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Objective: To explore the impacts of parental deportation on the health and well-being of U.S. citizen children of Mexican immigrants. Methods: From 2019–2020, this ambi-directional cohort study recruited U.S.-based families with an undocumented Mexican immigrant parent and U.S.-citizen childrens (ages 13–17) recently exposed to parental deportation (N = 61), and similar families without a history of parental deportation (N = 51). Children health, behavioral, economic, and academic outcomes were measured via phone surveys upon enrollment and six months later. A subsample of “exposed” caregivers (N = 14) also completed in-depth semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using fixed-effects regression models and thematic analyses. Results: Childrens exposed to parental deportation had significantly worse health status, behavioral problems, material hardship, and academic outcomes than children in the control arm (p

To promote the resilience and sustainability of coastal social-ecological systems (SES), it is necessary to implement adaptive and participatory management schemes. Successful examples of adaptation to the rapid change in coastal SES exist, but the question of whether these cases may be scalable to other regions and contexts remains. To this end, the present study aimed to identify how successful management strategies implemented in a fishing cooperative in Baja California, Mexico, can be adapted to other coastal SES. In particular, this study aimed to understand whether adaptive co-management of Isla Natividad (IN) could be replicated in Isla Todos Santos (ITS), a biophysically similar coastal SES to IN but with different results with regard to fisheries management. We found that the resource systems and resources in both SESs were similar. However, there were substantial differences with regard to governance and resource users. In Isla Natividad, the level of organization orchestrated by the resource users has contributed to establishing rules and sanctions that have supported the sustainable use of fishery resources. On the contrary, in ITS, the number of resource users and their socioeconomic attributes have impeded the establishment of effective rules or sanctions. The results of this study suggest that the ITS governance system needs to be improved in order to adapt some of the IN management strategies to increase its adaptive capacity. To promote successful adaptive management, it is necessary to develop context-specific adaptive pathways that contribute to greater resilience in the SESs of this region and in other regions that face similar conditions.

La corvina golfina (Cynoscion othonopterus) es una especie endémica del golfo de California y su pesquería es una de las más importantes del Alto Golfo de California. Dos modelos de biomasa dinámica (Schaefer & Pella-Tomlinson) se utilizaron para evaluar el estado del stock al no contar con datos suficientes de edad para una evaluación basada en estructura de edades. Los modelos requirieron series históricas de los índices de abundancia (CPUE) de la pesquería, derivados de los datos de captura y esfuerzo de la pesca comercial (1993-2010). El criterio de información de Akaike indicó que el modelo de Schaefer presentó un mejor ajuste a los datos de la pesquería. El rendimiento máximo sustentable (RMS) estimado con el modelo de Schaefer fue de 3,100 ton, con una biomasa (BRMS) que permitiría obtenerlo de 8,200 ton y con el esfuerzo de pesca (/RMS) de 457 embarcaciones. La mortalidad por pesca (F = 0,43), fue 26,5% más alta que la mortalidad por pesca en el punto de referencia biológico (F0.1 = 0,33). La biomasa promedio del periodo 20062010 fue el 52% de su nivel óptimo (Est2006-2010 < 1). La declinación de la biomasa se aceleró a partir de 1999, en razón del aumento del esfuerzo de pesca. Los resultados indican que el recurso no ha sido saludable a pesar del decreto de la Reserva de la Biósfera, debido a que la zona núcleo no ha sido respetada como zona prohibida para la pesca y por el incremento del esfuerzo pesquero.

This study evaluated an adolescent depression in-service training for school staff in the United States.A total of 252 school staff (e.g., teachers, principals, counselors) completed assessments prior to and following the in-service and a subsample of these staff participated in focus groups following the in-service and three months later.Questionnaire and focus group data suggested that the in-service increased school staff’s perceived awareness and knowledge of adolescent depression and knowledge of how to connect with depressed students, guide their learning process, and connect with students’ parents.School staff viewed the in-service as a valuable tool for their school and provided suggestions for the refinement of the in-service.Finally, perceived changes in teacher behavior were reported three months later. Implications and future directions were presented.

En el proceso de purificación de la 5,7-dimetil-1-(metilen-metil-éter)-2- carboxicromona, separada previamente a partir del líquen Alectoóa scrobiculata se logró aislar un compuesto sólido blanco, soluble en DMSO y etanol, para el cual se propone la estructura de 3-a-hidroxi-5'-metil-4-0-demetilbarbatato de metilo, en base a su comportamiento cromatográfico y sus datos espectrales IR, 1 H-NMR y 13C-NMR.

