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This study compared students with specific learning disorders (SLDs) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) based on the Formal Elements Art Therapy Scale (FEATS). Thirty students with SLDs, 30 students with ADHD, and 30 students without SLDs/ADHD in Babol (Iran) completed the Person Picking an Apple from a Tree (PPAT) assessment. Findings revealed: (1) a significant difference between the SLD and non-SLD/ADHD groups in all elements, except for logic and rotation, (2) a significant difference between the ADHD and non-SLD/ADHD groups in all 14 elements of the scale. The inter-rater scoring correlation was significant and high in 14 elements of the scale, except for realism and person. Accordingly, the PPAT shows potential for application in preliminary identification and on-going evaluation.

Aim: Transitional care as the journey between different caregivers in multiple healthcare centres is crucial for the provision of care to people with cancer, but it is often complex and poorly coordinated. This study aimed to analyse the concept of transitional care for people with cancer. Design: Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on the databases of PubMed (including MEDLINE), EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science to retrieve articles published between 2000 and 2022. Results: Twenty‐nine eligible articles were selected and their findings were classified in terms of related concepts and alternative terms, antecedents, attributes and consequences. Attributes included three main categories, namely 'nurse‐related attributes', 'organisation‐related attributes' and 'patient‐related attributes'. Antecedents of transitional care for people with cancer were categorized into two main categories: 'patient‐related antecedents' and 'caregiver‐related antecedents'. Consequences were categorized into 'psychological consequences' and 'objective consequences'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a commonly used biomarker of oxidative stress in clinical studies and has been measured in many pathological conditions during last decades. Different analytical methods have been reported for determination of MDA in biological samples in which MDA was adducted with thiobarbituric acid (TBA) to produce more sensitive chromophore and also convert it to a fluorescent compound. In spite of the routine applications of this derivatization and subsequent analysis of MDA in biomedical studies, its reliability, repeatability and reproducibility is questionable. The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of some factors on the repeatability of MDA determinations in standard solutions and also in plasma samples using spectroscopic method. Methods: MDA-TBA adduct is prepared in standard solutions and the effects of pH, temperature, reaction time, open, closed and reflux systems and the ratio of MDA and TBA is investigated by measuring the absorbance of the solution at 532 nm. These effects are also investigated in human plasma samples. Results: The best results are obtained at pH 2.5, temperature of 70 °C, reaction time of 150 minutes, reflux system and ratio of 2. Conclusion: Using the optimized conditions are resulted in better repeatability.

Background: The issue of climate change has currently become a critical concern for the global community as it affects the transmission and spread of a wide range of diseases. This study aims to examine the literature and scientific evidence concerning the impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases. Materials and Methods: In this review research, a comprehensive search and review of texts was conducted in various databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The MeSH framework was used as the search strategy for articles published from 2009 to 2022. Results: The results showed that weather and environmental factors can have positive or negative effects on the growth rate, mortality, and reproduction of vectors of infectious diseases. Climate changes also affect the transmission of diseases based on an unknown mechanism. In addition, weather crises, such as floods and droughts impact pathogens, vectors, and hosts of diseases. Accordingly, many vector-borne diseases have a high potential for vulnerability to climate and weather conditions because of various animal vectors and hosts. Conclusion: The prevalence and incidence of vector-borne diseases are affected by climate changes, especially parasitic diseases caused by mosquitoes, which are among the diseases sensitive to climate conditions. Therefore, it is essential to understand the mechanism of the relationship between climate change and disease transmission. It is suggested to conduct studies to provide prediction models and temporal-spatial analysis of the impact of climate changes on infectious diseases and disease vectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary standardization of radioactivity is related to the direct measurement of activity in radioactive decay. A large variety of primary standardization techniques have been developed in the past years. The photon-photon coincidence counting is one of the methods for activity determination. This method is particularly applied for the standardization of I-125 using the detection of X-ray and gamma-ray coincident counting. In this paper, a 2D photon-photon coincidence digital system with two similar 2n × 2n NaI(Tl) detectors for absolute activity measurement is developed. The system is established based on a 100 MHz CAEN waveform digitizer (DT5724) which directly records the pre-amplifier output signals of the two NaI(Tl) detectors. The sampled signals was transformed to trapezoidal signals using pulse height analyzer firmware and coincidence events were recorded in a list file. The list file was analyzed offline using a Matlab code to realize correlated gama lines of Co-60 source. The Volkovitsky formulas were used for the activity calculation and the details of the experimental setup were also discussed. Standardization of the two Co-60 standard sources was performed using this system. Results are in good agreement with the reference activity of Co-60 sources. The presented formula can be modified for absolute calibration of the other medical radioisotopes. The technique can be generalized for absolute activity measurement of I-125 which