in the field of pertussis disease and its prevention by vaccination. It includes the WHO position on the choice of Pertussis vaccine as well as on the use of additional strategies, particularly vaccination during pregnancy, for prevention of early infant mortality. This document replaces the first WHO position paper on vaccines against disease caused by Pertussis published in 2010 (Pertussis vaccines: WHO position paper. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2010;85(October(40)):385-400) and incorporates the revised guidance on the choice of pertussis vaccines published in July 2014 (Pertussis vaccines: WHO position paper. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2014;89(July(30)):337-44). Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. This paper reflects the recommendations of WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on immunization. These recommendations were discussed by SAGE at its April 2014 and April 2015 meetings. The evidence presented at the meetings can be accessed at http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/previous/en/index.html., (Copyright © 2016 The World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Reducing pain at the time of vaccination: WHO position paper - September 2015.
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, National Health Programs, Pain etiology, Vaccination adverse effects, Guidelines as Topic standards, Pain prevention & control, Vaccination methods, Vaccines administration & dosage, World Health Organization
- Published
- 2015
28. Vaccines and vaccination against yellow fever: WHO Position Paper, June 2013--recommendations.
- Subjects
- Humans, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Vaccination adverse effects, World Health Organization, Yellow Fever Vaccine administration & dosage, Yellow Fever Vaccine adverse effects, Vaccination methods, Yellow Fever prevention & control, Yellow Fever Vaccine immunology
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organizations (WHO) evidence and recommendations for the use of yellow fever (YF) vaccination from "Vaccines and vaccination against yellow fever: WHO Position Paper - June 2013" published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record. This position paper summarizes the WHO position on the use of YF vaccination, in particular that a single dose of YF vaccine is sufficient to confer sustained life-long protective immunity against YF disease. A booster dose is not necessary. The current document replaces the position paper on the use of yellow fever vaccines and vaccination published in 2003. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. This paper reflects the recommendations of WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on immunization. These recommendations were discussed by SAGE at its April 2013 meeting. Evidence presented at the meeting can be accessed at http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/previous/en/index.html., (Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Measles Virus-Specific Antibody Levels in Sudanese Infants: A Prospective Study Using Filter-Paper Blood Samples
- Author
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Ibrahim, S. A., Abdallah, A., Saleh, E. A., and De Swart, R. L.
- Published
- 2006
30. Understanding the behavioural and social drivers of vaccine uptake WHO position paper--May 2022/Comprendre les facteurs comportementaux et sociaux de l'adoption des vaccins Note de synthese de l'OMS--mai 2022
- Subjects
SAGE Publications Inc. ,Biological products industry ,Vaccination ,Medical policy ,Book publishing ,Public health ,Vaccines ,Automobile drivers ,Government ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
Introduction In accordance with the WHO's mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, the organization regularly issues position papers on vaccination, particularly when they relate to [...]
- Published
- 2022
31. Vaccines against influenza: WHO position paper--May 2022
- Subjects
Vaccination ,Influenza vaccines ,Medical policy ,Influenza ,Public health ,Laninamivir ,Government ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines [...]
- Published
- 2022
32. Immunological factors linked to geographical variation in vaccine responses.
- Author
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van Dorst MMAR, Pyuza JJ, Nkurunungi G, Kullaya VI, Smits HH, Hogendoorn PCW, Wammes LJ, Everts B, Elliott AM, Jochems SP, and Yazdanbakhsh M
- Subjects
- Humans, Immunologic Factors, Vaccines, Attenuated, BCG Vaccine, Vaccination
- Abstract
Vaccination is one of medicine's greatest achievements; however, its full potential is hampered by considerable variation in efficacy across populations and geographical regions. For example, attenuated malaria vaccines in high-income countries confer almost 100% protection, whereas in low-income regions these same vaccines achieve only 20-50% protection. This trend is also observed for other vaccines, such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), rotavirus and yellow fever vaccines, in terms of either immunogenicity or efficacy. Multiple environmental factors affect vaccine responses, including pathogen exposure, microbiota composition and dietary nutrients. However, there has been variable success with interventions that target these individual factors, highlighting the need for a better understanding of their downstream immunological mechanisms to develop new ways of modulating vaccine responses. Here, we review the immunological factors that underlie geographical variation in vaccine responses. Through the identification of causal pathways that link environmental influences to vaccine responsiveness, it might become possible to devise modulatory compounds that can complement vaccines for better outcomes in regions where they are needed most., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Polio vaccines: WHO position paper, January 2014--recommendations.