The objective was to evaluate the nutritional composition and functional potential of quinoa accessions from Cuzco and cultivated in Huancayo. Were evaluated 17 accessions of Huancayo, 7 of low saponin content (< 0.11) and 10 of high. The average results of moisture, protein, fat, ash, crude fiber and carbohydrates were 9.79% ± 0.01, 17.27% ± 0.02, 6.76% ± 0.01, 2.10% ± 0.05, 3.07% ± 0.04 y 70.81% ± 0.11 respectively. The in vitro digestibility of starches and protein was 32.23% ± 0.008 and 83.6% ± 0.002 respectively. The total dietary fiber was 7.44% ± 1.86. In Cuzco accessions, the average results of moisture, protein, fat, ash, crude fiber and carbohydrates were 11.29% ± 0.02, 16.46% ± 0.04, 7.67% ± 0.01, 1,97% ± 0.01, 2.52% ± 0.01 and 71.38% ± 0.04 respectively. The in vitro digestibility of starch and proteins was 72.52% ± 0.001 and 83.53% ± 0.007, respectively. The total dietary fiber was 7.02% ± 1.57. Among the quinoa accessions of Huancayo and their corresponding originals from Cuzco, content of protein, crude fiber, carbohydrates, total dietary fiber, total phenolic compounds, and in vitro digestibility of protein did not show significant differences (p ˃ 0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about the program for the Division of Chemical Education Program for the Fall 2010 ACS National Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts, is presented. One symposium will describe how teachers are using blogs, wikis, Twitter, and other social programs to create a new kind of learning experience.

The objective of the research was to identify mycotoxigenic molds in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), Quinoa seeds were sown in the Coast (Lima) and the Sierra (Huancayo). The moisture content (9.22-15.89%) and the content of saponins (0.17- 1.67%) showed no significant differences between the accessions of Costa and Sierra. The quantification of molds in the Costa accessions showed high counts (75*104-10*104 cfu/g) and low counts in the Sierra (50-150 est. cfu/g), being statistically different. There is a negative linear relationship between the content of saponins and the count of molds and yeasts in both groups of accessions of quinoa. The genera identified in Costa include: Cladosporium (40%), Penicillium (30%), Aspergillus (20%) and Trichotecium (10%) and in Sierra: Cladosporium (50%), Penicillium (14%), Talaromyces (14%), Aspergillus (7%), Alternaria (7%) and Oidium (7%). The "total aflatoxins" for Aspergillus ochraceus (100H53) was 2.2 ppb and for Aspergillus fumigatus (235H70) it was 1.1-1.6 ppb. The "ochratoxin A" for Aspergillus ochraceus (100H53) was 3.7- 18.1 ppb and for Penicillium verrucosum (53H43 and 53H45) it was 1.0 and 1.1 ppb respectively. The "fumonisins" for Alternaria alternata (100H53) was 0.2 ppm, so all the mentioned molds are considered to be mycotoxigenic conditions that allow to establish conditions of control and prevention in foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim objective was evaluated the effect of habitat change on some nutritional and functional characteristics of 16 accessions of quinoa with different content of saponins, collected in the Sierra of Cuzco (3237 m.a.s.l.) and cultivated in the Coast of Lima (235 m.a.s.l.) in Peru was evaluated. Quinoas were washed, dried and ground, for further analysis. The average amount of proteins (18.21±1.00%), ashes (3.33±0.51%) and total dietary fiber (12.94±1.40%), of the crops of the Coast, were significantly higher (p value <α (0.05)), than their original homologs of the Sierra (15.68±1.57%, 2.40±0.23% and 10.56±1.01% , respectively); while the average amount of Carbohydrates (69.74±1.32%), in vitro starch digestibility levels (46.97±23.40%) and in vitro protein digestibility levels (63.62 ± 4.32%), were significantly lower than the original quinoas of the Sierra (72.19±3.01%, 59.16±23.94%, 67.21±6.28%, respectively). Fat, fiber, total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity levels did not show significant changes when changing habitat. The habitat change is proved to be an influence on some nutritional and functional characteristics of the quinoa beans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Reactions of Cu(ClO4)2⋅6H2O with 2,6‐bis(3,5‐dimethylpirazol‐1‐ylmethyl)pyridine (dmpz‐py) (1), 2,6‐bis(4‐iodo‐3,5‐dimethylpirazol‐1‐ylmethyl)pyridine (I‐dmpz‐py) (2) and 2,6‐bis(4‐nitro‐3,5‐dimethylpirazol‐1‐ylmethyl)pyridine (NO2‐dmpz‐py) (3) yield the corresponding metal complexes: [Cu(dmpz‐py)(H2O)(ClO4)]ClO4 (4), [Cu(I‐dmpz‐py)(H2O)](ClO4)2 (5) and [Cu(NO2‐dmpz‐py)(H2O)(ClO4)2] (6). The complexes were isolated in high yields as stable solids at room temperature and characterized by melting point, electrical conductivity, and infrared and ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy. In addition, the crystal structures of the new complexes were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and showed square‐base pyramidal (4), distorted square‐planar (5) and octahedral (6) geometries. All three complexes were active in the ring opening polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactone under solvent‐free conditions, producing polycaprolactones of narrow polydispersity and high crystallinity. The results obtained show an important increase in polymerization speed compared with analogous azole‐derived copper (II) complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We prepared a series of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composites with a novel one dimensional coordination polymer copper-4,4′-trimethylenedipyridine (CU-TMDP). The CU-TMDP was sonicated in a methyl methacrylate monomer and polymerized in situ. Thermal, mechanical and optical properties of CU-TMDP–PMMA composites were probed via optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), microhardness, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The CU-TMDP was characterized by X-ray crystallography. The functionality of the CU-TMDP interacted with the polymer matrix such that mechanical properties are tuned by varying CU-TMDP loadings. The data point to the fact that interactions are primarily due to London dispersion forces or dipole–dipole interactions. This initial study forms the basis for future applications requiring tailored mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A partir del liquen Usnea sp. de la zona de Ingenio, Huancayo, se logró aislar, aplicanmdo técnicas de extracción, recristalización y cromatografía CCD y CC, seis compuestos: ácido (-) - úsnico (compuesto mayoritario), ácido 5-(B-oxopropil)-4-0-dimetilbarbático, 1´-oxo-4´-hidroxi-Filoquinona, 1´-oxo-4´-hidroxi-6`-eno-Filoquinona, un pigmento de naturaleza 1,4-naftoquinónica y un posible derivado ácido del orcinol. Todos ellos fueron analizados por sus propiedades físicas, cromotográficas y espectroscópicas.