uses for ophthalmic plaque radiation therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acknowledging that hidden constructs underlying teachers' professional identity at a given point of teaching life are presumed to account for their practical qualities, the current study explored the cognitive variations among three groups of Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers with low, moderate, and high degrees of teaching experience. To this end, a convenience sample, including 382 Iranian EFL teachers from 660 branches of five countrywide English language institutions, participated in a sequential explanatory mixedmethod study. In the quantitative phase, the three groups were compared in terms of a linear combination of nine subscales representing teachers' pedagogical knowledge base, using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). As shown by the results, the between-group differences in four of the nine sub-domains yielded a significant between-group gap in the overall level of teacher cognition. These differentiating knowledge areas included knowledge of learning, teaching, classroom management, and professional self. A qualitative follow-up phase was then launched in which a 95-member sample of the participants attended a retrospective interview to delve deeply into the nature of the four differentiating subdomains. The thematic analysis of the interview data divulged the processes and reasons underlying the four differentiating knowledge areas. The differences in knowledge of learning facilitator processes, digital literacy, preferences for classroom management policies, and views on professional relations use were some of the reasons for the quantitative between-group gaps. The findings may have new insights into the exact nature of Iranian EFL teachers' intellectual peculiarities at different stages of a teaching career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to review the literature to introduce some effective plant-derived antioxidants to prevent and treat COVID-19. Natural products from plants are excellent sources to be used for such discoveries. Among different plantderived bioactive substances, components including luteolin, quercetin, glycyrrhizin, andrographolide, patchouli alcohol, baicalin, and baicalein were investigated for several viral infections as well as SARS-COV-2. The mechanisms of effects detected for these agents were related to their antiviral activity through inhibition of viral entry and/or suppuration of virus function. Also, the majority of components exert anti-inflammatory effects and reduce the cytokine storm induced by virus infection. The data from different studies confirmed that these agents may play a critical role against SARS-COVID-2 via direct (antiviral activity) and indirect (antioxidant and anti-inflammatory) mechanisms, suggesting that natural products are a potential option for management of patients with COVID-19 due to the lower side effects and high efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite its enrichment, the literature on teacher self-efficacy lacks evidential data on the changes in both hidden and observable variables underlying this multifaceted construct. To compensate for this substantial gap, the current study compared patterns of cognition, metacognition, emotion, and behavior across three groups of Iranian EFL teachers with scant, moderate, and considerable teaching experience. 382 Iranian EFL teachers participated in the current study, filling out five well-established survey instruments targeted at measuring pedagogical knowledge, teaching reflection, motivational needs satisfaction, teaching styles use, and work engagement. The survey data were compared across the three groups based on a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). According to the results, the groups differed significantly on a linear combination of the five variables. The discriminant function analysis (DFA) results showed that pedagogical knowledge and motivational needs satisfaction acted as a concordant pair and explained the heaviest load of the overall between-group differences. The significantly higher levels of pedagogical knowledge and motivational needs satisfaction among the moderately experienced teachers, compared to those of their less and more experienced counterparts, suggested that Iranian EFL teachers' sense of efficacy reaches its peak in the middle years of teaching life. The findings may provide new insights into the ways of setting English teachers of various experiential backgrounds on the road to optimum efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

So far, the effect of fenofibrate on the performance, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of broilers have not been investigated. For this reason, this study was performed to evaluate the effects of different levels of fenofibrate on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of broilers in a completely randomised design with three treatments, four replicates and 10 one-day-old male Ross 308 strain chicks per replicate for 42 d. Experimental treatments included three levels of fenofibrate (0, 50 and 100 mgkg−1), which were used in combination with the basal diet. Results showed that 100 mgkg−1 fenofibrate in the diet increased the weight gain and European production efficiency factor (EPEF) and reduced feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the whole period compared to the control (p <.05). The effect of experimental treatments on blood serum and immune system parameters other than spleen and bursal weights was not significant (p >.05). The number of E. coli, coliform and clostridium bacteria in the caecum decreased with the use of fenofibrate in comparison with the control group (p <.05), but fenofibrate increased the lactobacilli population in the caecum (p <.05). According to the results, the use of 100 mgkg−1 fenofibrate in the diet is recommended to improve some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of broilers. The accumulation of fat in the body of chickens is an undesirable trait for producers and consumers. Fenofibrate is a derivative of fibric acid and a blood fat-lowering chemical used to lower cholesterol levels in cardiovascular patients. The results of this study showed that the use of fenofibrate is effective in improving performance, and reducing the population of harmful bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the influence of myoinositol (MYO) as an antioxidant on the inhibition of the negative impacts of cryopreservation on sperm quality in men with Asthenospermia was investigated. In this prospective study, each semen sample from 25 cases was separated into three groups: Fresh, Control (with freezing medium), Myoinositol (2 mg/ml). According to the World Health Organization criteria (WHO) (2010), total motility, progressive sperm motility, viability, normal morphology, and DNA integrity were assessed. In addition, the hypo‐osmotic swelling (HOS) test and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were used. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidant enzyme activity were determined by the ELISA method. In contrast to the fresh samples, lipid peroxidation, DNA integrity damage, DNA fragmentation, HOST, and MMP had significant enhancement in the control samples. Sperm quality was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Mean percentage viability, normal morphology, total motility, progressive motility, and DNA integrity were significantly enhanced in the MYO group in comparison to the control group (p < 0.05). The MDA and TAC levels and DNA damage in the MYO group were significantly lower compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The findings confirm that sperm quality in patients with Asthenospermia is improved by the administration of 2 mg/ml of myoinositol together with the freezing medium after sperm cryopreservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Malnutrition is one of the most important public health problems worldwide and has adverse effects on the physical as well as mental capacities of individuals, especially school-age children. This descriptive-analytical study aimed to investigate the nutritional status of primary-school students in urban and rural areas of Abadan. Methods: Multi-stage stratified-cluster and simple random sampling was performed on urban and rural primary school students in Abadan with the demographic information, height, and weight of 1133 students measured. Furthermore, the indices of short stature for age (stunting), low weight for age (underweight), and low weight for height (wasting) in children were calculated and compared with the National Center for Health Statistics standard. Results: The results revealed that the average age of malnourished children was 9.56 years and the average age of normal children was 8.97 years. The malnutrition prevalence among primary school children of Abadan was 8%, and there was a poor correlation between factors such as sex (P = 0/8), place of residence (P = 0/4), plus school place (P = 0/9), and malnutrition, while there was a positive relationship between with the parents' level of education and malnutrition (P = 0/02). Thus, the most influential factor seems to be the parents' level of education and awareness. Conclusion: Steps can be taken to promote the social and cultural level of families and prevent malnutrition as well as improve the nutritional status of society through collaboration among various institutions, holding educational classes with the presence of education departments, and encouraging families. The household economic status is also one of the important factors in the implementation of these educational classes that must be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Iran is exposed to several kinds of hazards throughout the country. Disasters cause mental health distress among survivors and disaster rescuers. Most psychological symptoms may decrease in time, but they could persist for months or even years in some individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the consequences of exposure to traumatic events with its components, which are derived from rescuers' life experiences. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study based on content analysis was conducted according to Landman and Graneheim approach. Through the purposive sampling method, 17 semi-structured interviews were applied until reaching data saturation. Interviews were transcribed verbatim. In the next steps, data condensing, labeling, coding, and defining categories were conducted. Results: Based on the experience of the study participants, two main concepts with four categories and 12 subcategories were developed. Two main concepts included regression and resilience consequences. Conclusion: Emergency departments should be aware of work-related mental health and behavioral problems and provide appropriate support programs to prevent ineffective consequences of incidence scene psychological distress and empower the rescuer's resiliency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compared students with specific learning disorders (SLDs) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) based on the Formal Elements Art Therapy Scale (FEATS). Thirty students with SLDs, 30 students with ADHD, and 30 students without SLDs/ADHD in Babol (Iran) completed the Person Picking an Apple from a Tree (PPAT) assessment. Findings revealed: (1) a significant difference between the SLD and non-SLD/ADHD groups in all elements, except for logic and rotation, (2) a significant difference between the ADHD and non-SLD/ADHD groups in all 14 elements of the scale. The inter-rater scoring correlation was significant and high in 14 elements of the scale, except for realism and person. Accordingly, the PPAT shows potential for application in preliminary identification and on-going evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign inflammatory breast condition, mostly affecting women of reproductive age within a few years of pregnancy. Due to diverse clinical and radiologic features, IGM can mimic a vast spectrum of breast conditions. Therefore, histological findings are one of the most essential bases of diagnosis. Methods: A literature search was performed to review the characteristics of IGM with an emphasis on histopathological features in English sources from 2010 to 2022. The key words used for PubMed database search were "breast", "granulomatous mastitis", "histopathology", and "pathology". Results: In total, 192 articles were retrieved, from which 38 most relevant manuscripts were selected for this review article. Conclusion: The diagnosis of IGM depends on clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings. Palpable mass is the most frequent complaint. An irregular hypoechoic mass with varying degrees of posterior phenomena is the most common sonographic finding. Histologically, IGM is characterized by a non-caseating lobulocentric granulomatous inflammation; composed of tight aggregates of epithelioid histiocytes with or without multinucleated giant cells. At times, the presence of cystic empty vacuoles lined by neutrophils is noted that is commonly associated with cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis (CNGM), a variant of IGM. Atypical findings for IGM includes: The presence of atypia and/or malignancy, caseous necrosis, marked eosinophilic infiltration, absence of granulomatous inflammation, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research results show that the business model, which has received much attention in recent years, has a decisive role in the success of businesses. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize critical factors for business model success. The present study was conducted by the mixed method. The study's statistical population is entrepreneurs, investors, and experts in the information and communication technology industry. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 15 ICT experts. In the quantitative section, 142 questionnaires were collected. An open and axial coding method has been used to analyze the qualitative data. Confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation modeling approach using AMOS software is used in the quantitative part. The results of the quantitative section show that among the factors affecting business model success are dynamics, clear vision and mission, unique value proposition and effective customer relationship, the internal fit of business model elements, difficulty in imitation of business model, and the effective use of resources are essential, respectively. Introduction Businesses face a challenging and rapidly changing environment in today's world. A literature review shows that companies with innovative goods and services have failed. All these failures are due to failure to attract customers and inability to compete. Indicates that a good product, service, or advanced technology does not guarantee success (Teece, 2010: 173). Numerous and valuable studies have been done on why entrepreneurs fail. One of the possible reasons for them is the inability of the business to create a competitive advantage and their failure to design a business model (Morris, Schindehutte & Allen, 2005: 727). A business model is an operational path or method used by a company to provide value to customers. New business models can change the industry's rules by introducing new ways and linking strategy to entrepreneurship (Colabi & Karimirad, 2020: 259). However, despite many studies in the field of business model, a business model is a concept that is not well developed due to the youth of this field of research and its extraction from various fields and the lack of consensus on what it is (Amit & Zott, 2015: 332). A literature review shows an insufficient understanding of the business model (Dasilva & Trkman, 2014: 381). The business model is a vague concept that needs more transparency to develop (Ritter & Lettl, 2018: 2). As a result, there is a need to examine essential variables in business model design to guide managers to improve their business model design (Zott et al., 2011: 1028). However, because the factors influencing the success of the business model have not been explicitly examined by researchers, identifying the key factors influencing the success of the business model will be an essential achievement for the business model literature. As a result, this research question is what are the key factors influencing the business model's success? Case study The statistical population of this research is entrepreneurs, investors, and experts in Information and Communication Technology in Iran. Theoretical framework The business model can define the activities necessary to produce the product and provide an appropriate framework for managers to make decisions (Ladd, 2018: 59). A literature review shows that different researchers have offered various definitions for the business model. Osterwalder (2005) defines the business model as the architecture of the company and the network of partners to create, market, and create value and capital relationships with one or more segments of customers to create profitable and sustainable revenue streams. Entrepreneurs use the business model to describe the company's logic, how it does business, and create value for stakeholders (Aspara, Lamberg, Laukia & Tikkanen, 2013: 461). To maximize the potential of a business model, businesses must be customer-centric, and a business model must be developed to meet customers' specific needs (Liu & Bell, 2019: 517). Methodology This study aims to identify and prioritize the key factors affecting the business model's success. The research method is mixed, and the statistical population of this research is entrepreneurs, investors, and experts in the field of Information and Communication Technology in Iran. Data in the qualitative section has been gathered using a semi-structured interview with 15 experts and entrepreneurs of the ICT industry. In the quantitative area, the views of 142 experts and entrepreneurs of the information and communication technology industry have been gathered using a questionnaire. For analyzing qualitative data, open and axial coding method has been used. In the quantitative part, confirmatory factor analysis was performed by structural equation modeling approach using AMOS version 23 software. Discussion and Results The results of the quantitative section show that among the factors affecting business model success are dynamics, clear vision and mission, unique value proposition and effective customer relationship, the internal fit of business model elements, difficulty in imitation of business model, and the effective use of resources are important, respectively. Conclusion In this study, the factors affecting the success of business model design are investigated. However, it should be noted that there is no such thing as a good business model. Each situation is different and requires another solution, and the design of a business model depends on the situation (Alt & Zimmermann, 2014: 244). Analysis