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A new solid solution based on general formula Ba 4 In 2- x Mn x O 7+ y (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) has been successfully synthesized by the sol-gel method. The compounds exhibited grass green to olive colors. The origin of the color apparently due to the presence of Mn4+ as a chromophore in square pyramidal coordination. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the space group of all samples is I 4/ mmm. The oxidation state of Mn ion is confirmed to be +4 from the results of magnetization measurements and X-ray photoelectronic spectra (XPS). The color of Ba 4 In 2 O 7 is white. With a small amount of Mn substitution, the color of Ba 4 In 2- x Mn x O 7+ y solid solution changes to grass green, and it turned to olive green when x = 0.2. The UV–Vis absorbance spectra revealed that the absorption peaks are fitted with d3 (Mn4+) configuration in the square pyramid, and the mechanism of color is explained. [Display omitted] • Novel grass green Ba 4 In 2- x Mn x O 7+ y was synthesized by a sol-gel method. • The XPS and magnetic measurement confirmed the existence of Mn4+. • Mn4+ is proved to be in the unique square pyramid coordination. • The grass green color is rooted in the d-d transition of Mn4+ in square pyramids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dabie Banda virus (DBV), a tick-borne pathogen, was first identified in China in 2009 and causes profound symptoms including fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and multi-organ dysfunction, which is known as severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). In the last decade, global incidence and mortality of SFTS increased significantly, especially in East Asia. Though previous studies provide understandings of clinical and immunological characteristics of SFTS development, comprehensive insight of antiviral immunity response is still lacking. Here, we intensively discuss the antiviral immune response after DBV infection by integrating previous ex- and in-vivo studies, including innate and adaptive immune responses, anti-viral immune responses and long-term immune characters. A comprehensive overview of potential immune targets for clinical trials is provided as well. However, development of novel strategies for improving the prognosis of the disease remains on challenge. The current review may shed light on the establishment of immunological interventions for the critical disease SFTS., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Niu, Liu, Huang, Liu, Cheng, Liu, Ning and Chen.)

Background: Super enhancers (SEs) refer to the ultralong regions of a gene accompanied by multiple transcription factors and cofactors and strongly drive the expression of cell-type-related genes. Recent studies have demonstrated that SEs play crucial roles in regulating gene expression related to cell cycle progression and transcription. Aberrant activation of SEs is closely related to the occurrence and development of liver disease. Liver disease, especially liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), constitutes a major class of diseases that seriously endanger human health. Currently, therapeutic strategies targeting SEs can dramatically prevent disease progression and improve the prognosis of animal models. The associated new approaches to the treatment of related liver disease are relatively new and need systematic elaboration., Objectives: In this review, we elaborate on the features of SEs and discuss their function in liver disease. Additionally, we review their application prospects in clinical practice in the future. The article would be of interest to hepatologists, molecular biologists, clinicians, and all those concerned with targeted therapy and prognosis of liver disease., Methodology: We searched three bibliographic databases (Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, PubMed) from 01/1981 to 06/2022 for peer-reviewed scientific publications focused on (1) gene treatment of liver disease; (2) current status of SE research; and (3) targeting SEs for liver disease. We included English language original studies only., Results: The number of published studies considering the role of enhancers in liver disease is considerable. Since SEs were just defined in 2013, the corresponding data on SEs are scarce: approximately 50 papers found in bibliographic databases on the correlation between enhancers (or SEs) and liver disease. Remarkably, half of these papers were published in the past three years, indicating the growing interest of the scientific community in this issue. Studies have shown that treatments targeting components of SEs can improve outcomes in liver disease in animal and clinical trials., Conclusions: The treatment of liver disease is facing a bottleneck, and new treatments are needed. Therapeutic regimens targeting SEs have an important role in the treatment of liver disease. However, given the off-target effect of gene therapy and the lack of clinical trials, the available experimental data are still fragmented and controversial., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests., (©2023 Yang et al.)