- Subjects
- Humans, Immunization Schedule, Health Policy, Poliovirus Vaccines, Vaccination standards, World Health Organization
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organizations (WHO) evidence and recommendations for the use of polio vaccination from the WHO position paper on polio vaccines - January 2014 recently published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1]. This position paper summarizes the WHO position on the introduction of at least one dose of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) into routine immunization schedules as a strategy to mitigate the potential risk of re-emergence of type 2 polio following the withdrawal of Sabin type 2 strains from oral polio vaccine (OPV). The current document replaces the position paper on the use of polio vaccines published in 2010 [2]. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. This paper reflects the recommendations of WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on immunization. These recommendations were discussed by SAGE at its November 2013 meeting. Evidence presented at the meeting can be accessed at http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/previous/en/index.html., (Copyright © 2014 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Vaccination WHO position paper: July 2013-Recommendations.
- Subjects
- Global Health, Haemophilus Infections epidemiology, Haemophilus influenzae type b immunology, Health Policy, Humans, Immunization Programs, World Health Organization, Guidelines as Topic, Haemophilus Infections microbiology, Haemophilus Infections prevention & control, Haemophilus Vaccines administration & dosage, Haemophilus Vaccines immunology, Haemophilus influenzae type b isolation & purification, Vaccination methods
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organizations (WHO) evidence and recommendations for the use of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination from the WHO position paper on H. influenzae type b (Hib) Vaccination - July 2013 recently published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1]. This position paper summarizes the WHO position on the inclusion of Hib vaccines in all national immunization programmes, recent developments in the field and the potential of different Hib immunization schedules to further reduce morbidity and mortality. The current document replaces the position paper on the use of Hib vaccines published in 2006 [2]. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. This paper reflects the recommendations of WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on immunization. These recommendations were discussed by SAGE at its April 2013 meeting. Evidence presented at the meeting can be accessed at http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/previous/en/index.html., (Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Rotavirus vaccines WHO position paper: January 2013 - Recommendations.
- Subjects
- Global Health, Health Policy, Humans, Immunization Programs, Rotavirus Infections epidemiology, World Health Organization, Guidelines as Topic, Rotavirus Infections prevention & control, Rotavirus Vaccines administration & dosage, Rotavirus Vaccines immunology, Vaccination methods
- Abstract
This article presents the World Health Organizations (WHO) evidence and recommendations for the use of rotavirus vaccination from the WHO position paper on rotavirus vaccines - January 2013 recently published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1]. This position paper summarizes the WHO position on the inclusion of rotavirus vaccines in all national immunization programmes and recent developments in the field, in particular the potential of rotavirus vaccines to further reduce mortality by employing more flexible immunization schedules. The current document replaces the position paper on the use of rotavirus vaccines published in 2007 [2]. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. This paper reflects the recommendations of WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on immunization. These recommendations were discussed by SAGE at its April 2012 meeting. Evidence presented at the meeting can be accessed at http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/previous/en/index.html., (Copyright © 2013 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Background paper to the revised recommendation for hepatitis B vaccination of persons at particular risk and for hepatitis B postexposure prophylaxis in Germany.