of qualitative research data shows that success factors can be divided into internal fit, clear vision and mission, dynamism, effective use of resources, incredible difficulty, effective customer relations, and unique value proposition. Therefore, the most significant contribution of this research is the introduction of variables to design a successful business model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological revolution in the field of agriculture has tremendously generated huge quantities of waste causing environmental pollution. The agriculture wastes can be categorised into different categories, such as crop waste and residues; cereal by-products; sugar beet pulp, starch and confectionary industry by-products; oil cereal industry by-products; grain and legumes by-products. It was found that the agro-co-products could be recommended in the poultry diet with low-cost advantages alternative to conventional ingredients. Despite of the high fibre content and low nutrient availability that limit the utilisation of these by-products by poultry, the source of by-product, processing method/enzyme supplementation and animal factors found affect the utilisation of agro-industrial by-products by poultry. If we could produce valuable products from agriculture wastes by-products through new technological and scientific applications, these by-products could be converted into products with a higher nutritive value than the main feedstuffs. Therefore, the present paper provides a brief discussion on the utilisation of some agro-processing wastes as a source of nutrients in poultry diets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Pre-hospital personnels (PHPs) who work in disasters under extreme pressure, uncertainty, and complex situations are victims of disasters themselves, and there is a link between experiencing such incidents and mental health problems. Because most studies focus on the injured and less on the psychological issues of PHPs, the present study aimed to develop a model to provide relief for PHPs in disasters from a psychological perspective. Methods: A grounded theory methodology recommended by Corbin and Strauss (2015) was employed. PHPs (n = 24) participated in a semi-structured interview between July 2018 to May 2020. Results: In the analysis of the pre-hospital staff interviews, three main themes were extracted, namely, providing relief with struggle (complexity of incident scenes, command-organizational and occupational challenges), psychological distress (psychological regression and psychological empowerment), and consequences (resilience and job burnout). Seven categories and 22 subcategories were explored from our data via the grounded theory approach Conclusions: The PHPs managed psychological distress with two approaches: psychological self-empowerment and regression, which resulted in resilience and burnout, respectively. Due to the lack of enough support, the resilience of the PHPs was short-term, turned into burnout over time, and affected the structural factors again as a cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal is the property of World Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this work, density functional theory calculations were carried out to explore the mechanical response, dynamical/thermal stability, electronic/optical properties and photocatalytic features of monoclinic As2X3 (X = S, Se and Te) nanosheets. Acquired phonon dispersions and ab initio molecular dynamics results confirm the stability of the studied nanomembranes. Observation of relatively weak interlayer interactions suggests that exfoliation techniques can be potentially employed to fabricate nanomembranes from their bulk counterparts. The studied nanosheets were found to show highly anisotropic mechanical properties. Notably, a new As2Te3 2D lattice predicted by this study is found to exhibit unique superstretchability, which outperforms other 2D materials. In addition, our results on the basis of the HSE06 functional reveal the indirect semiconducting electronic nature for the monolayer to few-layer and bulk structures of As2X3, in which a moderate decreasing trend in the band-gap by increasing the thickness can be established. The studied nanomaterials were found to show remarkably high and anisotropic carrier mobilities. Moreover, optical results show that these nanosheets can absorb visible light. In particular, the valence and conduction band edge positions, high carrier mobilities and optical responses of As2Se3 nanosheets were found to be highly desirable for solar water splitting. The comprehensive vision provided by this study not only confirms the stability and highly attractive electronic and optical characteristics of As2S3, As2Se3 and As2Te3 nanosheets, but also offers new possibilities to design superstretchable nanodevices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Melatonin as an antioxidant agent can have an effective role in lung development. In this study, the effect of melatonin administration on lung injury in the neonate mice was assessed. Materials and Methods: Lung injury was induced by two injections of 15 mg/kg methylazoxymethanol (MAM) on gestational day 15 (E15). Pregnant BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: Control (CO), Melatonin (MEL), Luzindole (Luz), MAM, and MAM+MEL. Melatonin and luzindole were intra-peritoneally injected at a dose of 10 mg/kg (from E15 until delivery). Histopathological changes including: hemorrhage, neutrophils infiltration and fibrosis in the neonate lung were studied by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's Trichrome staining. Alveolarization and alveolar wall thickness were measured. Results: In histological examination, hemorrhage, neutrophils infiltration and fibrosis were seen in the MAM and Luz groups; however, these injuries were attenuated in the MAM plus melatonin group. Significant reduction of alveolarization was recorded in the MAM and Luz groups compared to the control group, while the alveolar wall thickness was significantly increased in these groups compared to control group. Conclusion: Administration of exogenous melatonin in pregnant mice could have a protective effect on the pulmonary development of neonates and could decrease lung injury in neonate mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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