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The otolith organs located in the inner ear of the fish are responsible for vital activities such as balance and hearing. Abnormalities in these organs can adversely affect the vital activities of the fish species. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the abnormalities in the otoliths of Sarpa salpa, known as the hallucinogenic fish. For that, 372 individuals of S. salpa are collected from the North Aegean Sea. As a result of the abnormality analyses in S. salpa otoliths, anomalies were detected such as various prominence structures on the surface of the otolith caused by accumulation and a more transparent appearance due to the different crystal structures in some parts of the otolith. These abnormalities were found in the left and/or right otoliths of male and female individuals in different total lengths. The percentage of individuals with abnormal otoliths of S. salpa is calculated as 52.42%. It was determined that there are statistical differences between the left and right otolith measurements of male and female individuals with abnormal and normal otoliths(p < 0.05). There is no relationship between the percentage of individuals showing abnormality and total length and sex. The current study presents for the first time abnormal otolith information on left and right otoliths in male and female S. salpa. It is thought that abnormalities in hallucinogenic fish otoliths could be related to genetic predisposition as well as stress due to nutritional preference, pollutants, and environmental factors. Research Highlights: The presence of abnormalities in the otoliths of Sarpa salpa, a hallucinogenic fish, was revealed for the first time.Abnormalities in the otoliths of S. salpa were identified, such as the presence of various prominence structures on the otolith's surface, loss of parts as well as a more transparent appearance in the outlines or surface of the otolith.Normal and abnormal otoliths of female and male hallucinogenic fish from different size groups were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy.Abnormality detected in the otoliths of hallucinogenic fish is not related to the gender and size of the fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 2021-2022, a dense mucilage disaster occurred in the Sea of Marmara in Türkiye. Mucilage mostly covered coastal areas, which juvenile fish use for nurseries, growth, and protection. Due to Sand steenbras having been suggested as an environmental bioindicator species for Mediterranean coastal waters, this study attempts to reveal post-mucilage distribution and potential differences on the timing of hatching, daily age, growth, and mortality as revealed by the otolith microstructure. Individuals were sampled using beach seine nets from 12 equally spaced stations along the Sea of Marmara. Its presence and significant abundance in 10 out of 12 stations showed the Sand steenbras to be a common juvenile species for the Sea of Marmara. Hatching occurs between May- January, with peak hatching occurring in October. When considering that the mucilage had completely disappeared from the environment in August, the first set of hatching months can be seen to coincide with the dense mucilage. Thus, Sand steenbras can be considered as able to reproduce under these environmental conditions. The daily age of the Sand steenbras juveniles ranged between 38-235 days, with a mean of 120.3 ± 1.8 days. The daily growth and mortality rates were also calculated respectively as 0.226 mm/day and 4.11%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of thirty-one adult individuals and four embryos of Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810 were caught as bycatch with trammel nets by commercial fishermen in the southwestern Sea of Marmara, Türkiye. The length-weight relationships (LWRs), lengthlength relationships and some biological properties of the individuals were investigated. The LWRs for males, females, and all sexes were estimated as TW=0.0152TL3.0437, TW=0.0129TL3.1029 and TW=0.0124TL3.1122 (TW: Total weight, TL: Total length), respectively. The growth type was identified as isometric for males, females, and all sexes. According to morphometric measurements, only difference was between total length and disc length ratios of female and male individuals. The minimum, maximum and mean condition factors were estimated for adults as 1.493, 2.179 and 1.801±0.03, respectively. These results increase the knowledge on T. marmorata stocks distributed in the Sea of Marmara and expected to contribute for future studies on the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine early-life population parameters and hatch date of sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo Walbaum, 1792) juveniles using microstructure analyses of sagittal otoliths collected from the Sea of Marmara, Türkiye. Specimens were collected using an experimental beach seine at 12 stations from November 2021 to March 2022. The mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) was 1.1 individuals per haul, with 44.4% of the total D. puntazzo specimens collected at the Erdek Station. A negative allometric growth was calculated from the length-weight relationship equation (W=0.0178L2.698). The daily age ranged between 39 days-1 and 141 days-1, with a mean of 78.9 ± 2.29 days-1. The daily growth rate and mortality ratio were calculated as 0.213 mm/day and 4.38%, respectively. The hatching mainly occurred in September and October. