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23 results on '"Claudia Schurmann"'

1. Genetic insights into resting heart rate and its role in cardiovascular disease

Author

Yordi J. van de Vegte, Ruben N. Eppinga, M. Yldau van der Ende, Yanick P. Hagemeijer, Yuvaraj Mahendran, Elias Salfati, Albert V. Smith, Vanessa Y. Tan, Dan E. Arking, Ioanna Ntalla, Emil V. Appel, Claudia Schurmann, Jennifer A. Brody, Rico Rueedi, Ozren Polasek, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Cecile Lecoeur, Claes Ladenvall, Jing Hua Zhao, Aaron Isaacs, Lihua Wang, Jian’an Luan, Shih-Jen Hwang, Nina Mononen, Kirsi Auro, Anne U. Jackson, Lawrence F. Bielak, Linyao Zeng, Nabi Shah, Maria Nethander, Archie Campbell, Tuomo Rankinen, Sonali Pechlivanis, Lu Qi, Wei Zhao, Federica Rizzi, Toshiko Tanaka, Antonietta Robino, Massimiliano Cocca, Leslie Lange, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Carolina Roselli, Weihua Zhang, Marcus E. Kleber, Xiuqing Guo, Henry J. Lin, Francesca Pavani, Tessel E. Galesloot, Raymond Noordam, Yuri Milaneschi, Katharina E. Schraut, Marcel den Hoed, Frauke Degenhardt, Stella Trompet, Marten E. van den Berg, Giorgio Pistis, Yih-Chung Tham, Stefan Weiss, Xueling S. Sim, Hengtong L. Li, Peter J. van der Most, Ilja M. Nolte, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, M. Abdullah Said, Daniel R. Witte, Carlos Iribarren, Lenore Launer, Susan M. Ring, Paul S. de Vries, Peter Sever, Allan Linneberg, Erwin P. Bottinger, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Bruce M. Psaty, Nona Sotoodehnia, Ivana Kolcic, The DCCT/EDIC Research Group, David O. Arnar, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Hilma Holm, Beverley Balkau, Claudia T. Silva, Christopher H. Newton-Cheh, Kjell Nikus, Perttu Salo, Karen L. Mohlke, Patricia A. Peyser, Heribert Schunkert, Mattias Lorentzon, Jari Lahti, Dabeeru C. Rao, Marilyn C. Cornelis, Jessica D. Faul, Jennifer A. Smith, Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek, Stefania Bandinelli, Maria Pina Concas, Gianfranco Sinagra, Thomas Meitinger, Melanie Waldenberger, Moritz F. Sinner, Konstantin Strauch, Graciela E. Delgado, Kent D. Taylor, Jie Yao, Luisa Foco, Olle Melander, Jacqueline de Graaf, Renée de Mutsert, Eco J. C. de Geus, Åsa Johansson, Peter K. Joshi, Lars Lind, Andre Franke, Peter W. Macfarlane, Kirill V. Tarasov, Nicholas Tan, Stephan B. Felix, E-Shyong Tai, Debra Q. Quek, Harold Snieder, Johan Ormel, Martin Ingelsson, Cecilia Lindgren, Andrew P. Morris, Olli T. Raitakari, Torben Hansen, Themistocles Assimes, Vilmundur Gudnason, Nicholas J. Timpson, Alanna C. Morrison, Patricia B. Munroe, David P. Strachan, Niels Grarup, Ruth J. F. Loos, Susan R. Heckbert, Peter Vollenweider, Caroline Hayward, Kari Stefansson, Philippe Froguel, Leif Groop, Nicholas J. Wareham, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Mary F. Feitosa, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Mika Kähönen, Markus Perola, Michael Boehnke, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Jeanette Erdmann, Colin N. A. Palmer, Claes Ohlsson, David J. Porteous, Johan G. Eriksson, Claude Bouchard, Susanne Moebus, Peter Kraft, David R. Weir, Daniele Cusi, Luigi Ferrucci, Sheila Ulivi, Giorgia Girotto, Adolfo Correa, Stefan Kääb, Annette Peters, John C. Chambers, Jaspal S. Kooner, Winfried März, Jerome I. Rotter, Andrew A. Hicks, J. Gustav Smith, Lambertus A. L. M. Kiemeney, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Ulf Gyllensten, James F. Wilson, Stephen Burgess, Johan Sundström, Wolfgang Lieb, J. Wouter Jukema, Mark Eijgelsheim, Edward L. M. Lakatta, Ching-Yu Cheng, Marcus Dörr, Tien-Yin Wong, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Harriette Riese, Terho Lehtimäki, Niek Verweij, and Pim van der Harst

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular diseases and mortality in observational and Mendelian randomization studies. The aims of this study are to extend the number of resting heart rate associated genetic variants and to obtain further insights in resting heart rate biology and its clinical consequences. A genome-wide meta-analysis of 100 studies in up to 835,465 individuals reveals 493 independent genetic variants in 352 loci, including 68 genetic variants outside previously identified resting heart rate associated loci. We prioritize 670 genes and in silico annotations point to their enrichment in cardiomyocytes and provide insights in their ECG signature. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses indicate that higher genetically predicted resting heart rate increases risk of dilated cardiomyopathy, but decreases risk of developing atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, and cardio-embolic stroke. We do not find evidence for a linear or non-linear genetic association between resting heart rate and all-cause mortality in contrast to our previous Mendelian randomization study. Systematic alteration of key differences between the current and previous Mendelian randomization study indicates that the most likely cause of the discrepancy between these studies arises from false positive findings in previous one-sample MR analyses caused by weak-instrument bias at lower P-value thresholds. The results extend our understanding of resting heart rate biology and give additional insights in its role in cardiovascular disease development.