Many countries face the problem of agroindustrial waste elimination, which is linked to environmental damage caused by improper waste management. These wastes contain bioactive compounds often discarded due to a lack of knowledge. The objective of this study was to analyze five types of agroindustrial waste from Peru, including avocado (Persea americana) seeds, lucuma (Pouteria lucuma) seeds, grape (Vitis vinifera) pomace, mango (Mangifera indica) peel, and cocoa (Theobroma cacao) pods. This study includes proximal analysis, determination of total phenolic compound content, analysis of phenolic compounds by UHPLC– Q/Orbitrap/ESIMS/MS (Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry), and the evaluation of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities of different samples. The results showed that lucuma seeds had the highest protein content of 6.59 g/100 g DW. Mango peels showed the highest fat content of 4.89 g/100 g DW, cocoa pods had the highest crude fiber content of 26.91 g/100 g DW, and cocoa pods exhibited the highest ash content of 7.14 g/100 g DW. The highest carbohydrate content was found in avocado seeds at 85.85 g/100 g DW. Mango peels (56.66 mg GAE/g DW), avocado seeds (56.35 mg GAE/g DW), and cocoa pods (51.52 mg GAE/g DW) extracts showed the highest phenolic compound contents. Mango peel extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activities evaluated by the ABTS (995.01 μmol TEAC/g DW), DPPH (953.54 μmol TEAC/g DW), and FRAP (1661.13 μmol TEAC/g DW) assays. Extracts from cocoa pods, grape pomace, and lucuma seeds showed inhibitory activity on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In contrast, the extract of lucuma seeds was the only one that showed antifungal activity over Penicillium digitatum. As a result, several phenolic compounds were detected in each, indicating their potential use in developing functional foods and food preservation, among other applications.

The presence of chemical contaminants in agricultural products is a continued food-safety challenge in Peru. This country has robust agriculture potential, but its output of fruits and vegetables is severely impacted by massive mining activities, as well as poor farming practices, including the use of polluted irrigation water, misuse of pesticides, and inadequate postharvest conditions. This review examines the current scientific knowledge on the levels of pesticide residues, heavy metals, and mycotoxins on crops produced in Peru. The available data shows that several crop varieties are contaminated with these classes of chemical contaminants, and at levels that exceed the national and international permissible limits. The abundance of chemical contaminants in produce indicates a relevant food-safety issue, which increases the risks of chronic human diseases, like cancer—a leading cause of death in Peru. Finally, this review presents recommendations to address these contamination problems in produce grown in the Andean country.