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Copyright of Journal of Japanese Association for Human Auxology is the property of Japanese Association for Human Auxology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to clarify the motion characteristics of children who had greatly improved their sprint speed in the middle grades of elementary school over a one-year period. The sprint motions of 23 children (12 boys and 11 girls) in the third and fourth grades were filmed and compared by classifying them into 2 groups: a superior group, who improved their running speed relatively significantly, and an inferior group, who increased their running speed only slightly. The motions of children who had improved their sprinting speed significantly in one year were characterized by an increase in the swing-back angular velocity of the hip joint, the degree of knee joint extension during ground contact, and the angular velocity of the extension. In addition, the whole leg swing speed and the ankle joint angle at ground contact were found to be smaller. Except for the swing-back angular velocity of the hip joint, these motions differed from the rational motions clarified in previous biomechanics research. The findings of this study indicate that some middle-grade elementary school children improve their sprinting speed significantly over the course of a year, even if it is transformed into a motion that is at odds with the rational motion, or the motion to be aimed for, described in previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the larval development and damage characteristics of the rice moth Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on rice, larvae of C. cephalonica were reared on brown rice, polished rice, wash-free rice, rice bran, and rice powder at 25ºC, 55% relative humidity (RH), and a 16:8 light-dark cycle. The shortest larval developmental period was found on brown rice (51.2 days) while the longest was found on rice powder (171.5 days). There were no significant differences in developmental periods among polished rice, wash-free rice, and rice bran. The emergence rate was exceptionally low on rice powder (53.3%) compared to other diets (over 80%). The examination of each kernel of brown rice after emergence showed that this species selectively damages rice germ, with a secondary preference for rice bran. These results suggest that dietary rice germ and rice bran are relatively suitable for the larval development of the rice moth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness & Sports Medicine / Tairyoku kagak is the property of Japanese Society of Physical Fitness & Sports Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)