Published
2023
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2. Mendelian randomization indicates causal effects of estradiol levels on kidney function in males

Author

M. Kamal Nasr, Claudia Schurmann, Erwin P. Böttinger, and Alexander Teumer

Subjects
glomerular filtration rate, steroids, albuminuria, genome-wide association study, causality, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract

ContextChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health burden worldwide. Epidemiological studies observed an association between sex hormones, including estradiol, and kidney function.ObjectiveWe conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to assess a possible causal effect of estradiol levels on kidney function in males and females.DesignWe performed a bidirectional two-sample MR using published genetic associations of serum levels of estradiol in men (n = 206,927) and women (n = 229,966), and of kidney traits represented by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, n = 567,460), urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR, n = 547,361), and CKD (n = 41,395 cases and n = 439,303 controls) using data obtained from the CKDGen Consortium. Additionally, we conducted a genome-wide association study using UK Biobank cohort study data (n = 11,798 men and n = 6,835 women) to identify novel genetic associations with levels of estradiol, and then used these variants as instruments in a one-sample MR.ResultsThe two-sample MR indicated that genetically predicted estradiol levels are significantly associated with eGFR in men (beta = 0.077; p = 5.2E-05). We identified a single locus at chromosome 14 associated with estradiol levels in men being significant in the one-sample MR on eGFR (beta = 0.199; p = 0.017). We revealed significant results with eGFR in postmenopausal women and with UACR in premenopausal women, which did not reach statistical significance in the sensitivity MR analyses. No causal effect of eGFR or UACR on estradiol levels was found.ConclusionsWe conclude that serum estradiol levels may have a causal effect on kidney function. Our MR results provide starting points for studies to develop therapeutic strategies to reduce kidney disease.

Published
2023
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3. Implementation and evaluation of personal genetic testing as part of genomics analysis courses in German universities

Author

Tamara Slosarek, Susanne Ibing, Barbara Schormair, Henrike O. Heyne, Erwin P. Böttinger, Till F. M. Andlauer, and Claudia Schurmann

Subjects
Genomics education, Personal genotyping, Personalized medicine, Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Purpose Due to the increasing application of genome analysis and interpretation in medical disciplines, professionals require adequate education. Here, we present the implementation of personal genotyping as an educational tool in two genomics courses targeting Digital Health students at the Hasso Plattner Institute (HPI) and medical students at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). Methods We compared and evaluated the courses and the students’ perceptions on the course setup using questionnaires. Results During the course, students changed their attitudes towards genotyping (HPI: 79% [15 of 19], TUM: 47% [25 of 53]). Predominantly, students became more critical of personal genotyping (HPI: 73% [11 of 15], TUM: 72% [18 of 25]) and most students stated that genetic analyses should not be allowed without genetic counseling (HPI: 79% [15 of 19], TUM: 70% [37 of 53]). Students found the personal genotyping component useful (HPI: 89% [17 of 19], TUM: 92% [49 of 53]) and recommended its inclusion in future courses (HPI: 95% [18 of 19], TUM: 98% [52 of 53]). Conclusion Students perceived the personal genotyping component as valuable in the described genomics courses. The implementation described here can serve as an example for future courses in Europe.

Published
2023
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4. ANGPTL7, a therapeutic target for increased intraocular pressure and glaucoma

Author

Kavita Praveen, Gaurang C. Patel, Lauren Gurski, Ariane H. Ayer, Trikaladarshi Persaud, Matthew D. Still, Lawrence Miloscio, Tavé Van Zyl, Silvio Alessandro Di Gioia, Ben Brumpton, Kristi Krebs, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Esteban Chen, Venkata R. M. Chavali, Wen Fury, Harini V. Gudiseva, Sarah Hyde, Eric Jorgenson, Stephanie Lefebvre, Dadong Li, Alexander Li, James Mclninch, Brijeshkumar Patel, Jeremy S. Rabinowitz, Rebecca Salowe, Claudia Schurmann, Anne-Sofie Seidelin, Eli Stahl, Dylan Sun, Tanya M. Teslovich, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, Cristen Willer, Scott Waldron, Sabrina Walley, Hua Yang, Sarthak Zaveri, Regeneron Genetics Center, GHS-RGC DiscovEHR Collaboration, Estonian Biobank Research Team, Ying Hu, Kristian Hveem, Olle Melander, Lili Milani, Stefan Stender, Joan M. O’Brien, Marcus B. Jones, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Michael N. Cantor, Jonathan Weyne, Katia Karalis, Aris Economides, Giusy Della Gatta, Manuel A. Ferreira, George D. Yancopoulos, Aris Baras, Carmelo Romano, and Giovanni Coppola

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Rare variant association data from human genetics combined with in vitro and in vivo functional validation highlight ANGPTL7 as a promising therapeutic target for intraocular pressure reduction, and protection from glaucoma.

Published
2022
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5. Genetic analyses of the electrocardiographic QT interval and its components identify additional loci and pathways

