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In this study, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sedentary lifestyle of young adults were evaluated. The cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals aged 18–35 years between December 2021 and March 2022. In the study, sedentary life was evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), screening time and the Brief Eating Behaviors Questionnaire. 397 people participated in the study and the mean age was 24.41 ± 4.18. Body Mass Index (BMI), time spent in front of the screen, need for psychosocial support, and Short Diet Behaviors Questionnaire (SDBQ) scores showed a significant increase during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period (respectively; p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001). It has been observed that there is an increase in the time spent in front of the screen, worsening in eating behaviors, decrease in physical activity, and an increase in BMI values of young adults during pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achilles tendon rupture is the most common tendon rupture of the lower extremity. Lower extremity and foot pains are frequently among the complaints of patients who apply to the primary care unit. In this case report, we wanted to explain Achilles tendon rupture, which can also be encountered in primary care and should be considered among the differential diagnoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drugs that have limited access and treat rare diseases are called "orphan drugs". These drugs are called "orphan" because the pharmaceutical industry has little interest in developing and marketing these drugs, which are used only for a few patient groups. This is because pharmaceutical companies cannot compensate the very high cost of developing these drugs. This review article aims to give information about orphan drugs, policies about these drugs and difficulties to reach them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was designed to investigate the relationship between functional low back pain levels and urinary incontinence severity. Participants aged 18 and older with both functional low back pain and urinary incontinence were given a survey with scales determining the level of functional low back pain and the severity of urinary incontinence on social media platforms. The total number of study participants was 174, of whom 52.3% were male and 47.7% were female. The mean score for urinary incontinence was 6.03, and the mean score for functional low back pain was 32.58. The functional low back pain score and other variables had no statistically significant effect on the urinary incontinence severity score (p>0.05). The functional low back pain score and urinary incontinence score had no statistically significant relationship (p=0.480). Functional low back pain and urinary incontinence are both disorders that can seriously affect the quality of life. In the present study, no correlation was found between the severity of low back pain and urinary incontinence, but more comprehensive and extensive studies are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Klimik Journal / Klimik Dergisi is the property of DOC Design & Informatics Co. Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare syndrome that is generally seen in adolescents and young adults. In this case, a 22-year-old female patient applied to the outpatient clinic with complaints of persistent nausea and vomiting. After evaluation of the physical and laboratory findings of the patient, contrastenhanced abdominal computed tomography was requested. The findings were considered as SMAS and the patient was referred to the gastroenterology clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted viruses in the world that causes diseases of the genitourinary system. But it is still not included in the national immunization schedule. Our aim is to find out the attitudes and practices of physicians in Türkiye regarding HPV vaccination. Materials and Methods: The study was qualitative in nature. It was conducted with 14 subjects consisting of specialists in general medicine, family medicine, gynecology and obstetrics, urology, pediatrics and diseases working in Türkiye. A thematic framework analysis was used for the analysis. Results: No notable difference was found in the opinions of the doctors in relation to their age or gender. The analysis revealed three main themes: Prejudice and ignorance about the HPV vaccine, insufficient information to patients about the HPV vaccine, and the need to include the HPV vaccine in the national immunization schedule. Conclusion: The HPV vaccine is currently a paid vaccine, administered only on demand. Participants cited a lack of knowledge about the vaccine and the cost of the vaccine as the biggest barriers to vaccination. However, it is a vaccine that is considered necessary to be included in the "National Immunization Schedule". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Healthcare professionals are the most affected individuals by the Covid-19 pandemic. Spending this period with a healthy and balanced diet will help them have a strong immune system. The objective of the study is to determine the relationship between Covid-19 fear and using vitamin supplements by healthcare professionals. Methods: This observational study was conducted through the online Google survey application. Questions including demographic details and vitamin use and the fear of Covid-19 scale (FCV-19s) including seven questions were asked. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 21 package program. Results: 874 healthcare professionals were included in the study. Vitamin / mineral usage frequency increases with decreasing BMI and increasing age and is higher in women, those with chronic illnesses, married people, and those living at home with children or elderly. The most preferred vitamins / minerals of the participants during the pandemic were vitamin D, vitamin C, multivitamin, zinc, magnesium, vitamin B12 and iron, respectively. It was observed that as the number of used vitamins / minerals increased, the average score of the Covid-19 fear scale increased. Conclusion: COVID-19 fear caused increase in vitamin and mineral usage. Healthcare professionals should be informed about their benefits and harms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Tepecik Education & Research Hospital / İzmir Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Dergisi is the property of Logos Medical Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although genitourinary system anomalies are frequently diagnosed in childhood, they are also clinically important in the adult population. Patients with these anomalies are at risk for recurrent urinary tract infections and also obstructions. Urinary system anomalies should be considered in the patients who come with recurrent urinary tract infection complaints to the family medicine outpatient clinic. In this article, a case with recurrent urinary tract infections, which were later diagnosed with a double collecting system, is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences / Türkiye Klinikleri Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Melanoma is a rapidly progressing malignancy that can cause death in a short time with metastases. Early diagnosis and large excision are associated with a 5-year survival rate of 98%. Our aim in this study is; to increase awareness of the Medical Faculty students' about melanoma that can be diagnosed early with self-skin examination. Methods: Our study is a descriptive study. The 5th and 6th grade students of the Medical Faculty who applied to the Family Medicine outpatient clinics between September and November 2020, were included in the study. A questionnaire consisting of 21 questions was applied to the participants to assess sociodemographic characteristics, melanoma risk factors, awareness and level of knowledge. Results: One hundred seventy six individuals, 61,9% (n=108) female and 38,1% (n=68) male, were included in the study. 88,1% of the participants were between the ages of 22-25 (min: 20-max: 31). 57,4% (n=101) were 6th grade students and 42,6% (n=75) were 5th grade students. It was seen that students with a family history of skin cancer and students who were suspected of having melanoma and consulted a doctor, the rate of correct answers to the question; "What are the characteristics of melanoma?" was found to be significantly higher (p=0,007, p=0,001, respectively). The rate of correct answers to the same question was also significantly higher (p=0,025) in individuals with freckles. Conclusion: Medical Faculty students were not aware enough about the prevention and early diagnosis of melanoma. This result indicates the need for new approaches in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our aim in this study is to provide information about the rate of errors in the process of the biochemistry laboratories in the hospitals in Turkey with the "Indicators". The hospitals calculate their own data according to the indicator cards defined by the Ministry of Health of Turkey and enter into the system once in a year. In this study we examined the quality indicators related to the disruptions in the biochemistry laboratory of hospitals for the year of 2018. All indicators except "Non-timely reported result rate in biochemistry laboratory" are found to be significantly higher in university hospitals. This indicator is found to be significantly higher in private hospitals(p:0.030) "Lost sample rate in biochemistry laboratory" is found to be significantly higher in Eastern Anatolia Region (p:0.000) and "Non-timely reported result rate in biochemistry laboratory" is found to be significantly higher in Aegean Region (p:0.008). The ratio of non-timely reported result rate is the most seen disruption in biochemistry laboratories. It may be due to lots of reasons; lack of biochemistry equipment, lack of staff, problems in transportation, etc. The management of hospitals and the staff should take measures and regulations about problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate and evaluate factors affecting levels of negative bias or attitude towards obesity, known as "fat phobia." Methods: The study included 583 individuals who agreed to participate in this research among those presented at our outpatient clinics for any reason. Participants were asked to complete a survey after their written consent was received. The survey consisted of two parts: the first related to socio‐demographic information; the second including a "Fat Phobia Scale," the "State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory" and the "Beck Depression Inventory." Data analysed using SPSS 20 statistical software. Results: Of the participants, 50.6% were male, and 49.4% were female. Among participants, 49.7% had a weight problem in their family, while 50.6% had experienced weight problems. In addition, 35.7% of participants were overweight, 27.4% severely overweight, 20.1% medium‐to‐normal weight, 7% severely underweight, 6.7% underweight and 3.1% obese. The median score for fat phobia level did not differ by gender (P =.790) and was 3.07 in both men and women. The fat phobia level did not vary by profession, previous diets, previous weight problems and weight self‐assessment (P >.05). There was no significant relationship between fat phobia and age, weight, height, body mass index, state anxiety, trait anxiety and Beck depression score (P >.05). Conclusion: The common opinion across studies on bias is that the effective factor in being free from the relevant bias can be achieved through education. Although fat phobia is a new concept, it is an emotion that is always with us at varying levels. In order to minimise the level of fat phobia as much as possible, to draw attention to this situation and to raise awareness, weight management should be ensured for the health of individuals in addition to psychological sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The profession of medicine is very depressing both mentally and physically. There were studies conducted to investigate the reasons of depression and burnout. Hopelessness leads to depression and may be it is the first sign. The aim of our study is to determine the despair levels of primary care physicians. Methods: This research is a descriptive study. The study conducted with family physicians and Beck Hopelessness Scale was applied. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using IBM SPSS 23. Results: 40.9% of those without children, 48.9% of those with chronic diseases, 47% of those who had been subjected to violence and 53.5% of those who are not satisfied with working in the primary care received severe hopelessness scores, and these score were significant (P <.05). Conclusion: The dissatisfied aspects of Family Medicine System should be examined in detail, and necessary measures should be taken against violence, which is a common problem in the whole healthcare sector. In this way, employee satisfaction and therefore patient satisfaction can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible changes in sleep behavior and nutrition in children during the pandemic period. Methods: One hundred fourteen parents who accepted to participate in the study aged 18 and over and who had children between the ages of 6 and 16 were included in the study. A questionnaire was carried out after written consents were obtained. In the first part of the questionnaire, there were a total of 9 questions including socio‐demographic information and nutritional characteristics, and the second part included the "Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children" (SDSC). The data were analyzed with the SPSS 20 statistical program. Results: The total number of participants was 114 parents; 64 (56%) of the children were girls and 50 (43.9%) were boys. Among the participants, the number of children who had COVID‐19 was 38 (33.3%). There was no statistically significant relationship between going through COVID‐19 status and the variables examined in general. The proportion of participants who stated that if the pandemic period was prolonged, COVID‐19 would not change their diet was found to be statistically significant (P =.038). The SDSC score was found to be significantly high in girls (P <.05). Conclusion: Sleep and nutritional disorders affect the quality of life for all ages for both genders, and their importance increases even more in extraordinary periods such as pandemic. Sleep problems increasing especially with an accompanying anxiety state may lead to developmental problems as well as deepening psychological disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study examines the relationship between nomophobia and smartphone addiction, which have not become increasingly prevalent, and other addictions, especially drug abuse. Methods: This study included Hacettepe University students aged 18 years and above between June 2020 and August 2020. The questionnaire used in this study consisted of questions about socio-demographical characteristics in the first part and the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), Alcohol Risk Screening Scale (ARSS) and Drug Use Risk Screening Scale (DRSS) in the second part. Results: The study included 386 university students and 195 (50.5%) were men. The median of NMP-Q, SAS, ARSS, and DRSS were 78.0 (20.0-140.0), 35.0 (10.0-60.0), 6.0 (0.0-12.0), 0.0 (0.0-2.0), respectively. No significant difference in the nomophobia score was found between the alcohol and drug addiction risk scale scores (p=0.545 and p=0.186, respectively). Also, no significant difference in the smartphone addiction score was found between the alcohol and drug addiction risk scale scores (p=0.520 and p=0.945, respectively). There was a weak negative relationship between nomophobia scores and age (p=0.046). Conclusion: Given the increased tendency to follow technological developments among university students, their incapability to stay away from smartphones and similar devices due to smartphone addiction is an indicator of the student's addiction. This may predispose them to other accompanying addictions such as alcoholism and drug abuse. However, many different factors may cause this. All health institutions should take necessary protective measures to minimize and eliminate such addictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the changes in smoking addiction levels during the on-going Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: This study included 104 participants, ≥18 years old who were previous patients of family health clinics for a variety of reasons in the months preceding the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic. The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence was administered to these patients as part of their initial intakes. The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire related to socio-demographic information and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence after obtaining agreement to participate during the pandemic period. In addition, written informed consent was obtained. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20, was used to analyse the acquired data. Results: The participants were 48.1% and 51.9% women and men, respectively. The pre-pandemic and Covid-19 pandemic mean smoking addiction scores were 5.03 and 5.6, respectively. The smoking addiction levels before and during the Covid-19 pandemic significantly differed (P < .001). Of the individuals with low smoking addiction levels before the pandemic, 17.6% and 29.4% became moderately and highly addicted, respectively. Of the individuals with moderate smoking addiction level, 6.3% and 43.9% became lowly and highly addicted, respectively. Conclusion: The smoking addiction level may change based on various factors including behavioural changes. While increases in smoking addiction during the pandemic can be observed caused by behavioural changes and anxieties that may arise because of the pandemic, a decrease in addiction levels and even smoking cessation can also be observed during these times because of the more progressive course of Covid-19 in smokers. Health institutions should therefore take advantage of this period and focus more efforts on the cessation of smoking and other substance abuse issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to learn about the experiences of family medicine research assistants during COVID-19 pandemic and to obtain information about improvement activities that can be done in similar situations.