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mediterranean sand smelt are intensively caught using gillnets by commercial fishermen. They are utilized for consumption purposes and also bait in line fishing to catch bluefish in the Canakkale Bosphorus, Istanbul Bosphorus and their surrounding areas. The technical characteristics of these gillnets were employed in South Marmara region over a 2-years period from 2014 to 2019 for catching A.hepsetus, and also modifications made to these nets during this time were identified. Chances in mesh size, twine thickness, color, floating size, height and length of gillnets occured from 2016-2017 to 2014-2015, while alterations in twine thickness, height, and length took place from 2018-2019 to 2016-2017. The impact of these modifications on the nets resulted in a 5.79 times increase in catch per unit in 2017-2018 compared to 2016-2017. The highest catch per unit effort (CPUE) was recorded between 06:00-08:59 hours (0.041 individuals/m2.operation-1) in 2016-2017, while observed the highest CPUE was between 09:00-11:59 hours (0.175 individuals/m2.operation-1) in 2017-2018. The sea-bird method yielded the highest CPUE (1.309 individuals/m2.operation-1), whereas the random method produced the lowest CPUE (0.082 individuals/m2.operation-1). The average length of A.hepsetus was calculated as 12.7±0.09 cm in 2016-2017 and 12.7±0.07 cm in 2017-2018, while the average weight was determined to be 12.6±0.21 grams and 13.1±0.17 grams, respectively. This study marks the first time definition of gillnets designed for catching Atherina hepsetus. It is of great importance for fisheries management and sustainable fisheries practices to identify effective gillnets for targeting specific species for the first time, and to assess their impact on catch efficiency, fishing methods, and catch time across different years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To understand the ecosystem health of the Sea of Marmara following the dense mucilage event in 2021, growth indicators (length-weight relationships and condition factors) of coastal fish species were investigated. For this purpose, individuals were sampled during experimental fishing trials with beach seine nets between November 2021 and March 2022 from the Sea of Marmara, Türkiye. A total of 32 fish species belonging to 19 families were obtained. A total of 12 juvenile and 20 small-sized adult coastal fish species were identified, and condition factors and length-weight relationships (LWRs) were calculated. The LWR results of this study reveal the first findings as Gasterosteus aculeatus for Mediterranean marine waters, as Umbrina cirrosa for Turkish waters, and as Pomatoschistus marmoratus and Pomatoschistus minutus for the Sea of Marmara. The b value of 17 species ranged between 2.586 and 3.566, all distributed within the expected range (2.5 and 3.5) for healthy stocks. In addition, the CF values were found slightly lower from the results of the previous studies. These differences may be a result of abnormal environmental conditions which cause mucilage to form and/or address varied life phases (juvenile/adult) of this study and compared previous studies. To better understand, multidisciplinary studies should be conducted that include case history as well as back-calculated predictions, as in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a scope, the study examines the discourse analysis within the scope of the S-400 air defense system agreement. Internet media was chosen as the source for the discourse analysis. Most visited internet news media broadcasting in Turkey-based sites have been identified and screened according to data from Alexa. In this context, the process in question was also divided into sections and analyzed accordingly. The processes; The signing of the S-400 air defense system contract, realization of system deliveries, Turkey's removal from the F-35 fighter jet program, the testing of S400 air defense system, Application of CAATSA sanctions to a NATO country includes improvements. Accordingly, the time section of the study starts on December 29, 2017 and ends by including the developments related to the event that took place on and after December 14, 2020. In this context, the discourses that were made later and shaped the process were also included. With discourse analysis, relations and developments between actors could be analyzed more clearly in the context of the crisis. There seems to be a deeper and more problematic area that affects relationships between actors. The S-400 crisis has led to a clear picture of the deterioration in bilateral relations. At the same time, it is possible to see the effects of the crisis of trust and mutual distrust throughout the whole process. As a result, the S-400 crisis has not only been a matter of military discussion, but has emerged as a military-political crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this investigation was to identify the presence of parasite infections and cystic formation in Scomber japonicus, Scomber scombrus, and Thunnus thynnus. Euryphorus brachypterus and Clavellisa scombri were identified from Thunnus thynnus and Scomber scombrus, respectively. Anisakis pegreffii was identified from Scomber japonicus and Scomber scombrus by using molecular methods. Additionally, Anisakis typical was determined from Scomber japonicus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dense mucilage event occurred between November 2020 and August 2021 in the Marmara Sea, Turkey. In this study, the aim was to understand the effect of mucilage on coastal fish biodiversity. For this purpose, juvenile and small-sized adult fish species were sampled with an experimental beach seine at 12 equally-spaced stations around the Marmara Sea between November 2021 and April 2022. In total, 34 species belonging to 19 families were sampled. Approximately 70% of the total fish abundance were Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810, Chelon auratus (Risso, 1810) and Chelon saliens (Risso, 1810). Highest abundance was detected from S5 (Marmara Ereğlisi) and S11 (Florya) comprising 17.3% and 14.2% of total abundance, respectively. Maximum species richness was found at S4 (Erdek) and S12 (Yalova Tigem), with 21 and 18 species, respectively. The highest biodiversity indexes were seen at S4, S8 (Karacabey floodplain area) and S12, whereas the lowest biodiversity index was found at S9 (Büyükçekmece). S4 and S8 should be monitored and protected by fisheries management authorities due to being nursery and protection areas for the Sea of Marmara. When the biomass and biodiversity of the coastal fish assemblages were compared with previous studies conducted before the mucilage event, it can be said that mucilage did not adversely affect recruitment success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thoracoscopy is a minimally invasive imaging method used in the imaging of the thoracic cavity. In comparison with thoracotomy, thoracoscopy provides better visualization of even the smallest lesions localized in the thoracic cavity. With the use of thoracoscopy, the operation stress in the patient and tissue trauma are reduced, and operating time is shortened. The aim of this study was to evaluate 20 dogs with severe pericardial effusion, which manifested as severe circulation disorder and respiratory distress. The patients determined with pericardial effusion as a result of radiographic and echocardiographic examinations were applied with partial pericardiectomy to achieve permanent health and it was decided to apply this with the minimally invasive thoracoscopic method. The paraxiphoid-transdiaphragmatic approach was applied to the first ten patients and the intercostal approach to the latter. Applicability of thoracoscopic partial pericardiectomy, advantages compared to open surgery, differences between two approach techniques, disadvantages, complications, and success rates were evaluated. It was concluded that this procedure was a successful procedure for dogs and the transdiaphragmatic approach was more useful. In conclusion, thoracoscopic partial pericardiectomy was determined to be easy to apply and more advantageous than open thoracotomy operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scavenger crustaceans Natatolana neglecta (Hansen, 1890) (Isopoda: Cirolanidae) and Scopelocheirus hopei (Costa in Hope, 1851) (Amphipoda: Scopelocheiridae), along with several other peracarid crustaceans, were recorded on demersal fish species in the Turkish Straits System. Samples were collected on (in) Raja clavata, Chelidonichthys lucerna, Trachurus sp., Scorpaena scrofa, Merluccius sp., Solea solea and Squalus acanthias captured by trammel nets at depth of 50 m on 26th January 2021. Natatolana neglecta, Scopelocheirus hopei and Nebalia abyssicola Ledoyer, 1997 are new for the fauna of the Turkish Straits System. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Maritime & Marine Sciences is the property of Ordu University, Fatsa Faculty of Marine Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kocatepe Veterinary Journal / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) is a very important freshwater commercial species in Turkey, but landings there decreased by 73 % from 2008 to 2019. There are knowledge gaps regarding the reproductive biology of the species and the selectivity of fishing gear types in Turkish lakes. This study aims to determine appropriate management measures for common carp fisheries based on gillnet and trammel net selectivity and reproductive characteristics of the species. A study was undertaken with local commercial fishers between June 2015 and December 2016 in Demirköprü Dam Lake in Western Turkey. The spawning season peaked in March, with a secondary spawning season suggested in October/November. Their length at 50 % maturity (Lm50) was 38.7 cm for females and 32 cm for males. Modal lengths for gillnets and trammel nets determined by SELECT method were larger than the minimum landing size (40 cm) and the Lm50 values. However, sub-minimum landing size individuals were captured at high rates by both types of nets with 65 mm mesh. Trammel nets had lower modal lengths and larger spread values than gillnets of the same mesh size. These results demonstrate that some management measures currently applied in carp fishery management are insufficient for stock sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) and Veterinary point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) are fast ultrasonographic diagnostic tools developed to discover pathologies in trauma patients in veterinary medicine and direct veterinarians to accurate treatment plans. Aside from detection, scoring and treatment protocol establishment in traumatic and nontraumatic hemoabdomen cases, AFAST (abdominal FAST) sonography is used effectively to define anaphylaxis, pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade and pleural effusion symptoms. This technique when implemented every 4 hours for 3 to 5 minutes assists in identification of patient prognosis and treatment protocols through focused imaging. With this review, we aimed to explain and deliver in detail indications for AFAST3 technique, know-how and clinical benefits for trauma patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common hereditary diseases in cats, with high prevalence in Persian and Persian-related cats. PKD is caused mainly by an inherited autosomal dominant (AD) mutation, and animals may be asymptomatic for years. We screened 16 cats from various breeds exhibiting a renal abnormality by ultrasound examination and genotyped