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Motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS), caused by the Aeromonas species, has been a serious problem in fish health management, particularly in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). This study characterized an Aeromonas species isolated from farmed tilapia fingerlings in Binangonan, Rizal, Philippines, and tested for its pathogenicity in tank trials. The isolate, designated as Aeromonas veronii DFR01 (Diseased Fish Rizal), was identified based on 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis, 16S rRNA homology, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Its biochemical profile was generated from API and Biolog Gen III systems. A median lethal dose of A. veronii DFR01 was determined to be 107 CFU/mL in tank trials and was utilized as a whole-cell inactivated antigen for oral vaccine development. The immunized tilapia fingerlings produced elevated levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the blood as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was a significant increase in IgM levels 14 days post-vaccination. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed increasing levels of IgM gene expression after vaccination until 38 days of culture. Vaccinated fish showed 25–35% cumulative mortality after the challenge, while non-vaccinated-challenged fish showed 75% mortality. The findings of this research suggest that the fish oral vaccine may prove beneficial for farmed tilapia populations. The vaccine elicited improved immune responses in the fish and resulted in higher survival rates.

Motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS), caused by the Aeromonas species, has been a serious problem in fish health management, particularly in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). This study characterized an Aeromonas species isolated from farmed tilapia fingerlings in Binangonan, Rizal, Philippines, and tested for its pathogenicity in tank trials. The isolate, designated as Aeromonas veronii DFR01 (Diseased Fish Rizal), was identified based on 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis, 16S rRNA homology, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Its biochemical profile was generated from API and Biolog Gen III systems. A median lethal dose of A. veronii DFR01 was determined to be 107 CFU/mL in tank trials and was utilized as a whole-cell inactivated antigen for oral vaccine development. The immunized tilapia fingerlings produced elevated levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the blood as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was a significant increase in IgM levels 14 days post-vaccination. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed increasing levels of IgM gene expression after vaccination until 38 days of culture. Vaccinated fish showed 25–35% cumulative mortality after the challenge, while non-vaccinated-challenged fish showed 75% mortality. The findings of this research suggest that the fish oral vaccine may prove beneficial for farmed tilapia populations. The vaccine elicited improved immune responses in the fish and resulted in higher survival rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we consider a BTZ black hole with minimum length which has been introduced through the probability density of the ground state of the hydrogen atom. We analyzed the effect of the minimum length by calculating the thermodynamic quantities such as temperature and entropy and verified the stability of the black hole by computing the specific heat capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Two methods for melt-texture processing of Ba2YCu3O6.5 by directional solidification were presented. The first utilizes an electric resistance furnace with ambient or oxygen-enriched atmosphere while the other uses a laser-heated furnace operating at 1.3 atmosphere oxygen. Faceted plane front, cellular dendritic and equiaxed block growth morphologies were observed depending on growth rate and temperature gradient.

The Philippine teak forest (PTF) is a formation with the Endangered Tectona philippinensis Benth. & Hook. f., Lamiaceae - an endemic tree flora in the Batangas Province along the Verde Island Passage, Luzon Island, Philippines. In this study, we determine the general floristic composition of PTF. Vegetation analysis across coastal to inland continuum generated the data for general floristic richness, growth structure and diversity indices. A total of 128 species under 111 genera in 48 families was recorded with overall plant diversity of very low to moderate (Shannon-Wiener: 0.8675-2.681). Plant life based on morpho-species was composed of dominant trees (68 species), shrubs (5) and subshrubs (9), bush palm (1) and palm-like tree (1), lianas (7), epiphytic tree (1), semi-woody climbers (3), epiphytic and geophytic orchids (4), epiphytic and terrestrial ferns (5), annuals to erect succulent perennial herbs (9), herbaceous climbers and creepers (6), geophytic herbs and climber (1), low and tall grasses, including bamboo (5) and sedges (2). Such structural diversity is comprised of some of the unique botanical ensembles associated with endemic T. philippinensis in the coastal landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we study through tunneling formalism, the effect of noncommutativity to Hawking radiation and the entropy of the noncommutative Schwarzschild black hole. In our model we have considered the noncommutativity implemented via the Lorentzian distribution. We obtain noncommutative corrections to the Hawking temperature using the Hamilton–Jacobi method and the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) approximation. In addition, we found corrections of the logarithmic and other types due to noncommutativity and quantum corrections from the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) for the entropy of the Schwarzschild black hole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the effect of noncommutativity and quantum corrections to the temperature and entropy of