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Copyright of Compendium of Veterinary Sciences / Compendio de Ciencias Veterinarias is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asuncion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Epignathus is a rare tumour that involves the oropharynx and is usually associated with airway obstruction that can lead to neonatal death. Autopsy findings confirmed prenatal diagnosis of an oral tumour originated from hard palate without bone or cartilaginous infiltration. Detailed anatomic ultrasound was performed at 23 weeks and 5 days GA, identifying a giant tumour involving face and neck which measured 117 × 94 × 87 mm with high vascularisation on colour Doppler examination. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives To evaluate the expression and localization of MUC1/ SEC and MUC1/Y isoforms in labial salivary glands ( LSG) from Sjögren's syndrome patients ( SS patients), as well as their in vitro expression induced by cytokines. Subjects and methods Labial salivary gland from 27 primary SS patients and 22 non-SS sicca subjects were studied. Relative MUC1/SEC and MUC1/Y m RNA levels were determined by q PCR and protein levels by Western blotting. Induction of mucin mRNAs was assayed in vitro. Immunohistochemistry was used for localization. Results Relative MUC1/SEC and MUC1/Y mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in LSG from SS patients. These mRNAs were induced by cytokines. MUC1/SEC and MUC1/Y were detected in acini apical region of control LSGs, and significant cytoplasmic accumulation was observed in acini of SS patients. MUC1/Y localized in acinar nuclei and cytoplasm of inflammatory cells of LSG from SS patients. A strong positive correlation was observed between cellular MUC1/SEC levels and glandular function determined by scintigraphy. Conclusions We show for the first time that MUC1/ SEC and MUC1/Y are expressed in LSG of both SS patients and non- SS sicca subjects. The observed overexpression and aberrant localization of MUC1/ SEC and MUC1/Y and their induction by pro-inflammatory cytokines may favor the perpetuation of the inflammatory environment that disrupts the salivary glandular homeostasis in SS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results A total of 26 patients with diagnosis of Ebstein's anomaly or Tricuspid valve dysplasia were included in our study. Ebstein's anomaly and tricuspid valve dysplasia are rare cardiac malformations associated with high mortality. [Extracted from the article]

Abstract: Ocean policies around the world increasingly emphasize the importance of maintaining resilient ocean ecosystems, communities, and economies. To maintain and restore the resilience of healthy marine ecosystems in practice, specific management objectives with metrics and a policy framework for how to apply them will be needed. Here we present a concept for doing this, based on evidence that marine ecosystems transition from desirable to less desirable states in response to a number of physical, chemical, and biological drivers. More empirical and synthesis research will be necessary to develop quantitative metrics of resilience and thresholds between ecosystem states for specific ecosystems; however, suggestions are provided here for how to manage for resilience when insufficient data and knowledge are available for quantification. A summary of thresholds for biotic and abiotic drivers of ecosystem state drawn from the literature is also provided as a guide to management. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