Author

William J. Young, Najim Lahrouchi, Aaron Isaacs, ThuyVy Duong, Luisa Foco, Farah Ahmed, Jennifer A. Brody, Reem Salman, Raymond Noordam, Jan-Walter Benjamins, Jeffrey Haessler, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Linda Repetto, Maria Pina Concas, Marten E. van den Berg, Stefan Weiss, Antoine R. Baldassari, Traci M. Bartz, James P. Cook, Daniel S. Evans, Rebecca Freudling, Oliver Hines, Jonas L. Isaksen, Honghuang Lin, Hao Mei, Arden Moscati, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Casia Nursyifa, Yong Qian, Anne Richmond, Carolina Roselli, Kathleen A. Ryan, Eduardo Tarazona-Santos, Sébastien Thériault, Stefan van Duijvenboden, Helen R. Warren, Jie Yao, Dania Raza, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Gustav Ahlberg, Alvaro Alonso, Laura Andreasen, Joshua C. Bis, Eric Boerwinkle, Archie Campbell, Eulalia Catamo, Massimiliano Cocca, Michael J. Cutler, Dawood Darbar, Alessandro De Grandi, Antonio De Luca, Jun Ding, Christina Ellervik, Patrick T. Ellinor, Stephan B. Felix, Philippe Froguel, Christian Fuchsberger, Martin Gögele, Claus Graff, Mariaelisa Graff, Xiuqing Guo, Torben Hansen, Susan R. Heckbert, Paul L. Huang, Heikki V. Huikuri, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, M. Arfan Ikram, Rebecca D. Jackson, Juhani Junttila, Maryam Kavousi, Jan A. Kors, Thiago P. Leal, Rozenn N. Lemaitre, Henry J. Lin, Lars Lind, Allan Linneberg, Simin Liu, Peter W. MacFarlane, Massimo Mangino, Thomas Meitinger, Massimo Mezzavilla, Pashupati P. Mishra, Rebecca N. Mitchell, Nina Mononen, May E. Montasser, Alanna C. Morrison, Matthias Nauck, Victor Nauffal, Pau Navarro, Kjell Nikus, Guillaume Pare, Kristen K. Patton, Giulia Pelliccione, Alan Pittman, David J. Porteous, Peter P. Pramstaller, Michael H. Preuss, Olli T. Raitakari, Alexander P. Reiner, Antonio Luiz P. Ribeiro, Kenneth M. Rice, Lorenz Risch, David Schlessinger, Ulrich Schotten, Claudia Schurmann, Xia Shen, M. Benjamin Shoemaker, Gianfranco Sinagra, Moritz F. Sinner, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Monika Stoll, Konstantin Strauch, Kirill Tarasov, Kent D. Taylor, Andrew Tinker, Stella Trompet, André Uitterlinden, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Melanie Waldenberger, Lu-Chen Weng, Eric A. Whitsel, James G. Wilson, Christy L. Avery, David Conen, Adolfo Correa, Francesco Cucca, Marcus Dörr, Sina A. Gharib, Giorgia Girotto, Niels Grarup, Caroline Hayward, Yalda Jamshidi, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, J. Wouter Jukema, Stefan Kääb, Mika Kähönen, Jørgen K. Kanters, Charles Kooperberg, Terho Lehtimäki, Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa, Yongmei Liu, Ruth J. F. Loos, Steven A. Lubitz, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Andrew P. Morris, Jeffrey R. O’Connell, Morten Salling Olesen, Michele Orini, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Cristian Pattaro, Annette Peters, Bruce M. Psaty, Jerome I. Rotter, Bruno Stricker, Pim van der Harst, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Niek Verweij, James F. Wilson, Dan E. Arking, Julia Ramirez, Pier D. Lambiase, Nona Sotoodehnia, Borbala Mifsud, Christopher Newton-Cheh, and Patricia B. Munroe

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The QT interval is a heritable electrocardiographic measure associated with arrhythmia risk when prolonged. Here, the authors used a series of genetic analyses to identify genetic loci, pathways, therapeutic targets, and relationships with cardiovascular disease.

Published
2022
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6. Determinants of penetrance and variable expressivity in monogenic metabolic conditions across 77,184 exomes

Author

Julia K. Goodrich, Moriel Singer-Berk, Rachel Son, Abigail Sveden, Jordan Wood, Eleina England, Joanne B. Cole, Ben Weisburd, Nick Watts, Lizz Caulkins, Peter Dornbos, Ryan Koesterer, Zachary Zappala, Haichen Zhang, Kristin A. Maloney, Andy Dahl, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Gil Atzmon, Francisco Barajas-Olmos, Nir Barzilai, John Blangero, Eric Boerwinkle, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Erwin Bottinger, Donald W. Bowden, Federico Centeno-Cruz, John C. Chambers, Nathalie Chami, Edmund Chan, Juliana Chan, Ching-Yu Cheng, Yoon Shin Cho, Cecilia Contreras-Cubas, Emilio Córdova, Adolfo Correa, Ralph A. DeFronzo, Ravindranath Duggirala, Josée Dupuis, Ma Eugenia Garay-Sevilla, Humberto García-Ortiz, Christian Gieger, Benjamin Glaser, Clicerio González-Villalpando, Ma Elena Gonzalez, Niels Grarup, Leif Groop, Myron Gross, Christopher Haiman, Sohee Han, Craig L. Hanis, Torben Hansen, Nancy L. Heard-Costa, Brian E. Henderson, Juan Manuel Malacara Hernandez, Mi Yeong Hwang, Sergio Islas-Andrade, Marit E. Jørgensen, Hyun Min Kang, Bong-Jo Kim, Young Jin Kim, Heikki A. Koistinen, Jaspal Singh Kooner, Johanna Kuusisto, Soo-Heon Kwak, Markku Laakso, Leslie Lange, Jong-Young Lee, Juyoung Lee, Donna M. Lehman, Allan Linneberg, Jianjun Liu, Ruth J. F. Loos, Valeriya Lyssenko, Ronald C. W. Ma, Angélica Martínez-Hernández, James B. Meigs, Thomas Meitinger, Elvia Mendoza-Caamal, Karen L. Mohlke, Andrew D. Morris, Alanna C. Morrison, Maggie C. Y. Ng, Peter M. Nilsson, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Lorena Orozco, Colin N. A. Palmer, Kyong Soo Park, Wendy S. Post, Oluf Pedersen, Michael Preuss, Bruce M. Psaty, Alexander P. Reiner, Cristina Revilla-Monsalve, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome I. Rotter, Danish Saleheen, Claudia Schurmann, Xueling Sim, Rob Sladek, Kerrin S. Small, Wing Yee So, Timothy D. Spector, Konstantin Strauch, Tim M. Strom, E. Shyong Tai, Claudia H. T. Tam, Yik Ying Teo, Farook Thameem, Brian Tomlinson, Russell P. Tracy, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Teresa Tusié-Luna, Rob M. van Dam, Ramachandran S. Vasan, James G. Wilson, Daniel R. Witte, Tien-Yin Wong, AMP-T2D-GENES Consortia, Noël P. Burtt, Noah Zaitlen, Mark I. McCarthy, Michael Boehnke, Toni I. Pollin, Jason Flannick, Josep M. Mercader, Anne O’Donnell-Luria, Samantha Baxter, Jose C. Florez, Daniel G. MacArthur, and Miriam S. Udler

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Penetrance of variants in monogenic disease and clinical utility of common polygenic variation has not been well explored on a large-scale. Here, the authors use exome sequencing data from 77,184 individuals to generate penetrance estimates and assess the utility of polygenic variation in risk prediction of monogenic variants.