- Author
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Harder T, Remschmidt C, Falkenhorst G, Zimmermann R, Hengel H, Ledig T, Oppermann H, Zeuzem S, and Wicker S
- Subjects
- Humans, Treatment Outcome, Evidence-Based Medicine, Hepatitis B prevention & control, Hepatitis B Vaccines standards, Hepatitis B Vaccines therapeutic use, Post-Exposure Prophylaxis standards, Vaccination standards
- Abstract
The German Standing Committee on Vaccination (Ständige Impfkommission, STIKO) recommends vaccinating risk groups against hepatitis B and gives advice for postexposure prophylaxis. STIKO has recently revised this recommendation, focusing on: (i) classification of risk groups, (ii) duration of protection after primary immunization, and (iii) anti-HBs threshold that defines successful hepatitis B vaccination. Orientating literature reviews were performed for the first objective. Examples of population subgroups at increased risk were identified and classified into three indication groups. Systematic reviews on the duration of vaccine-induced protection identified one randomized controlled trial (RCT) and nine cohort studies. When applying the grading of recommendation, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) methodology, evidence from RCTs was considered of very low quality regarding the question of whether hepatitis B can be prevented for 15 years after successful primary vaccination (anti-HBs ≥ 10 IU/l) with a vaccine efficacy of 96 % against chronic hepatitis, 89 % against HBsAg positivity, and 73 % against isolated anti-HBc positivity. However, seven cohort studies showed that no cases of clinical hepatitis B or HBsAg positivity occurred during a maximum follow-up period of 10 years in settings comparable to the situation in Germany when anti-HBs ≥ 10 IU/l was used to indicate vaccination success. Less than 1 % of vaccinated study participants had isolated anti-HBc positivity. GRADE assessment of two cohort studies revealed that evidence of very low quality exists that the use of anti-HBs ≥ 100 IU/l to measure vaccination success leads to a lower frequency of anti-HBc positivity during follow-up than the use of anti-HBs ≥ 10 IU/l. The recommendation was revised according to this evidence.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Background paper to the recommendation for the preferential use of live-attenuated influenza vaccine in children aged 2-6 years in Germany.
- Author
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Falkenhorst G, Harder T, Remschmidt C, Terhardt M, Zepp F, Ledig T, Wicker S, Keller-Stanislawski B, and Mertens T
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Germany epidemiology, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Vaccines, Attenuated standards, Vaccines, Attenuated therapeutic use, Evidence-Based Medicine, Influenza Vaccines administration & dosage, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Influenza, Human prevention & control, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Vaccination standards, Vaccination statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
The German Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) recommends seasonal influenza vaccination for children and adolescents with chronic medical conditions that put them at risk for severe influenza illness. In addition to trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (TIV), a trivalent live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) was licensed for children and adolescents aged 2-17 years in the European Union in 2011. Employing the methodology of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group, we examined the evidence for efficacy and safety of LAIV relative to TIV to guide STIKO's decision on whether LAIV should be preferentially recommended for at-risk children. In our meta-analysis of data from two randomized trials directly comparing LAIV and TIV in children aged ≤ 6 years, the protective efficacy of LAIV against laboratory-confirmed influenza was 53 % [95 % confidence interval (CI): 45-61 %] higher than that of TIV. A similar study in individuals aged 6-17 years showed a 32 % (95 % CI: 3-52 %) higher efficacy of LAIV. The quality of the evidence for a superior protective efficacy of LAIV against all relevant clinical outcomes was rated 'moderate' for children aged 2-6 years and 'low' for the age group 7-17 years. Regarding safety outcomes, the available data suggest no significant differences between LAIV and TIV. Based on these results, STIKO recommends that LAIV should be used preferentially for influenza vaccination of at-risk children aged 2-6 years. In children and adolescents aged 7-17 years, either LAIV or TIV may be used without specific preference. Possible contraindications and the vaccinee's and his/her guardians' preferences should be taken into account.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Adolescent consent for vaccination: a position paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine.
