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This study was conducted to identify and characterize the Bacillus strain from Goat’s milk in Algeria and to evaluate the prebiotic effect of H. scoparia aqueous extract and ZnO-NPs on the isolated Bacillus strain. Potentially probiotic bacteria were isolated and identified based on phenotypic characteristics, including the morphological, physiological (growth temperature, salt tolerance), biochemical (API 10S strip kits), and confirmed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Bacillus pumilus specie of lactic acid bacteria were identified. The base pair length of amplified DNA for the isolate was 1500 Bp. The isolates could not grow at 10°C and 45°C and tolerate up to 6% salt. H. scoparia extract and ZnO-NPs have a beneficial effect on the Bacillus pumilus strain for acid tolerance, bile tolerance, and cell surface hydrophobicity respectively; H. scoparia extract and ZnO-NPs results are high comparing to the control group’s results. As the concentration of the tested samples increases, the percentage of probiotic characteristics of Bacillus pumilus increases, in contrast to the control sample. Therefore, they could be useful tools to define adequate combinations in colonic foods development and health benefits. The beneficial physiological and biochemical properties of isolated Bacillus pumilus space from Goat’s milk with the H. scoparia aqueous extract and ZnO-NPs revealed their potential applications in the food industry.

Medicinal plants have played an important influence in the development of human society; they were always at the forefront of all cultures and civilizations as a source of medicine. Medicinal plants are considered rich sources of secondary compounds, and many modern medications are derived from them. Hammada scoparia is a medicinal plant that belongs to the Chenopodiaceae family. It is currently found in North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Libya, and Egypt) and has many medicinal properties used as folk medicine. The present research discusses the phytochemical components and biological activities of Hammada scoparia. The corresponding data were collected from various online databases, new research, and published resources. Different secondary compounds from the species have been documented, including flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins. Pharmacological research has demonstrated that the major bioactives have antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimalarial activities and anticancer, reno-protective, and hepatoprotective effects. In conclusion, this study provides much information about the interests of vegetal species: Hammada scoparia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation was carried out to extract the polyphenols from Cynodon dactylon L. by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and maceration assisted extraction (MAE), and to assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, as well as the evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extracts. The yields of crude extracts were 9.40 % for the MAE extract and 12.52 % for the UAE extract. The results showed that the extract obtained by MAE contains a high level of polyphenols and flavonoids estimated by 42.14 ± 0.75 mg EAG/gE and 23.57 ± 0.78 mg EQ/gE. In contrast, the content of condensed tannins in the extract of UAE (19.34 ± 0.48 mg EC/gE) is higher. The evaluation of the antioxidant activity revealed a considerable antioxidant response, the MAE extract represents the most active extract, with an IC50 =7.52 ± 0.037 mg/mL for the DPPH test, and 15.83 ± 0.37 mg EAA/gE for the FRAP test. The results of antimicrobial activity showed that all the strains targeted have high susceptibility to the two ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon L. The evaluation of cytotoxicity against RBCs was carried, the results shown the non-toxic effect of C. dactylon extracts and hence support its ethnomedicinal application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]