Published
2021
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7. Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes

Author

David W Clark, Yukinori Okada, Kristjan H S Moore, Dan Mason, Nicola Pirastu, Ilaria Gandin, Hannele Mattsson, Catriona L K Barnes, Kuang Lin, Jing Hua Zhao, Patrick Deelen, Rebecca Rohde, Claudia Schurmann, Xiuqing Guo, Franco Giulianini, Weihua Zhang, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Robert Karlsson, Yanchun Bao, Traci M Bartz, Clemens Baumbach, Ginevra Biino, Matthew J Bixley, Marco Brumat, Jin-Fang Chai, Tanguy Corre, Diana L Cousminer, Annelot M Dekker, David A Eccles, Kristel R van Eijk, Christian Fuchsberger, He Gao, Marine Germain, Scott D Gordon, Hugoline G de Haan, Sarah E Harris, Edith Hofer, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Catherine Igartua, Iris E Jansen, Yucheng Jia, Tim Kacprowski, Torgny Karlsson, Marcus E Kleber, Shengchao Alfred Li, Ruifang Li-Gao, Anubha Mahajan, Koichi Matsuda, Karina Meidtner, Weihua Meng, May E Montasser, Peter J van der Most, Matthias Munz, Teresa Nutile, Teemu Palviainen, Gauri Prasad, Rashmi B Prasad, Tallapragada Divya Sri Priyanka, Federica Rizzi, Erika Salvi, Bishwa R Sapkota, Daniel Shriner, Line Skotte, Melissa C Smart, Albert Vernon Smith, Ashley van der Spek, Cassandra N Spracklen, Rona J Strawbridge, Salman M Tajuddin, Stella Trompet, Constance Turman, Niek Verweij, Clara Viberti, Lihua Wang, Helen R Warren, Robyn E Wootton, Lisa R Yanek, Jie Yao, Noha A Yousri, Wei Zhao, Adebowale A Adeyemo, Saima Afaq, Carlos Alberto Aguilar-Salinas, Masato Akiyama, Matthew L Albert, Matthew A Allison, Maris Alver, Tin Aung, Fereidoun Azizi, Amy R Bentley, Heiner Boeing, Eric Boerwinkle, Judith B Borja, Gert J de Borst, Erwin P Bottinger, Linda Broer, Harry Campbell, Stephen Chanock, Miao-Li Chee, Guanjie Chen, Yii-Der I Chen, Zhengming Chen, Yen-Feng Chiu, Massimiliano Cocca, Francis S Collins, Maria Pina Concas, Janie Corley, Giovanni Cugliari, Rob M van Dam, Anna Damulina, Maryam S Daneshpour, Felix R Day, Graciela E Delgado, Klodian Dhana, Alexander S F Doney, Marcus Dörr, Ayo P Doumatey, Nduna Dzimiri, S Sunna Ebenesersdóttir, Joshua Elliott, Paul Elliott, Ralf Ewert, Janine F Felix, Krista Fischer, Barry I Freedman, Giorgia Girotto, Anuj Goel, Martin Gögele, Mark O Goodarzi, Mariaelisa Graff, Einat Granot-Hershkovitz, Francine Grodstein, Simonetta Guarrera, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Kamran Guity, Bjarni Gunnarsson, Yu Guo, Saskia P Hagenaars, Christopher A Haiman, Avner Halevy, Tamara B Harris, Mehdi Hedayati, David A van Heel, Makoto Hirata, Imo Höfer, Chao Agnes Hsiung, Jinyan Huang, Yi-Jen Hung, M Arfan Ikram, Anuradha Jagadeesan, Pekka Jousilahti, Yoichiro Kamatani, Masahiro Kanai, Nicola D Kerrison, Thorsten Kessler, Kay-Tee Khaw, Chiea Chuen Khor, Dominique P V de Kleijn, Woon-Puay Koh, Ivana Kolcic, Peter Kraft, Bernhard K Krämer, Zoltán Kutalik, Johanna Kuusisto, Claudia Langenberg, Lenore J Launer, Deborah A Lawlor, I-Te Lee, Wen-Jane Lee, Markus M Lerch, Liming Li, Jianjun Liu, Marie Loh, Stephanie J London, Stephanie Loomis, Yingchang Lu, Jian’an Luan, Reedik Mägi, Ani W Manichaikul, Paolo Manunta, Gísli Másson, Nana Matoba, Xue W Mei, Christa Meisinger, Thomas Meitinger, Massimo Mezzavilla, Lili Milani, Iona Y Millwood, Yukihide Momozawa, Amy Moore, Pierre-Emmanuel Morange, Hortensia Moreno-Macías, Trevor A Mori, Alanna C Morrison, Taulant Muka, Yoshinori Murakami, Alison D Murray, Renée de Mutsert, Josyf C Mychaleckyj, Mike A Nalls, Matthias Nauck, Matt J Neville, Ilja M Nolte, Ken K Ong, Lorena Orozco, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Gunnar Pálsson, James S Pankow, Cristian Pattaro, Alison Pattie, Ozren Polasek, Neil Poulter, Peter P Pramstaller, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Katri Räikkönen, Sarju Ralhan, Dabeeru C Rao, Wouter van Rheenen, Stephen S Rich, Paul M Ridker, Cornelius A Rietveld, Antonietta Robino, Frank J A van Rooij, Daniela Ruggiero, Yasaman Saba, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Maria Sabater-Lleal, Cinzia Felicita Sala, Veikko Salomaa, Kevin Sandow, Helena Schmidt, Laura J Scott, William R Scott, Bahareh Sedaghati-Khayat, Bengt Sennblad, Jessica van Setten, Peter J Sever, Wayne H-H Sheu, Yuan Shi, Smeeta Shrestha, Sharvari Rahul Shukla, Jon K Sigurdsson, Timo Tonis Sikka, Jai Rup Singh, Blair H Smith, Alena Stančáková, Alice Stanton, John M Starr, Lilja Stefansdottir, Leon Straker, Patrick Sulem, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Morris A Swertz, Adele M Taylor, Kent D Taylor, Natalie Terzikhan, Yih-Chung Tham, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Annika Tillander, Russell P Tracy, Teresa Tusié-Luna, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Simona Vaccargiu, Jagadish Vangipurapu, Jan H Veldink, Veronique Vitart, Uwe Völker, Eero Vuoksimaa, Salma M Wakil, Melanie Waldenberger, Gurpreet S Wander, Ya Xing Wang, Nicholas J Wareham, Sarah Wild, Chittaranjan S Yajnik, Jian-Min Yuan, Lingyao Zeng, Liang Zhang, Jie Zhou, Najaf Amin, Folkert W Asselbergs, Stephan J L Bakker, Diane M Becker, Benjamin Lehne, David A Bennett, Leonard H van den Berg, Sonja I Berndt, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Lawrence F Bielak, Murielle Bochud, Mike Boehnke, Claude Bouchard, Jonathan P Bradfield, Jennifer A Brody, Archie Campbell, Shai Carmi, Mark J Caulfield, David Cesarini, John C Chambers, Giriraj Ratan Chandak, Ching-Yu Cheng, Marina Ciullo, Marilyn Cornelis, Daniele Cusi, George Davey Smith, Ian J Deary, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Cornelia M van Duijn, David Ellinghaus, Jeanette Erdmann, Johan G Eriksson, Evangelos Evangelou, Michele K Evans, Jessica D Faul, Bjarke Feenstra, Mary Feitosa, Sylvain Foisy, Andre Franke, Yechiel Friedlander, Paolo Gasparini, Christian Gieger, Clicerio Gonzalez, Philippe Goyette, Struan F A Grant, Lyn R Griffiths, Leif Groop, Vilmundur Gudnason, Ulf Gyllensten, Hakon Hakonarson, Anders Hamsten, Pim van der Harst, Chew-Kiat Heng, Andrew A Hicks, Hagit Hochner, Heikki Huikuri, Steven C Hunt, Vincent W V Jaddoe, Philip L De Jager, Magnus Johannesson, Åsa Johansson, Jost B Jonas, J Wouter Jukema, Juhani Junttila, Jaakko Kaprio, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Fredrik Karpe, Meena Kumari, Markku Laakso, Sander W van der Laan, Jari Lahti, Matthias Laudes, Rodney A Lea, Wolfgang Lieb, Thomas Lumley, Nicholas G Martin, Winfried März, Giuseppe Matullo, Mark I McCarthy, Sarah E Medland, Tony R Merriman, Andres Metspalu, Brian F Meyer, Karen L Mohlke, Grant W Montgomery, Dennis Mook-Kanamori, Patricia B Munroe, Kari E North, Dale R Nyholt, Jeffery R O’connell, Carole Ober, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Walter Palmas, Colin Palmer, Gerard G Pasterkamp, Etienne Patin, Craig E Pennell, Louis Perusse, Patricia A Peyser, Mario Pirastu, Tinca J. C. Polderman, David J Porteous, Danielle Posthuma, Bruce M Psaty, John D Rioux, Fernando Rivadeneira, Charles Rotimi, Jerome I Rotter, Igor Rudan, Hester M Den Ruijter, Dharambir K Sanghera, Naveed Sattar, Reinhold Schmidt, Matthias B Schulze, Heribert Schunkert, Robert A Scott, Alan R Shuldiner, Xueling Sim, Neil Small, Jennifer A Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, E-Shyong Tai, Alexander Teumer, Nicholas J Timpson, Daniela Toniolo, David-Alexandre Tregouet, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Peter Vollenweider, Carol A Wang, David R Weir, John B Whitfield, Cisca Wijmenga, Tien-Yin Wong, John Wright, Jingyun Yang, Lei Yu, Babette S Zemel, Alan B Zonderman, Markus Perola, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, André G Uitterlinden, Jaspal S Kooner, Daniel I Chasman, Ruth J. F. Loos, Nora Franceschini, Lude Franke, Chris S Haley, Caroline Hayward, Robin G Walters, John R. B. Perry, Tōnu Esko, Agnar Helgason, Kari Stefansson, Peter K Joshi, Michiaki Kubo, and James F Wilson