- Author
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English A, Ford CA, Kahn JA, Kharbanda EO, and Middleman AB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adolescent Health Services standards, Adult, Delivery of Health Care standards, Guideline Adherence, Humans, Minors, Societies, Medical, Adolescent Health Services legislation & jurisprudence, Delivery of Health Care legislation & jurisprudence, Parental Consent legislation & jurisprudence, Vaccination legislation & jurisprudence, Vaccines administration & dosage
- Abstract
Vaccines currently recommended for adolescents by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices have the potential to improve the health of youth by preventing conditions such as: tetanus, pertussis, meningococcal disease, influenza, and genital warts, as well as later adult outcomes such as cervical and other human papillomavirus-related cancers. Adolescent vaccine coverage lags behind that for younger age groups. A requirement to obtain parental consent for vaccination can present a significant barrier to improving adolescent vaccine uptake across all health care settings in which adolescents access care. The ability of minors to consent to vaccination can influence whether adolescents receive indicated vaccines during adolescent health care visits when parents are absent and when adolescents are seen for confidential services. State laws govern consent for the delivery of health care to minors. All states have some laws that allow minors to consent to health care based either on their status or on the services they are seeking. Some of these laws would allow them to consent to vaccination. It is the Position of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine that, within ethical and legal guidelines, it will be important to develop strategies that maximize opportunities for minors to receive vaccinations when parents are not physically present, including opportunities for them to give their own consent., (Copyright © 2013 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Practical handling of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines: A position paper from German and Austrian Allergy Societies AeDA, DGAKI, GPA and ÖGAI
- Author
-
Klimek, Ludger, Bergmann, Karl-Christian, Brehler, Randolf, Pfützner, Wolfgang, Zuberbier, Torsten, Hartmann, Karin, Jakob, Thilo, Novak, Natalija, Ring, Johannes, Merk, Hans, Hamelmann, Eckard, Ankermann, Tobias, Schmidt, Sebastian, Untersmayr, Eva, Hötzenecker, Wolfram, Jensen-Jarolim, Erika, Brockow, Knut, Mahler, Vera, and Worm, Margitta
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. [The role of vaccination in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Commentary to the paper of Górecka D. and Puścińska E.: prophylaxis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
- Author
-
Zielonka TM
- Subjects
- Humans, Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive etiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive prevention & control, Smoking adverse effects, Vaccination
- Published
- 2012
41. Industry-funded papers.
- Author
-
Maxwell D
- Subjects
- Humans, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, Family Practice standards, Herpes Zoster prevention & control, Herpes Zoster Vaccine administration & dosage, Physicians, Family, Vaccination standards
- Published
- 2011
42. Financing vaccines for adolescents: a position paper of the society for adolescent health and medicine.
- Author
-
Kharbanda EO, Lee GM, and Koenigs L
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Healthy People Programs economics, Humans, Insurance Coverage, Male, Societies, Medical, United States, Young Adult, Health Policy economics, Immunization Programs economics, Vaccination economics, Vaccines economics
- Abstract
An increasing number of vaccines are now recommended for adolescents. These vaccines may greatly improve the health of adolescents and their communities. However, adolescent vaccine coverage rates lag behind those for infants and behind goals set by Healthy People 2010 [1]. Financial constraints have been reported to be a significant obstacle to immunizing adolescents and young adults [2]. At the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine, we believe that to achieve increased vaccine coverage in this age group, financial barriers to immunization must be removed., (Copyright © 2011 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Rabies vaccines: WHO position paper--recommendations.
- Subjects
- Humans, Immunization, Secondary, Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, Rabies Vaccines standards, Vaccination standards, Health Policy, Rabies prevention & control, Rabies Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccination methods, World Health Organization
- Abstract
This article presents the WHO recommendations on the use of rabies vaccines excerpted from the recently published Rabies vaccines: WHO position paper. This document replaces the WHO position paper entitled Rabies vaccines WHO position paper published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record in December 2007. Footnotes to this paper provide a limited number of core references; their abstracts as well as a more comprehensive list of references may be found at http://www.who.int/immunization/documents/positionpapers/en/index.html. Grading tables which assess the quality of scientific evidence for key conclusions are also available through this link and are referenced in the position paper. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. This updated paper reflects the recent recommendations of WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunization, or SAGE., (Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Revised SHEA position paper: influenza vaccination of healthcare personnel.
- Author
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Talbot TR, Babcock H, Caplan AL, Cotton D, Maragakis LL, Poland GA, Septimus EJ, Tapper ML, and Weber DJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Immunization Programs, Health Personnel, Health Planning Guidelines, Influenza Vaccines administration & dosage, Influenza, Human prevention & control, Mandatory Programs, Vaccination standards
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Two adult vaccination survey papers.