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with the research assistants of X University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, who worked in the COVID-19 outpatient clinic during the pandemic period. The research was a qualitative research. Data were analysed using a thematic framework method.Results: In all, 15 research assistants (11 females and 4 males) were included in the study. No remarkable difference was detected in the opinions with respect to their gender and their working period as a physician. The analysis revealed four main themes: emotions experienced during pandemic, working environment, gains and reasons to choose "family medicine."Conclusion: Family medicine research assistants have important roles during pandemic. However, in this period, it is very important to know their views to provide the most accurate management and to meet their training needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, we aim to investigate the thoughts and attitudes of individuals towards the future COVID‐19 vaccine. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on the web between 10/06/2020 and 10/07/2020. The sample constitutes all individuals above 18 years of age using social media and smartphone. The e‐survey form was shared by the researchers via the web for a month, and those who completed the survey were included in the study and formed the sample of the research. Results: Seven‐hundred and fifty‐nine people participated. 49.7% of the participants stated to be vaccinated; 38.4% of them stated to be vaccinated their children against COVID‐19; if the vaccine for COVID‐19 is developed. The request for the COVID‐19 vaccine had relationship with gender, occupation, health insurance, anxiety level, having children and willing to get vaccinated for their children. "Afraid of the side effects of vaccine", "don't think it can be reliable as it will be a new vaccine" and "COVID‐19 infection is a biological weapon and the vaccine will serve those who produce this virus" were the most common reasons for rejection of vaccine. Conclusion: In our study, afraid of the side effects of vaccine and not thinking it can be reliable as it will be a new vaccine are the most reasons of indecision and rejection about COVID 19 vaccine. In order for the future COVID 19 vaccination campaign to not fail, media, politicians and healthcare professionals should closely follow the vaccination development processes, inform the public transparently and consider public's concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The National Safety Reporting System, which is developed for Turkey, aims to classify medical errors with a coding methodology that handles errors in subcategories. Error entries done via the system are added to the statistics immediately by advanced live data reporting capabilities of the software. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to provide information about the Turkey local reporting system to ensure patient safety by detecting medical errors. METHODS: The data used for analyses were obtained from and the web service used by hospital information systems. The error reporting time, most commonly reported errors, errors by professions and errors by location were examined under the major error categories and percentages that have been used in relevant data. RESULTS: In total, 53,477 errors were submitted to the National Safety Reporting System in 2016. When these entries were split into relevant categories such as drug errors, laboratory errors, surgical errors and patient safety errors, the most common errors were wrong dosage order, hemolyzed sample, not marking the side to be operated on and patient fall (patient/caretaker related), respectively. CONCLUSION: In order to reduce medical errors and provide patient safety, every institution must first of all do its own self-assessment. New user-friendly systems can be developed in order to increase medical error notifications and thus institutions can improve their healthcare quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ankara Medical Journal is the property of Yildirim Beyazit Üniversity and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Family Practice / Türkiye Aile Hekimligi Dergisi is the property of Deomed Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Youth are at high risk for reproductive health problems and adolescent health monitoring has entered a new routine during family medicine follow-ups Our study was planned in order to determine the students’ knowledge level and educational needs on reproductive health who have just begun to Faculty of Nursing. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was applied by face-to-face interview method to the students who had recently registered to Hacettepe University Nursing Faculty in the 2019-2020 academic year in this descriptive study. In the evaluation of the data, the mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and frequency table for qualitative data were used. The Chi-square test was used to test the relationship between qualitative data. Statistical analysis was done with the SPSS v.23 package program. Results: 120 students were included in the study. The school (75.80%) was in the first place among students' sources of information on reproductive health. The most common contraceptive method was the pill (80.80%). The most common answer to the question of what sexually transmitted diseases are was the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (85.80%). The most wanted topic to learn was sexually transmitted diseases with 51.70%. There was no statistically significant relationship between students' age, gender, economic status, the school they graduated from, and their level of knowledge. Conclusion: Young people don't have sufficient and correct knowledge about reproductive health. More attention should be given to planning their training. In addition, the family physician, who monitors adolescents between the ages of 10-21 and provides counseling services on reproductive health, plays an especially important role to acquire accurate and reliable information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The tools used for critically appraising the quality of clinical practice guidelines are complex and not suitable for the busy end users. So rapid, effective and simple instruments are more preferred. The aim of this study is to compare two critical appraisal tools: iCAHE as a rapid instrument and AGREE II as a complex instrument on guideline quality assessment.Material and Methods: The diabetes mellitus guidelines of the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Turkey (SEMT) were assessed separately by four appraisers using the iCAHE and AGREE II instruments. The mean iCAHE criteria scores and the total and domain AGREE II scores given by the four appraisers are presented for each guideline.Results: No statistically significant difference was detected between the iCAHE scale scores of the guidelines evaluated (P = 0.063). The rank of the guidelines according to their average total iCAHE and AGREE II instrument scores was similar. The iCAHE mean scores of the guidelines were as follows: NICE, 92.85%; SIGN, 92.85%; IDF, 66.07% and SEMT, 73.21%. The AGREE II mean scores of the guidelines were as follows: NICE, 87.13%; SIGN, 78.25%; IDF, 53.44% and SEMT, 53.22%.Conclusions: In addition to being a quality scale, the iCAHE checklist is easy, practical and short to implement. It also helps the users to understand the quality of the guideline in a shorter time. To increase the use of guidelines, it is important that users with little experience and time use the iCAHE scale as a rapid appraisal tool, but more studies are needed to decide the best appraisal tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frequency of application to primary health care services with syncope is quite high. Especially in the presence of recurrent syncope attacks, even if the healing process is fast, the etiology should be investigated, and the necessary research and clinical tests should be done to make a differential diagnosis. In our case, we presented a patient who was admitted to our Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic due to syncope and was diagnosed with cardiovascular syncope due to pericardial effusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Konuralp Medical Journal / Konuralp Tip Dergisi is the property of Duzce University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

More than 50% of the employees in health sector are exposed to violence at any time. This study investigated international workplace violence guidelines for the health care sector to compare their quality and content and explore whether these guidelines could be used in different settings. We ran a broad review to identify international guidelines for violence in health care. After identification of the guidelines, the quality of the guidelines was assessed by personal experience and views of the authors, also taking AGREE domains into consideration as a guidance. The identified guidelines were later qualitatively analyzed for the content by two researchers and compared to each other. Canada, New Zealand, USA, UK and Turkey's guidelines were involved in the study. Definitions of workplace violence, risk factors, objectives of the guideline, legal requirements, responsible stakeholders, target population, strategies recommended, physical environment, training and staffing were assessed in the content of the violence guidelines. It was found that current guidelines need improvement in both quality and content, but it is possible to have an international guidance that could be applicable in different settings. The development of violence guidelines should be the first and most strategic step for better protection of the health care workers. We expect our results to be useful in preparation of new guidelines for different settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Rationale, aims, objectives: Clinical Practice Guidelines are mostly developed by 3 methods; namely, de novo, adoption, and adaptation. Nonpublished studies and authors experience shows that most guidelines in Turkey are either by adoption or by adaptation. There is no available local tool for adaptation, so the process is not standardized and most of the time not explicitly defined. The objective of this study is to search for international guideline adaptation tools and test their feasibility in Turkish context, to serve a final goal of developing a unique local strategic tool for guideline adaptation. Methods: The methodological design of this study includes selection of an international tool for Clinical Practice Guideline adaptation, piloting this tool with selected Turkish guidelines, identifying the feasibility of this tool and exploring the needs for adaptation of the tool, drawing recommendations for adaptation of the strategies, and validation of the process by local experts. Results: The study from planning phase to finalizing the guidance, including pilot studies and panel but excluding translation of ADAPTE , lasted 18 months. Nine researchers were involved in the adaptation process and 15 more experts were involved in the validation panel. Following the suggestions