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Inbreeding depression has been observed in many different species, but in humans a systematic analysis has been difficult so far. Here, analysing more than 1.3 million individuals, the authors show that a genomic inbreeding coefficient (FROH) is associated with disadvantageous outcomes in 32 out of 100 traits tested.

Published
2019
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8. Genetic discovery and risk characterization in type 2 diabetes across diverse populations

Author

Linda M. Polfus, Burcu F. Darst, Heather Highland, Xin Sheng, Maggie C.Y. Ng, Jennifer E. Below, Lauren Petty, Stephanie Bien, Xueling Sim, Wei Wang, Pierre Fontanillas, Yesha Patel, Michael Preuss, Claudia Schurmann, Zhaohui Du, Yingchang Lu, Suhn K. Rhie, Joseph M. Mercader, Teresa Tusie-Luna, Clicerio González-Villalpando, Lorena Orozco, Cassandra N. Spracklen, Brian E. Cade, Richard A. Jensen, Meng Sun, Yoonjung Yoonie Joo, Ping An, Lisa R. Yanek, Lawrence F. Bielak, Salman Tajuddin, Aude Nicolas, Guanjie Chen, Laura Raffield, Xiuqing Guo, Wei-Min Chen, Girish N. Nadkarni, Mariaelisa Graff, Ran Tao, James S. Pankow, Martha Daviglus, Qibin Qi, Eric A. Boerwinkle, Simin Liu, Lawrence S. Phillips, Ulrike Peters, Chris Carlson, Lynne R. Wikens, Loic Le Marchand, Kari E. North, Steven Buyske, Charles Kooperberg, Ruth J.F. Loos, Daniel O. Stram, and Christopher A. Haiman