them for the c.10063C>A transversion on exon 29 of the polycystin-1 (PKD1) gene, by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Among these cats, a Siamese nuclear family of 4 cats with ancestral hereditary renal failure were screened by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to determine novel variations in genes associated with both AD and autosomal recessive PKD in humans. During the study period, one cat died as a result of renal failure and was forwarded for autopsy. Additionally, we screened 294 cats asymptomatic for renal disease (Angora, Van, Persian, Siamese, Scottish Fold, Exotic Shorthair, British Shorthair, and mixed breeds) to determine the prevalence of the mutation in cats in Turkey. Ten of the symptomatic and 2 of the asymptomatic cats carried the heterozygous C → A transversion, indicating a prevalence of 62.5% and 0.68%, respectively. In the WGS analysis of 4 cats in the Siamese nuclear family, novel variations were determined in the fibrocystin gene (PKHD1), which was not compatible with dominant inheritance of PKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Security Studies / Güvenlik Calışmalari Dergisi is the property of Turkish National Police Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to evaluate lower urinary tract diseases of cats with plain radiography, ultrasonography and contrast cystography retrospectively and assess the most appropriate imaging method for each disease. In the study, 134 cats with different age, sex and breed were presented with one or more clinical signs of lower urinary tract diseases (LUTD). All cats were evaluated by radiography and ultrasonography, and contrast radiography had been performed on cats, in which plain radiography and ultrasonography were inadequate for diagnosing LUTD. LUTD included cystitis (n=20), urinary crystals (n=35), urinary crystals with cystitis (n=51), bladder calculi (n=6), bladder polyps (n=8), blood clots (n=9), bladder rupture (n=1) and idiopathic obstructions (n=4). The present study confirms that ultrasonography is an efficient imaging method for examination of lower urinary tract, but radiography and contrast cystography are still useful for diagnosing calculi, bladder ruptures, suspected urethral obstructions, and chronic cystitis which can not be evaluated by ultrasonography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to determine students' use of plural in speaking in an EFL context. To this end, 48 students' speaking exams, which were recorded during the oral exams in 2014-2015 academic year, were transcribed by the researchers and the students' use of plural was analyzed. It is important to note that not all the input was obtained from only one exam, but rather a progressive use of plural in English was analyzed with the data obtained from three different exams. As a result of the analysis, it was found that while students can use the plural appropriately with high-frequency words, they were found to use the singular form of an item in contexts where the plural form would be more appropriate. Considering the issue from a progressive perspective, it was found that this tendency did not persist in the long-run. While students from the ELT department were found to use plural appropriately, early level students were found to use plural "s" inappropriately. It was concluded that students' L1 (Turkish) and overgeneralization of rules in L2 might interfere with their use of plural in the early level, but the effect of L1 diminishes in the upper levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role, efficacy and safety of ultrasonographic and thoracoscopic method to determine the etiology of pleural effusion in dogs. It was compared to determine the consistency of the two methods. The present study was done on 8 dogs, with different breed, sex and age, suffering from respiratory problem sent for treatment to Ankara University radiodiagnostical unit from private clinics with veterinary faculty and identified pleural effusion by chest x-ray. It was concluded that thoracoscopy is non-invasive diagnostic method and plays a key role in diagnostic evaluation of pleural effusion. Both methods should be applied together for determine the etiology of pleural effusion in dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conflict resolution is the most fundamental matter that is all legal systems must carry out. People who have problems between themselves find solutions to their issues through the reconcilation, the mediation, the peace/sulh, the arbitration/consolidation and the court of law. In this paper mediation is pointed out as one of the methods of the conflict resolution. Concept analysis regarding to the meditaon is being made and also the comparision between "sulh/peace" and other conflict resolution methods are being done. In order to provide adequate ground for the mediation, the Quran and the prophet's practices are examined. Morever, the application of the mediation in the contemprary world is discussed. The procces of the mediation and the qualifications that are asked from the mediator are explained. The paper is ended at the conclusion part with the thoughts and the considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi is the property of University of Kafkas, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

İn the article named "Social Dimension of the Foundation in İslamic Law" first it was briefly focused on the position, basis and establishment of the foundation in İslamic Law then social dimension and benefits for the society were explained the community aimed to prevent poor and unemployed people from begging by the way of cooperating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]