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In this research, the pure titanium foil was treated in glycerol base electrolyte with 0.7 wt.% NH4F and a small amount of H2O at 17 V for 2 hours by electrochemical anodization process in order to prepare Titania nanotube arrays at room temperature (~25 ºC), different water content was added to the electrolyte as a tube enhancing agent. The high density uniform arrays are prepared by using organized and well aligned these tubes. The average size of tube diameter, ranging from 57 to 92 nm which found it increases with increasing water content, and the length of the tube ranging from 2.76 to 4.12 μm, also found to increase with increasing water content and ranging in size of wall thickness from 23 to 35 nm. A possible growth mechanism is presented. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to study the structure and morphology of the Titania films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An automatic artifact extraction system is proposed based on a hybridization of Stone's BSS and genetic algorithm. This hybridization is called evolutionary Stone's BSS algorithm (ESBSS). Original Stone's BSS used short- and long-term half-life parameters as constant values, and the changes in these parameters will be affecting directly the separated signals; also there is no way to determine the best parameters. The genetic algorithmis a suitable technique to overcome this problem by finding randomly the optimum half-life parameters in Stone's BSS. The proposed system is used to extract automatically the common artifacts such as ocular and heart beat artifacts from EEG mixtures without prejudice to the data; also there is no notch filter used in the proposed system in order not to lose any useful information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]