Subjects
Type 2 Diabetes, Genetic Risk Score, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Summary: Genomic discovery and characterization of risk loci for type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been conducted primarily in individuals of European ancestry. We conducted a multiethnic genome-wide association study of T2D among 53,102 cases and 193,679 control subjects from African, Hispanic, Asian, Native Hawaiian, and European population groups in the Population Architecture Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) and Diabetes Genetics Replication and Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) Consortia. In individuals of African ancestry, we discovered a risk variant in the TGFB1 gene (rs11466334, risk allele frequency (RAF) = 6.8%, odds ratio [OR] = 1.27, p = 2.06 × 10−8), which replicated in independent studies of African ancestry (p = 6.26 × 10−23). We identified a multiethnic risk variant in the BACE2 gene (rs13052926, RAF = 14.1%, OR = 1.08, p = 5.75 × 10−9), which also replicated in independent studies (p = 3.45 × 10−4). We also observed a significant difference in the performance of a multiethnic genetic risk score (GRS) across population groups (pheterogeneity = 3.85 × 10−20). Comparing individuals in the top GRS risk category (40%–60%), the OR was highest in Asians (OR = 3.08) and European (OR = 2.94) ancestry populations, followed by Hispanic (OR = 2.39), Native Hawaiian (OR = 2.02), and African ancestry (OR = 1.57) populations. These findings underscore the importance of genetic discovery and risk characterization in diverse populations and the urgent need to further increase representation of non-European ancestry individuals in genetics research to improve genetic-based risk prediction across populations.

Published
2021
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9. Protein-altering and regulatory genetic variants near GATA4 implicated in bicuspid aortic valve

Author

Bo Yang, Wei Zhou, Jiao Jiao, Jonas B. Nielsen, Michael R. Mathis, Mahyar Heydarpour, Guillaume Lettre, Lasse Folkersen, Siddharth Prakash, Claudia Schurmann, Lars Fritsche, Gregory A. Farnum, Maoxuan Lin, Mohammad Othman, Whitney Hornsby, Anisa Driscoll, Alexandra Levasseur, Marc Thomas, Linda Farhat, Marie-Pierre Dubé, Eric M. Isselbacher, Anders Franco-Cereceda, Dong-chuan Guo, Erwin P. Bottinger, G. Michael Deeb, Anna Booher, Sachin Kheterpal, Y. Eugene Chen, Hyun Min Kang, Jacob Kitzman, Heather J. Cordell, Bernard D. Keavney, Judith A. Goodship, Santhi K. Ganesh, Gonçalo Abecasis, Kim A. Eagle, Alan P. Boyle, Ruth J. F. Loos, Per Eriksson, Jean-Claude Tardif, Chad M. Brummett, Dianna M. Milewicz, Simon C. Body, and Cristen J. Willer

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common human congenital cardiovascular malformation. Here, the authors perform a genome-wide association study for BAV and identify risk variants in the gene region of cardiac-specific transcription factor GATA4 and implicate GATA4 in heart valve development.

Published
2017
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10. Genome-wide meta-analysis of 241,258 adults accounting for smoking behaviour identifies novel loci for obesity traits

