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Removal of heavy metals becomes increasingly crucial for public health and the environment. In this regard, Bi2S3 nanoflowers were produced for heavy metal ion removal applications. Nanoflowers are fabricated using hydrothermal synthesis, and then tested as adsorbents for the removal of lead (Pb2+) ions from aqueous systems. To assess the morphological and chemical characteristics, Bi2S3 nanoflowers were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. Flame atomic adsorption spectroscopy (FAAS) was used in the assessment of heavy metal ion recovery. To determine the optimum conditions of the adsorption system, the effect of different parameters such as pH, eluent type and amount, adsorbent dose, adsorbent time, etc. were investigated. For lead removal, the optimum pH value was determined as 5.0, eluent dose and type were found 1 M HNO3. For 20 mL, the optimum adsorbent dose and time were found 50.0 mg, and 30 min, respectively. The adsorption capacity of the Bi2S3 nanoflowers was found to be quite higher than the results reported in similar works. It was illustrated that Bi2S3 nanoflowers have great potential to be used in water remediation applications as sorbent material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cr (III) is an essential element for maintaining glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism in mammals. Removal/recovery of such heavy metals is crucial. For this purpose, dendrimer-based novel magnetic nanoparticles to enrich Cr (III) were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods such as SEM-EDX, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, and VSM. The optimum parameters such as pH, eluent type-concentration, adsorbent amount, and time, which are important in the recovery of Cr (III) with solid magnetic-based nanoparticles (MNPs), were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. After the enrichment of Cr (III) with MNPs, the device's detection power enhancements were increased by 8653 ± 145 times. The optimum conditions obtained for Cr (III) ions with MNPs were successfully applied to water, honey, and hardaliye samples. Furthermore, the reusability results of the MNPs were determined to be approximately 99% for Cr (III) up to the 10th use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atomoxetine is a special pharmaceutics used for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It finds application in various age groups, including children, adolescents, and adults. Ultra high-performance liquid chromatographic technique (UHPLC) is an exceptional technique and provides swift, uncomplicated, and highly sensitive results. Such a technique has been formulated to analyse atomoxetine levels in both breast milk and human plasma. Magnetic micro solid phase extraction is simple, rapid, efficient, and precise method which was applied prior to chromatographic separation. In this method, magnetic adsorbents in the form of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were employed, and the adsorption process underwent optimization. Chromatographic separation was carried out using a reversed-phase C18 analytical column (5 µm × 4.6 mm × 150 mm) with a mobile phase composed of monobasic potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (pH=6.8) and acetonitrile (50:50 v/v). The flow rate was set at 0.8 mL/min, and investigation was performed using DAD at 215±2 nm. The method's linearity was evaluated within the range of 0.5-20 µg/mL, achieving a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.999. Validation of the method encompassed accuracy, reproducibility, precision, robustness, specificity, quantification limits, and detection limits, adhering to EMA guidelines. The limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 0.03, while the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.11 µg/mL for both matrices. Interday and intraday relative standard deviation (RSD) values were determined to be below 2.5% for both assays. The suggested method is deemed to be a useful candidate for the conventional quantification of atomoxetine in human spiked breast milk and plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy metal ions penetrate wastewater and clean water sources, leading to environmental pollution which adversely affecting human health. The determination and extraction of metal ions help to prevent unwanted effects on the environment and human health. Solid phase extraction method is used for the removal of heavy metal ions. Such method is rapid, reliable and affordable method which provide high recovery rate. For this purpose, cobalt(II/III) oxide@iron(II/III) oxide (Co3O4@Fe3O4) core–shell composite nanoflowers were fabricated via hydrothermal synthesis for the recovery of heavy metal ions (Pb2+ and Cd2+). X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) were used in the chemical and structural characterization of Co3O4@Fe3O4. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was used for the determination of total metal content. In our work, optimum conditions for heavy metal on recovery such as eluent concentration, eluent type, pH, adsorbent amount, solution volume, sonication duration, were studied. As a result of these studies, quantitative recovery of analyte ions was obtained at pH 7.5. Quantitative recovery of Pb2+ ions was observed with 20 mL 1 M HNO3 solution as eluent and 100 mg amount of adsorbent while, they were found for Cd2+ ion recovery with 5 mL 1 M HNO3 solution as eluent and 200 mg amount of adsorbent. The highest recovery rates were found to be 99.6% and 99.9% for Pb2+ and Cd2+ heavy metal ions, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ergene River contains many chemical substances and therefore, it has negative effects on the surrounding ecosystem and local people. To find a solution to these chemical substances and also to determine the adsorption performance of the activated carbon obtained from ripe black locust seed pods, the adsorption of various elements was studied on this activated carbon in Ergene River water sample. In Ergene River water sample, the adsorption performances of Mn, Cr, Ni, Co, Cd, V, Ti, Na, Mg, K, Ca, S, P, B, Pb, Cu, Zn, Sn, and Al on the activated carbon were studied under various operating conditions.For this aim, operating condition effects, such as adsorbent dosage, adsorption temperature, and contact time on these element adsorptions were investigated. 0.4 g activated carbon was found to be adequate for the above 90% removals of most elements from 50 mL Ergene River sample, and it was noticed that adsorption temperature differently affected adsorption performances of each element in the experiments at 25, 35, and 45°C. Also, the adsorption equilibriums of most elements in activated carbon/Ergene River solution were rapidly reached in first 5 min, but reaching adsorption equilibriums of Co, Sn, Mg, K, and Ca took more times (until 1500 min). Moreover, the desorption study of these elements from the activated carbon adsorbed with chemical substances in Ergene River sample was achieved by using HCl solutions with various concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 M. As a result, the activated carbon obtained from ripe black locust seed pods displayed promising performance for the most elements, bad odour, and colour removals in Ergene River sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our world, where the need for clean water is increasing, the importance of obtaining drinking and utility water by desalinating seawater is expanding. For this purpose, in this study, poly(vinyl alcohol)/(chitosan-g-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)) (PVA/CS-g-PNDMAAm) membranes were used for seawater desalination through pervaporation technology. Firstly, CS-g-PNDMAAm copolymers were synthesized and then characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Afterward, PVA/CS-g-PNDMAAm membranes were prepared, and their surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The effects of the pH, CS-g-PNDMAAm percentage and, working temperature on the salt rejection and flux were investigated by separating Na/water mixtures with the pervaporation technique. In removing Na from Marmara Seawater using the pervaporation technique, the maximum salt rejection was 99.94. At the same time, the flux was 993.52 g m-2 h-1 under optimum conditions (pH: 8, T: 25°C, CS-g-PNDMAAm percentage: 25%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: The aim of our study was to find out whether exercise of the pelvic muscles during vaginal delivery increases maternal and cord blood irisin levels. Methods: This prospective study included 20 patients who vaginally delivered their babies and 20 patients that underwent elective cesarean section. In the vaginal delivery group, delivery occured either spontaneously or by induction. In the other group, the patients were electively operated before uterine contractions started. We compared serum irisin levels of the two groups and cord blood irisin levels of the babies of these mothers. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in maternal serum irisin levels between the two groups (p > 0.05). We also found no statistically significant difference in cord blood irisin levels (p > 0.05). The positive correlation between maternal and cord blood irisin levels was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). We also detected a significant positive correlation between maternal irisin levels and BMI in our study (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Irisin is a challenging molecule. Although we did not find a significant difference in the irisin levels of women according to the method of delivery, we feel that further investigations are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study is aimed to evaluate the role of maternal mean platelet volume (MPV) levels for antenatal prediction marker of early onset neonatal sepsis in term infants born to mothers who have low infection risk., Material and Methods: A total of 62 pregnant women who gave birth in our hospital and whose neonates were admitted to a third level Neonatal Intensive Care Unit due to confirmed neonatal sepsis between January 2010 and May 2016 were selected as a study group. Within the same period, 68 women who gave birth to healthy neonates were enrolled as a control group. We compared maternal MPV values which were evaluated before delivery. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate the values maternal MPV in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis., Results: MPV levels were detected statistically higher in the study group than the control group (8.27 ± 1.85 vs. 8.98 ± 1.16) (p = 0.001)., Conclusion: The maternal serum MPV level is a clinically useful, non-invasive and reliable marker in antenatal prediction of EOS.