OBJECTIVE: Disorganization of acinar cell apical microvilli and the presence of stromal collagen in the acinar lumen suggest that the labial salivary gland (LSG) barrier function is impaired in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Tight junctions define cell polarity and regulate the paracellular flow of ions and water, crucial functions of acinar cells. This study was undertaken to evaluate the expression and localization of tight junction proteins in LSGs from patients with SS and to determine in vitro the effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) on tight junction integrity of isolated acini from control subjects. METHODS: Twenty-two patients and 15 controls were studied. The messenger RNA and protein levels of tight junction components (claudin-1, claudin-3, claudin-4, occludin, and ZO-1) were determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Tight junction protein localization was determined by immunohistochemistry. Tight junction ultrastructure was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Isolated acini from control subjects were treated with TNFalpha and IFNgamma. RESULTS: Significant differences in tight junction protein levels were detected in patients with SS. ZO-1 and occludin were strongly down-regulated, while claudin-1 and claudin-4 were overexpressed. Tight junction proteins localized exclusively to apical domains in acini and ducts of LSGs from controls. In SS patients, the ZO-1 and occludin the apical domain presence of decreased, while claudin-3 and claudin-4 was redistributed to the basolateral plasma membrane. Exposure of isolated control acini to TNFalpha and IFNgamma reproduced these alterations in vitro. Ultrastructural analysis associated tight junction disorganization with the presence of endocytic vesicles containing electron-dense material that may represent tight junction components. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that local cytokine production in LSGs from SS patients may contribute to the secretory gland dysfunction observed in SS patients by altering tight junction integrity of epithelial cells, thereby decreasing the quality and quantity of saliva. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate remodeling of the basal lamina of labial salivary glands (LSGs) from patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) by analyzing the expression of specific components that participate in its assembly and attachment to acinar and ductal cells. METHODS: Two groups of SS patients with similar levels of remnant glandular tissue but with low and high levels of interacinar fibrosis, respectively, were studied. The expression of laminin alpha1, alpha4, and gamma2 chains and nidogens was examined at the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Nidogens 1 and 2 were also studied in situ by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Increases in the amount of mRNA and protein for both the processed and unprocessed laminin gamma2-chain were more pronounced in patients with low interacinar fibrosis. Increases in the protein levels of laminin alpha1 and alpha4 chains were observed in patients with low interacinar fibrosis, but not in those with high interacinar fibrosis. Nidogen mRNA and protein levels were similar in SS patients and controls. Interestingly, high levels of nidogen degradation were observed in patients with low interacinar fibrosis. Nidogens were readily detected by immunofluorescence in the basal lamina of the capillaries and stroma in SS patients, but were less apparent in the basal lamina of the acini and ducts. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the basal lamina of LSGs from patients with SS is undergoing active remodeling, such that alterations are less evident in patients who have advanced morphologic signs of the disease (high interacinar fibrosis). Nidogen proteolysis might account for the disorganization of the basal lamina that is typically observed in LSGs from SS patients, assuming that cleavage impairs their ability to crosslink type IV collagen and laminin networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Previous findings in labial salivary glands (LSGs) from patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) suggest that increased activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and MMP-3 trigger the destruction of acinar structures in these glands. Tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) tightly control MMP activity, and TIMP expression is an important modulator of effects attributed to MMPs. This study was undertaken to investigate the correlation between the balance of MMPs/TIMPs in the LSGs of SS patients and the degree of inflammatory infiltration and acinar structure integrity. METHODS: Three groups of SS patients classified according to focus score and residual tissue were studied. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 was examined at the messenger RNA and protein levels. The ratio of MMP/TIMP expression (R value) was calculated. Focus score and acinar structure were evaluated by histologic analysis. RESULTS: In SS patients the MMP-3/TIMP-1 ratio was higher than 1 and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio was much higher than 1 whereas the MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio nearly equaled 1, suggesting elevated proteolytic activity due mainly to MMP-9. R values were independent of the focus score of inflammatory cells, but correlated well with the dramatic changes observed in morphologic integrity of acini, as revealed mainly by the lack of nuclear polarity. Acinar changes were more evident when R values for both MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-3/TIMP-1 were higher. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that an altered balance between MMPs and their inhibitors is associated with acinar damage. Since salivary gland acinar cells express both MMPs and TIMPs, these cells may play an important role in extracellular matrix destruction and in the LSG pathophysiology in SS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo ofrece una aportación a la historia de las asociaciones femeninas en España, aún por escribir. Partiendo de abundante documentación y de un análisis riguroso de los datos, propone una nueva valoración de los inicios de dos asociaciones sufragistas fundamentales del siglo XX: la Asociación Nacional de Mujeres Españolas (ANME) y la Unión de las Mujeres de España (UME). Se analizan y comparan sus programas, sus actuaciones y propuestas, su composición y la orientación de sus dirigentes. Asociaciones plurales y heterogéneas, su ideario y sus actividades no mostraban grandes diferencias, a pesar de la hostilidad que se profesaron. Su lucha por la hegemonía en el feminismo español y por la representatividad ante las organizaciones internacionales no puede explicarse por una cuestionable adscripción ideológica a la derecha, el centro o la izquierda. Como expresión del feminismo liberal, sus caminos discurren paralelos, con más puntos de coincidencia que de divergencia.

Determinations were made of total soil organic matter (SOM), stable and labile organic fractions, biomass carbon (C), and chemical composition of several humus‐soil‐fractions in Chilean volcanic soils, Andosols and Ultisols. Their physico‐chemical properties and humification degree at different stages in edaphic evolution were also assessed. In addition, organic matter models were obtained by chemical and biological syntheses and the structures and properties of natural and synthetic humic materials were compared with SOM. Results indicate that Andosols have higher SOM levels than Ultisols, but the fraction distribution in the latter suggests a shift of the more stable fractions to the more labile ones. Moreover, contents of humines, and humic and fulvic acids suggest that Chilean volcanic soil SOM is highly humified. On the other hand, among the SOM labile fractions, carbohydrate and biomass are about 15% of the SOM which are one of the most important fractions in soil fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

OP15.11: Perinatal outcome and survival at one year of age of fetus with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS): experience of 10 years in Chile 2008-2018 Determine the perinatal outcome and the survival at one year of age of fetuses diagnosed with HLHS in a national reference Center in Chile during a period of 10 years. The total number of patients controlled with congenital heart disease in CERPO was 1.053 patients, of these 106(10%) had a diagnosis of HLHS. [Extracted from the article]

The aim of this study is to describe the prenatal diagnosis and perinatal outcomes in fetuses with agenesis of the ductus venosus (ADV) and to perform a systematic review of literature. As for perinatal results, of 36 patients 9 died; 30 had some anomaly (aneuploidy or major abnormality associated), and 6 were healthy. [Extracted from the article]

The aim of this study is to describe the clinical behaviour of pregnancies with prenatal diagnosis of Vein of Galen aneurysm (VGA), and perform systematic review of literature. To identify prognostic factors is relevant to manage and counseling patients with prenatal diagnosis of VGA. [Extracted from the article]

An abstract of the article "Survival at one year of age of fetuses diagnosed with lethal congenital malformations: experience of 12 years in a reference centre in Chile" by D. P. Cisternas and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the article "Fetal cardiac tumours, diagnosis and prognosis," by H. Muñoz and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the article "Case report: fetal cardiac aneurysm," by H. Muñoz and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the article "Fetal PR interval in pregnant women with positive anti SSA/Ro and anti SSA/La antibodies, and risk of developing fetal heart block," by A. Pons and colleagues is presented.