Author

Anne E. Justice, Thomas W. Winkler, Mary F. Feitosa, Misa Graff, Virginia A. Fisher, Kristin Young, Llilda Barata, Xuan Deng, Jacek Czajkowski, David Hadley, Julius S. Ngwa, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Audrey Y. Chu, Nancy L. Heard-Costa, Elise Lim, Jeremiah Perez, John D. Eicher, Zoltán Kutalik, Luting Xue, Anubha Mahajan, Frida Renström, Joseph Wu, Qibin Qi, Shafqat Ahmad, Tamuno Alfred, Najaf Amin, Lawrence F. Bielak, Amelie Bonnefond, Jennifer Bragg, Gemma Cadby, Martina Chittani, Scott Coggeshall, Tanguy Corre, Nese Direk, Joel Eriksson, Krista Fischer, Mathias Gorski, Marie Neergaard Harder, Momoko Horikoshi, Tao Huang, Jennifer E. Huffman, Anne U. Jackson, Johanne Marie Justesen, Stavroula Kanoni, Leena Kinnunen, Marcus E. Kleber, Pirjo Komulainen, Meena Kumari, Unhee Lim, Jian'an Luan, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Massimo Mangino, Ani Manichaikul, Jonathan Marten, Rita P. S. Middelberg, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Pau Navarro, Louis Pérusse, Natalia Pervjakova, Cinzia Sarti, Albert Vernon Smith, Jennifer A. Smith, Alena Stančáková, Rona J. Strawbridge, Heather M. Stringham, Yun Ju Sung, Toshiko Tanaka, Alexander Teumer, Stella Trompet, Sander W. van der Laan, Peter J. van der Most, Jana V. Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Sailaja L. Vedantam, Niek Verweij, Jacqueline M. Vink, Veronique Vitart, Ying Wu, Loic Yengo, Weihua Zhang, Jing Hua Zhao, Martina E. Zimmermann, Niha Zubair, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Linda S. Adair, Saima Afaq, Uzma Afzal, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Traci M. Bartz, John Beilby, Richard N. Bergman, Sven Bergmann, Reiner Biffar, John Blangero, Eric Boerwinkle, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Erwin Bottinger, Daniele Braga, Brendan M. Buckley, Steve Buyske, Harry Campbell, John C. Chambers, Francis S. Collins, Joanne E. Curran, Gert J. de Borst, Anton J. M. de Craen, Eco J. C. de Geus, George Dedoussis, Graciela E. Delgado, Hester M. den Ruijter, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Anna L. Eriksson, Tõnu Esko, Jessica D. Faul, Ian Ford, Terrence Forrester, Karl Gertow, Bruna Gigante, Nicola Glorioso, Jian Gong, Harald Grallert, Tanja B. Grammer, Niels Grarup, Saskia Haitjema, Göran Hallmans, Anders Hamsten, Torben Hansen, Tamara B. Harris, Catharina A. Hartman, Maija Hassinen, Nicholas D. Hastie, Andrew C. Heath, Dena Hernandez, Lucia Hindorff, Lynne J. Hocking, Mette Hollensted, Oddgeir L. Holmen, Georg Homuth, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Jie Huang, Joseph Hung, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Erik Ingelsson, Alan L. James, John-Olov Jansson, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Min A. Jhun, Marit E. Jørgensen, Markus Juonala, Mika Kähönen, Magnus Karlsson, Heikki A. Koistinen, Ivana Kolcic, Genovefa Kolovou, Charles Kooperberg, Bernhard K. Krämer, Johanna Kuusisto, Kirsti Kvaløy, Timo A. Lakka, Claudia Langenberg, Lenore J. Launer, Karin Leander, Nanette R. Lee, Lars Lind, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Allan Linneberg, Stephane Lobbens, Marie Loh, Mattias Lorentzon, Robert Luben, Gitta Lubke, Anja Ludolph-Donislawski, Sara Lupoli, Pamela A. F. Madden, Reija Männikkö, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Nicholas G. Martin, Colin A. McKenzie, Barbara McKnight, Dan Mellström, Cristina Menni, Grant W. Montgomery, AW (Bill) Musk, Narisu Narisu, Matthias Nauck, Ilja M. Nolte, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Matthias Olden, Ken K. Ong, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Patricia A. Peyser, Charlotta Pisinger, David J. Porteous, Olli T. Raitakari, Tuomo Rankinen, D. C. Rao, Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik, Rajesh Rawal, Treva Rice, Paul M. Ridker, Lynda M. Rose, Stephanie A. Bien, Igor Rudan, Serena Sanna, Mark A. Sarzynski, Naveed Sattar, Kai Savonen, David Schlessinger, Salome Scholtens, Claudia Schurmann, Robert A. Scott, Bengt Sennblad, Marten A. Siemelink, Günther Silbernagel, P Eline Slagboom, Harold Snieder, Jan A. Staessen, David J. Stott, Morris A. Swertz, Amy J. Swift, Kent D. Taylor, Bamidele O. Tayo, Barbara Thorand, Dorothee Thuillier, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Liesbeth Vandenput, Marie-Claude Vohl, Henry Völzke, Judith M. Vonk, Gérard Waeber, Melanie Waldenberger, R. G. J. Westendorp, Sarah Wild, Gonneke Willemsen, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Andrew Wong, Alan F. Wright, Wei Zhao, M Carola Zillikens, Damiano Baldassarre, Beverley Balkau, Stefania Bandinelli, Carsten A. Böger, Dorret I. Boomsma, Claude Bouchard, Marcel Bruinenberg, Daniel I. Chasman, Yii-DerIda Chen, Peter S. Chines, Richard S. Cooper, Francesco Cucca, Daniele Cusi, Ulf de Faire, Luigi Ferrucci, Paul W. Franks, Philippe Froguel, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Hans- Jörgen Grabe, Vilmundur Gudnason, Christopher A. Haiman, Caroline Hayward, Kristian Hveem, Andrew D. Johnson, J Wouter Jukema, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Mika Kivimaki, Jaspal S. Kooner, Diana Kuh, Markku Laakso, Terho Lehtimäki, Loic Le Marchand, Winfried März, Mark I. McCarthy, Andres Metspalu, Andrew P. Morris, Claes Ohlsson, Lyle J. Palmer, Gerard Pasterkamp, Oluf Pedersen, Annette Peters, Ulrike Peters, Ozren Polasek, Bruce M. Psaty, Lu Qi, Rainer Rauramaa, Blair H. Smith, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Konstantin Strauch, Henning Tiemeier, Elena Tremoli, Pim van der Harst, Henrik Vestergaard, Peter Vollenweider, Nicholas J. Wareham, David R. Weir, John B. Whitfield, James F. Wilson, Jessica Tyrrell, Timothy M. Frayling, Inês Barroso, Michael Boehnke, Panagiotis Deloukas, Caroline S. Fox, Joel N. Hirschhorn, David J. Hunter, Tim D. Spector, David P. Strachan, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Iris M. Heid, Karen L. Mohlke, Jonathan Marchini, Ruth J. F. Loos, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Ching-Ti Liu, Ingrid B. Borecki, Kari E. North, and L Adrienne Cupples

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become a key tool to discover genetic markers for complex traits; however, environmental factors that interact with genes are rarely considered. Here, the authors conduct a GWAS of obesity traits, and find that smoking may alter genetic susceptibilities.

Published
2017
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11. Genetic identification of a common collagen disease in Puerto Ricans via identity-by-descent mapping in a health system

Author

Gillian Morven Belbin, Jacqueline Odgis, Elena P Sorokin, Muh-Ching Yee, Sumita Kohli, Benjamin S Glicksberg, Christopher R Gignoux, Genevieve L Wojcik, Tielman Van Vleck, Janina M Jeff, Michael Linderman, Claudia Schurmann, Douglas Ruderfer, Xiaoqiang Cai, Amanda Merkelson, Anne E Justice, Kristin L Young, Misa Graff, Kari E North, Ulrike Peters, Regina James, Lucia Hindorff, Ruth Kornreich, Lisa Edelmann, Omri Gottesman, Eli EA Stahl, Judy H Cho, Ruth JF Loos, Erwin P Bottinger, Girish N Nadkarni, Noura S Abul-Husn, and Eimear E Kenny

Subjects
GWAS, medical genetics, population genetics, Electronic Health Records, collagen disorder, Medicine, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Achieving confidence in the causality of a disease locus is a complex task that often requires supporting data from both statistical genetics and clinical genomics. Here we describe a combined approach to identify and characterize a genetic disorder that leverages distantly related patients in a health system and population-scale mapping. We utilize genomic data to uncover components of distant pedigrees, in the absence of recorded pedigree information, in the multi-ethnic BioMe biobank in New York City. By linking to medical records, we discover a locus associated with both elevated genetic relatedness and extreme short stature. We link the gene, COL27A1, with a little-known genetic disease, previously thought to be rare and recessive. We demonstrate that disease manifests in both heterozygotes and homozygotes, indicating a common collagen disorder impacting up to 2% of individuals of Puerto Rican ancestry, leading to a better understanding of the continuum of complex and Mendelian disease.