of the research team on modifications and validation through the expert panel; 2 steps of the ADAPTE toolkit were rejected, 2 steps were accepted by modification, 7 steps were accepted by additional recommendations. In addition, 2 tools were suggested to be added to the toolkit. Conclusion: This is the first study on adaptation of guidelines in Turkey. Pilot adaptation of 2 guidelines with ADAPTE revealed that ADAPTE is a useful and feasible tool in Turkish setting, but might require certain changes in recommendations and revision of tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Konuralp Medical Journal / Konuralp Tip Dergisi is the property of Duzce University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: This study aims to identify sociodemographic and hospitalization characteristics of the multiple sclerosis (MS) patients admitted to a reference center in Turkey. Patients and Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study which reviews MS patient records in 66 months. The study covered between April 1, 2010 and September 30, 2015. Data was collected on age, gender, number of admissions, number of hospitalizations (dates and durations), requests for laboratory tests and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), existence of disability reports and provision of home care. Total number of admissions for home care was 78. Results: We determined 6996 MS admissions by 1578 patients in 66 months. 65.8% (n: 1038) of patients were females; mean age was 37.0. There were 4.4 admissions per patient. 584 (37.0%) patients had MRI requests. Blood tests were requested in 25% of all admissions. We identified 5213 (74.5%) admissions of 400 (25.3%) patients who have admitted at least five times to the center. For this group, mean admission per patient was 13.0, MRI request per patient was 2.1. 38.7% (n=152) of these patients was hospitalized at least once. Conclusion: The use of resources for MS patients in a hospital setting is remarkable, which includes admissions, hospitalizations, blood tests and MRIs. However, when the number of patients with MS diagnosis taken into consideration, it is noteworthy that the number of demands for homecare is very small. Our study will be a guide for reducing cost of illness and improving care pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The participation of the people in health decisions may be structured in various levels. One of these is participation in decisions for the treatment. “Advanced directives” is one of the examples for the participation in decisions for the treatment. Aim: We wanted to determine the decisions on advanced life support at the end-stage of life in case of a life-threatening illness for the people themselves and their first degree relatives and the factors effecting these decisions. Design and setting: The cross-sectional study was conducted with volunteers among patients and patient relatives who applied to all polyclinics of the Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital except the emergency, oncology and psychiatry polyclinics between 15.12.2012 and 15.03.2013. Method: A questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety Depression (HAD) scale, and Templer’s Death Anxiety Scale (TDA) were applied to all individuals. SPSS for Win. Ver. 17.0 and MS-Excel 2010 Starter software bundles were used for all statistical analysis and calculations. Results: The participants want both themselves and their first degree relatives included in end-stage decision-making process. Therefore, the patients and their families should be informed adequately during decision making process and quality communication must be provided. Conclusion: Participants who have given their end-stage decisions previously want to be treated according to these decisions. This desire can just be possible by advanced directives.When moral and material loads of end-stage process are taken into consideration, countries, in which advanced directives are practiced, should be examined well and participants’ desire should be evaluated in terms of practicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Investigations is the property of Modestum Publications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Society of Obstetrics & Gynecology / Türk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Derneği Dergisi is the property of Turkish Society of Obstetrics & Gynecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of diet and exercise on diabetes control in type 2 diabetics (NIDDM) who use only oral anti-diabetic drugs (OAD). Methods: 217 patients with the diagnosis of NIDDM and using OAD, who admitted to family medicine outpatient clinic between December 2012 and February 2013, were included in the study. Patients were divided into four groups according to their regular diet and exercise. Group 1: Only dieting, Group 2: Only exercising, Group 3: Both dieting and exercising, Group 4: Neither dieting nor exercising. Age, duration of diabetes, body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were compared between groups. Results: The mean age of patients participating in the study was 54.5±10.0 years (p=0.878). 