- Author
-
Lazarsfeld R and Cavallario S
- Subjects
- Bias, Humans, Data Collection standards, Vaccination statistics & numerical data
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. An assessment of the quality of vaccination data produced through smart paper technology in The Gambia.
- Author
-
Sowe, Alieu and Gariboldi, Maria Isabella
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRONIC paper , *DATA quality , *MANAGEMENT information systems , *ELECTRONIC equipment - Abstract
MyChild Solution is an innovative Electronic Immunisation Register (EIR) reliant on Smart Paper Technology, thereby eliminating the need for electronic devices and internet connectivity at the point-of-care. The goal of this study is to characterise the quality of routine immunisation data generated using MyChild Solution compared to data obtained through the conventional health management information system (HMIS) used in The Gambia. We used the World Health Organization's (WHO) Data Quality Review (DQR) Toolkit to evaluate MyChild Solution's data quality in the 19 health facilities across two regions implementing MyChild Solution in The Gambia at the time of the evaluation. We evaluated all applicable data quality metrics as well as additional metrics of interest, including the incidence of recording errors, the incidence of incomplete indicator level data, and implausible dates. Where possible, we compared results to those of the conventional HMIS. Both MyChild Solution and the conventional HMIS produced 100% complete and timely data in their reference years. Both systems had no moderate or extreme outliers and showed the expected Penta 1 to Penta 3 dropout direction. However, the proportion of verification factors that are not acceptable was higher in the conventional HMIS. MyChild Solution was found to near perfectly (99.98%) digitise scanned documents. These and other data quality indicators evaluated demonstrate that MyChild Solution produces high quality data with high completeness, timeliness, and consistency compared to the conventional HMIS system. MyChild Solution produces high quality data as per the DQR Toolkit metrics and other metrics of interest of interest. The more internally consitent data produced through MyChild Solution compared to the conventional HMIS demonstrates its potential for supporting data-driven decision-making in immunisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Vaccination and immunity against parasites. Papers from the 8th European Multicolloquium of Parasitology. 10-14 September 2000. Poznan, Poland.
- Subjects
- Animals, Parasitic Diseases, Animal immunology, Parasitic Diseases, Animal prevention & control, Vaccination veterinary, Vaccines immunology
- Published
- 2001
48. [The blood protein picture in electrophoretic paper analysis in rabbits after several inoculations with a non-pathogenic fungus].
- Author
-
PIANTONI L and BOSELLI G
- Subjects
- Animals, Rabbits, Blood Proteins, Cryptococcosis, Electrophoresis, Paper, Fungi, Lagomorpha, Vaccination
- Published
- 1955
49. Postvaccinal immune response to regimens of Newcastle disease vaccination by filter paper sampling technique.
- Author
-
Roy P, Nachimuthu K, Koteeswaran A, Albert A, and Venugopalan AT
- Subjects
- Agglutination Tests methods, Agglutination Tests veterinary, Animals, Antibodies, Viral metabolism, Blood Specimen Collection methods, Blood Specimen Collection veterinary, Female, Immunization Schedule, India, Newcastle Disease immunology, Newcastle Disease prevention & control, Viral Vaccines administration & dosage, Viral Vaccines standards, Antibodies, Viral blood, Chickens, Newcastle Disease blood, Newcastle disease virus immunology, Vaccination veterinary, Viral Vaccines immunology
- Abstract
Seven hundred and ten blood samples were collected at random from commercial layers in Tamil Nadu on Whatman filter paper No. 1 instead of the conventional method of serum collection. The birds were subjected to different Newcastle disease (ND) vaccination schedules and samples were collected to study the vaccinal response to ND at field level. Eluates were obtained from sample areas of filter paper using Brij-35 solution [detergent] and subjected to the micro haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for ND antibodies. The HI titre ranged from less than 2(4) to 2(9). The possible causes of poor immune response to ND vaccinations are discussed.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. [A study on the papers and biographies of Edward Jenner from the standpoint of modern virology].
- Author
-
Kato S
- Subjects
- Historiography, History, 18th Century, History, 19th Century, Humans, United Kingdom, Smallpox history, Vaccination history
- Published
- 1996
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