a BTZ black hole based on a Lorentzian distribution with the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). To determine the Hawking radiation in the tunneling formalism, we apply the Hamilton-Jacobi method by using the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approach. In the present study, we have obtained logarithmic corrections to entropy due to the effect of noncommutativity and GUP. We also address the issue concerning stability of the noncommutative BTZ black hole by investigating its modified specific heat capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we consider the acoustic metric obtained from an Abelian Higgs model extended with higher derivative terms in the bosonic sector which describes an acoustic rotating black hole and analyze the phenomena of superresonance, analogue Aharonov–Bohm effect and absorption. We investigate these effects by computing the scalar wave scattering by a draining bathtub vortex and discuss the physical interpretation of higher derivative terms. Furthermore, we show that the absorption does not vanish as the draining parameter tends to zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study determined the local ecological knowledge (LEK) on the uses of plants in the Philippine teak forest (PTF) landscape and proposed a framework for conservation practitioners reconciling anthropogenic change drivers and ecological values of the PTF. Using techniques in participatory resource appraisal (PRA), facilitated focused group discussion (FGD), and key informant interviews (KIIs), the information on LEK on the plant uses were gathered among the villagers in the lasang (satoyama) and baybay (satoumi) in Batangas City and the municipality of Lobo, Batangas Province. Results show that the local community in the study site had a good perception of the multiple ecological functions of the Philippine teak (Tectona philippinensis) forest. The PTF is integral in the lives of the local community as a component wood source for the construction of their dwellings and shelters of domestic farm animals. Cultivated plants in the agroecosystems were observed as best alternatives to sustain the harvesting of some indigenous plants such as Vitex parviflora and T. philippinensis for the livelihood and material culture of the local population. Since the old times, molave (V. parviflora) trees have been used to build houses of the century-old dwellings in the localities, suggesting that the species had been dwindling its abundance in the wild. This could also explain the reason for the dominance of T. philippinensis in a dry limestone habitat in Lobo, Batangas, where V. parviflora is expected naturally to overlap. The PTF is one of the locally valuable resources affected by urbanization, infrastructure development, and agricultural expansion resulting in forest fragmentation. However, there are still locally learned practices that may serve as localized models of harmonious human-forest interaction. In the proposed framework, understanding the local drivers of threats to the PTF will allow the policy, regulatory, and research institutions to address these challenges, invest in conservation networking, and do the restoration for the species as well as the forest ecosystem levels. Conservation approaches can be highly varied but localized, building from local knowledge, stakeholder values, and peculiarities of the PTF environment. As soon as other plant resources in the landscape are exhausted for dwellings, firewood, and boatmaking, other locally lesser-used species might be misused by the locals in the future. Hence, to preserve the natural patches of native plants from the ridge to coast, institutional support should be given to the local communities as they integrate these indigenous floras in their farms, homegardens, and safe public sites for posterity use values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milkfish is a major finfish product of the Philippines. But because the whole genome sequence of milkfish is still unknown, it is difficult to study the different molecular pathways involved in milkfish after bacterial exposure. Here, transcriptomic analyses by next-generation sequencing (NGS) were used to identify gene expression in milkfish liver after exposure to bacterial antigens from inactivated A. hydrophila. Obtained reads per individual were assembled de novo and fragments per kilobyte of exon per million mapped reads (FPKM) were measured to identify overall gene expression. Differential expression (DE) was analyzed by Cufflinks-Cuffdiff software. Gene ontology (GO) overrepresentation analysis revealed that milkfish exposed to A. hydrophila altered expression of genes involved in immune response pathways such as T cell and B cell signaling. The most differentially regulated genes include histamine n-methyltransferase (hnmt), nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase b (namptb), poliovirus receptor-related 2 like precursor (pvrl2), and the hepcidin antimicrobial peptide 1 - which are all involved in immunity. Overall, the study showed that milkfish liver contains immune-related genes that respond to bacterial antigens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider the metric of a (2 + 1)-dimensional rotating acoustic black hole in the neo-Newtonian theory to compute the Hawking temperature, and applying the quantum statistical method, we calculate the statistical entropy using a corrected state density due to the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). In our calculations, we have shown that the obtained entropy is finite and correction terms are generated. Moreover, the computation of the entropy for this method does not present logarithmic corrections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider a cosmological setup with inflaton in the presence of a redshift dependent Lorentz-violating time-like background to address the inflationary regime and other phases of the Universe. We also show that the regime of dark energy at large distances (low redshifts) is essentially dominated by the presence of the