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Background: Out-of-pocket (OOP) payment is one of many countries' main financing options for health care. High OOP payments push them into financial catastrophe and the resultant impoverishment. The infrastructure, society, culture, economic condition, political structure, and every element of the physical and social environment influence the intensity of financial catastrophes in health expenditure. Hence, the incidence of Catastrophic Health Expenditure (CHE) must be studied more intensively, specifically from regional aspects. This systematic review aims to make a socio-ecological synthesis of the predictors of CHE. Method: We retrieved data from Scopus and Web of Science. This review followed PRISMA guidelines. The interest outcomes of the included literature were the incidence and the determinants of CHE. This review analyzed the predictors in light of the socio-ecological model. Results: Out of 1436 screened documents, fifty-one met the inclusion criteria. The selected studies were quantitative. The studies analyzed the socioeconomic determinants from the demand side, primarily focused on general health care, while few were disease-specific and focused on utilized care. The included studies analyzed the interpersonal, relational, and institutional predictors more intensively. In contrast, the community and policy-level predictors are scarce. Moreover, neither of the studies analyzed the supply-side predictors. Each CHE incidence has different reasons and different outcomes. We must go with those case-specific studies. Without the supply-side response, it is difficult to find any effective solution to combat CHE. Conclusion: Financial protection against CHE is one of the targets of sustainable development goal 3 and a tool to achieve universal health coverage. Each country has to formulate its policy and enact laws that consider its requirements to preserve health rights. That is why the community and policy-level predictors must be studied more intensively. Proper screening of the cause of CHE, especially from the perspective of the health care provider's perspective is required to identify the individual, organizational, community, and policy-level barriers in healthcare delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to understand the level of residential satisfaction of the host communities' aftermath of the influx of Rohingya in Bangladesh. A total of 151 household heads were randomly interviewed from Ukhiya and Ramu Upazila of Cox's Bazar district, Bangladesh. A residential satisfaction index is developed with a total of twenty-two variables comprised of four components- social environment (SE), neighbourhood environment (NE), public services and facilities (PS&F), and dwelling units (DU). The coefficients of the components indicate that the PS&F, SE, and NE impact much on the overall residential satisfaction compare to the DU. The analysis demonstrates that the people who have tertiary level education, who is Muslim and whose work opportunities remain the same as before, are more satisfied, but older people are less satisfied than younger. Besides, the degradation of social harmony, livestock and agricultural land losses, and decreased wages were the significant causes of dissatisfaction. These findings may contribute to taking appropriate policies and programs for the host communities taken by the government and non-government organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the well-being effect of international migration and remittance on human and gender development in selected South Asian countries. The study has adopted panel regression analysis using secondary data from the World Development Indicators and United Nations Development Programme. This database contains information on seven South Asian countries from 1995 to 2020. The study simultaneously applied the Levin-Lin-Chu, Breitung and IM-Pesaran unit root tests to check the stationarity of data. After satisfying the condition, econometric models such as Fixed and Random Effects were executed. Pesaran's test of cross-sectional independence, the Westerlund test for cointegration and VIF tests were performed in order to check the robustness of the results. As a post-diagnostic tool, the Hausman test suggests that the Fixed Effect models are appropriate for each estimation. The results demonstrate that personal remittance positively and significantly affects human and gender development. Similarly, international migration significantly influences human development while negatively affecting gender development. The study suggests that these countries should prioritize attaining higher remittances by sending more international migrants. Similarly, the provision of cheaper formal channels for remitting money and giving incentives can be effective for higher remittance inflow. Moreover, negotiation at the government-to-government level can effectively expand the international labour market of the selected countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Extensive literature review and cases showed 14 types of direct benefits. • Cyclone benefits matched provisioning, regulating and supporting ecosystem services. • The most commonly linked valuation approaches are cost based and stated preference. Abstract Cyclones (i.e. typhoons, hurricanes) are known for their destructive power and negative effects on livelihoods. Potential benefits are often ignored, when some people depend on cyclone impacts. Currently few publications on potential benefits exist, and most concern a single country or cyclone. This study documents an overview of the existing global knowledge on cyclone benefits and presents a regional focus on Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Japan. The results expand available options for ecosystem based adaptation schemes by highlighting how benefits can be valued as ecosystem services. Responses from experts in South-East Asia suggest that although cyclones are commonly understood to result in detrimental effects; various cases proved to have practical benefits. Example benefits include an increase in soil organic matter content, eliminating the need for fertilizers; collecting increased wind power through wind farms; and selling collected debris as a form of additional income. The results further show which ecosystem service valuation approaches can be applied to the identified benefits of cyclones, and which type of services and valuation approaches require further attention. While cyclone impacts cannot be precisely anticipated, knowledge of their benefits and corresponding valuation approaches form an important basis to offset their devastation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to review the total collection of literature on the 'residential satisfaction' concept used in social research from 1961 to 2020, and provides a complete overview on how social research concerning 'residential satisfaction' has emerged and developed in the last 60 years. We follow the theoretical framework of bibliometric analysis and use the bibliometric datasets retrieved from Web of Science and Scopus's online resources. After compiling and processing the datasets, we used a final dataset containing 877 documents on residential satisfaction. The open-source statistical and visualisation software packages R and VOSviewer were used mainly for processing and analysing datasets. The results visualise information on the top authors, the most influential documents by citation, the most productive countries, and other criteria. The lexical network analysis shows that residential satisfaction has a strong co-occurrence association with the two frequently occurring terms 'neighbourhood' and 'satisfaction'. The majority of research on residential satisfaction has been conducted in the United States, China, and the United Kingdom. The top three most influential journals for residential satisfaction research are 'Social Indicators Research', 'Environment and Development', and 'Habitat International'. This bibliometric analysis frames the future research demand for residential satisfaction in social research. • This paper presents how the 'residential satisfaction (RS)' concept used in social science since its inception in 1961. • Bibliometric issues, e.g. lexical, temporal and spatial network of residential satisfaction concepts are discussed. • Bibliometric methodology is employed in open-source statistical and visualisation software packages R and VOSviewer. • 'Neighbourhood' and 'satisfaction' are the two frequently occurring terms in co-occurring association. • Majority of research on RS has been conducted in the United States, China, and the United Kingdom. • Top journals for RS research are 'Social Indicators Research', 'Environment and Development', and 'Habitat International'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]