62.7% were women and 37.3% were men. The median duration of diabetes, mean BMI, median HbA1c levels were 36 months, 30.2±4.6 kg/m² and 7.1. Statistically significant difference was not detected (diabetes duration; p=0.188, BMI; p=0,163 and HbA1c; p=0,290). Median HbA1c levels of groups were 7.0; 7.3; 6.8 and 7.2 respectively. No other difference was observed in the other comparisons between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: There are positive effects of diet and exercise on diabetes control in type 2 diabetics who use only OAD. Diet and exercise have better control in diabetes patients on OAD. However these effects are more noticeable in patients who tackle implement diet and exercise together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate and evaluate factors affecting levels of negative bias or attitude towards obesity, known as "fat phobia."Methods: The study included 583 individuals who agreed to participate in this research among those presented at our outpatient clinics for any reason. Participants were asked to complete a survey after their written consent was received. The survey consisted of two parts: the first related to socio-demographic information; the second including a "Fat Phobia Scale," the "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory" and the "Beck Depression Inventory." Data analysed using SPSS 20 statistical software.Results: Of the participants, 50.6% were male, and 49.4% were female. Among participants, 49.7% had a weight problem in their family, while 50.6% had experienced weight problems. In addition, 35.7% of participants were overweight, 27.4% severely overweight, 20.1% medium-to-normal weight, 7% severely underweight, 6.7% underweight and 3.1% obese. The median score for fat phobia level did not differ by gender (P = .790) and was 3.07 in both men and women. The fat phobia level did not vary by profession, previous diets, previous weight problems and weight self-assessment (P > .05). There was no significant relationship between fat phobia and age, weight, height, body mass index, state anxiety, trait anxiety and Beck depression score (P > .05).Conclusion: The common opinion across studies on bias is that the effective factor in being free from the relevant bias can be achieved through education. Although fat phobia is a new concept, it is an emotion that is always with us at varying levels. In order to minimise the level of fat phobia as much as possible, to draw attention to this situation and to raise awareness, weight management should be ensured for the health of individuals in addition to psychological sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: With this study, it was aimed to determine the reasons and results of young adults with psychological problems who applied to a primary care institution of a university in and to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics. Method: The descriptive and retrospective study was conducted in XXXXX University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Sıhhiye Health Center. All students between the ages of 18-35, who were registered in the specified date range in our study, and who came to a psychologist interview at least 3 times at regular intervals were evaluated. In our study, the data of the patients were collected by examining the data forms recorded by the psychologist. The personal data of the patient was not used in the data form. Results: In the study, 276 applications were evaluated retrospectively. It was observed that 83.3% of the applicants were females, and the mean age was 20.99±2.176. When evaluated in terms of application reasons; it was determined that 35.5% of them applied due to anxiety, stress, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) problems, 35.9% of them had communication problems and psychosocial problems. For the treatment of 65.2%, it was decided to follow up with a psychologist (who did not require referral to a psychiatrist). When the relationship between the outcome of the applications and the reasons for the application is evaluated; 54.8% of mood problems were referred to a psychiatrist and were followed up by a psychologist after the medication was started; it was determined that 51.1% of the patients who applied with communication and psychosocial problems were followed up by a psychologist without the need for referral to a psychiatrist. Conclusion: As a result, it has been established that university students have high levels of anxiety, stress, OCD problems, communication problems, and psychosocial problems, and females living in dormitories and those with a diagnosis of psychiatric illness applied more frequently. Students should be encouraged to benefit from the health centers founded for them, where primary care preventive health care is at the forefront. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anti-vaccination is spreading among parents. In 2017, 23 000 families in Turkey refused vaccinations for their children. Meanwhile an increase in infectious diseases was observed, which might be caused by vaccination rejection. The reasons why families do not vaccinate their children may be very different, such as side effects, or advocation for "healthy life" by gurus. However, the real reasons for vaccine refusal are unknown. Our aim is to determine the reasons for anti-vaccination in Turkey. Methods: In order to reveal the real reasons for not taking the vaccine, we planned to conduct interviews with the representatives of the vaccine rejection group using qualitative research methodology with the "grounded theory" method. We searched some anti-vaccination blogs to find candidates for interviews. Within the scope of our study, parental concerns about vaccinations were classified by analyzing the data obtained from semi-structured questions and interviews recorded with voice recorders in face-toface interviews with 21 parents in 13 cities of Turkey. Results: The obtained findings were classified under the headings of ''mistrust'', ''vaccine efficacy-importance'', ''decision-making processes - bases'', and ''law-ethics''. Mistrust was the main theme, almost singularly, as the most important reason for vaccine rejection. The salient reasons for mistrusts were: Companies which produce vaccines especially international companies because of conspiratory beliefs; health authorities, because of the belief about non-transparency in epidemiologic data, immunization council etc. and healthcare professionals, because of their non-communicative and non-concerned attitude. Conclusion: Mistrust is hard to overcome. The beliefs of the patients cannot be easily changed. As a result of our study, we made some recommendations for health authorities, healthcare professionals, companies and other related stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]