Lorentz-violating background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce a Lorentz-symmetry violating extended quantum electrodynamics (QED) which preserves gauge symmetry. The extended fermionic sector can radiatively induce an extended effective action which simultaneously displays the same electromagnetic terms present in the Carroll-Field-Jackiw, Myers-Pospelov and Aether actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We perform the perturbative generation of the higher-derivative Chern-Simons contribution to the effective action in the three-dimensional QED at zero and finite temperatures. In the latter case, we show that as the temperature goes to infinity this contribution vanishes. However, as expected, as the temperature goes to zero only the covariant part survives. The noncovariant part contributes only in intermediate temperatures where it presents a maximum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We perform the perturbative generation of the higher-derivative Chern-Simons contribution to the effective action in the three-dimensional QED at zero and finite temperatures. In the latter case, we show that as the temperature goes to infinity this contribution vanishes. However, as expected, as the temperature goes to zero only the covariant part survives. The noncovariant part contributes only in intermediate temperatures where it presents a maximum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We focus on the Hamilton-Jacobi method to determine several thermodynamic quantities such as temperature, entropy, and specific heat of two-dimensional Horava-Lifshitz black holes by using the generalized uncertainty principles (GUP). We also address the product of horizons, mainly concerning the event, Cauchy, and cosmological and virtual horizons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Zambales ophiolite range, terrestrial serpentinizing fluid seeps host diverse microbial assemblages. The fluids fall within the profile of Ca2+-OH--type waters, indicative of active serpentinization, and are low in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) (<0.5 ppm). Influx of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) affects the solubility of calcium carbonate as distance from the source increases, triggering the formation of meter-scale travertine terraces. Samples were collected at the source and along the outflow channel to determine subsurface microbial community response to surface exposure. DNA was extracted and submitted for high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Taxonomic assignment of the sequence data indicates that 8.1% of the total sequence reads at the source of the seep affiliate with the genus Methanobacterium. Other major classes detected at the source include anaerobic taxa such as Bacteroidetes (40.7% of total sequence reads) and Firmicutes (19.1% of total reads). Hydrogenophaga spp. increase in relative abundance as redox potential increases. At the carbonate terrace, 45% of sequence reads affiliate with Meiothermus spp. Taxonomic observations and geochemical data suggest that several putative metabolisms may be favorable, including hydrogen oxidation, H2-associated sulfur cycling, methanogenesis, methanotrophy, nitrogen fixation, ammonia oxidation, denitrification, nitrate respiration, methylotrophy, carbon monoxide respiration, and ferrous iron oxidation, based on capabilities of nearest known neighbors. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy suggest that microbial activity produces chemical and physical traces in the precipitated carbonates forming downstream of the seep's source. These data provide context for future serpentinizing seep ecosystem studies, particularly with regards to tropical biomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we derive Schwarzschild and Kerr-like noncommutative acoustic black hole metrics in the (3 + 1 )-dimensional noncommutative Abelian Higgs model. We have found that the changing δTH in the Hawking temperature TH due to spacetime noncommutativity accounts for supersonic velocities vg whose deviation with respect to the sound speed cs is given in the form (vg - cs)/cs = δTH/8TH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we consider the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) in the tunneling formalism via Hamilton-Jacobi method to determine the quantum-corrected Hawking temperature and entropy for noncommutative BTZ black hole. In our results we obtain several types of corrections including the expected logarithmic correction to the area entropy associated with the noncommutative BTZ black holes. We also show that the area entropy product of the noncommutative BTZ black holes is dependent on mass and by analyzing the nature of the specific heat capacity we have observed that the noncommutative BTZ black hole is stable at some range of parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We here propose to model active and cumulative cases data from COVID-19 by a continuous effective model based on a modified diffusion equation under Lifshitz scaling with a dynamic diffusion coefficient. The proposed model is rich enough to capture different aspects of a complex virus diffusion as humanity has been recently facing. The model being continuous it is bound to be solved analytically and/or numerically. So, we investigate two possible models where the diffusion coefficient associated with possible types of contamination are captured by some specific profiles. The active cases curves here derived were able to successfully describe the pandemic behavior of Germany and Spain. Moreover, we also predict some scenarios for the evolution of COVID-19 in Brazil. Furthermore, we depicted the cumulative cases curves of COVID-19, reproducing the spreading of the pandemic between the cities of São Paulo and São José dos Campos, Brazil. The scenarios also unveil how the lockdown measures can flatten the contamination curves. We can find the best profile of the diffusion coefficient that better fit the real data of pandemic., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)