Published
2017
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12. Genome-wide association study of red blood cell traits in Hispanics/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Author

Chani J Hodonsky, Deepti Jain, Ursula M Schick, Jean V Morrison, Lisa Brown, Caitlin P McHugh, Claudia Schurmann, Diane D Chen, Yong Mei Liu, Paul L Auer, Cecilia A Laurie, Kent D Taylor, Brian L Browning, Yun Li, George Papanicolaou, Jerome I Rotter, Ryo Kurita, Yukio Nakamura, Sharon R Browning, Ruth J F Loos, Kari E North, Cathy C Laurie, Timothy A Thornton, Nathan Pankratz, Daniel E Bauer, Tamar Sofer, and Alex P Reiner

Subjects
Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Prior GWAS have identified loci associated with red blood cell (RBC) traits in populations of European, African, and Asian ancestry. These studies have not included individuals with an Amerindian ancestral background, such as Hispanics/Latinos, nor evaluated the full spectrum of genomic variation beyond single nucleotide variants. Using a custom genotyping array enriched for Amerindian ancestral content and 1000 Genomes imputation, we performed GWAS in 12,502 participants of Hispanic Community Health Study and Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) for hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC count, RBC distribution width (RDW), and RBC indices. Approximately 60% of previously reported RBC trait loci generalized to HCHS/SOL Hispanics/Latinos, including African ancestral alpha- and beta-globin gene variants. In addition to the known 3.8kb alpha-globin copy number variant, we identified an Amerindian ancestral association in an alpha-globin regulatory region on chromosome 16p13.3 for mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. We also discovered and replicated three genome-wide significant variants in previously unreported loci for RDW (SLC12A2 rs17764730, PSMB5 rs941718), and hematocrit (PROX1 rs3754140). Among the proxy variants at the SLC12A2 locus we identified rs3812049, located in a bi-directional promoter between SLC12A2 (which encodes a red cell membrane ion-transport protein) and an upstream anti-sense long-noncoding RNA, LINC01184, as the likely causal variant. We further demonstrate that disruption of the regulatory element harboring rs3812049 affects transcription of SLC12A2 and LINC01184 in human erythroid progenitor cells. Together, these results reinforce the importance of genetic study of diverse ancestral populations, in particular Hispanics/Latinos.

Published
2017
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13. Burden analysis of rare microdeletions suggests a strong impact of neurodevelopmental genes in genetic generalised epilepsies.

Author

Dennis Lal, Ann-Kathrin Ruppert, Holger Trucks, Herbert Schulz, Carolien G de Kovel, Dorothée Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité, Anja C M Sonsma, Bobby P Koeleman, Dick Lindhout, Yvonne G Weber, Holger Lerche, Claudia Kapser, Christoph J Schankin, Wolfram S Kunz, Rainer Surges, Christian E Elger, Verena Gaus, Bettina Schmitz, Ingo Helbig, Hiltrud Muhle, Ulrich Stephani, Karl M Klein, Felix Rosenow, Bernd A Neubauer, Eva M Reinthaler, Fritz Zimprich, Martha Feucht, Rikke S Møller, Helle Hjalgrim, Peter De Jonghe, Arvid Suls, Wolfgang Lieb, Andre Franke, Konstantin Strauch, Christian Gieger, Claudia Schurmann, Ulf Schminke, Peter Nürnberg, EPICURE Consortium, and Thomas Sander

Subjects
Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Genetic generalised epilepsy (GGE) is the most common form of genetic epilepsy, accounting for 20% of all epilepsies. Genomic copy number variations (CNVs) constitute important genetic risk factors of common GGE syndromes. In our present genome-wide burden analysis, large (≥ 400 kb) and rare (< 1%) autosomal microdeletions with high calling confidence (≥ 200 markers) were assessed by the Affymetrix SNP 6.0 array in European case-control cohorts of 1,366 GGE patients and 5,234 ancestry-matched controls. We aimed to: 1) assess the microdeletion burden in common GGE syndromes, 2) estimate the relative contribution of recurrent microdeletions at genomic rearrangement hotspots and non-recurrent microdeletions, and 3) identify potential candidate genes for GGE. We found a significant excess of microdeletions in 7.3% of GGE patients compared to 4.0% in controls (P = 1.8 x 10-7; OR = 1.9). Recurrent microdeletions at seven known genomic hotspots accounted for 36.9% of all microdeletions identified in the GGE cohort and showed a 7.5-fold increased burden (P = 2.6 x 10-17) relative to controls. Microdeletions affecting either a gene previously implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders (P = 8.0 x 10-18, OR = 4.6) or an evolutionarily conserved brain-expressed gene related to autism spectrum disorder (P = 1.3 x 10-12, OR = 4.1) were significantly enriched in the GGE patients. Microdeletions found only in GGE patients harboured a high proportion of genes previously associated with epilepsy and neuropsychiatric disorders (NRXN1, RBFOX1, PCDH7, KCNA2, EPM2A, RORB, PLCB1). Our results demonstrate that the significantly increased burden of large and rare microdeletions in GGE patients is largely confined to recurrent hotspot microdeletions and microdeletions affecting neurodevelopmental genes, suggesting a strong impact of fundamental neurodevelopmental processes in the pathogenesis of common GGE syndromes.

Published
2015
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14. Cell Specific eQTL Analysis without Sorting Cells.

Author

Harm-Jan Westra, Danny Arends, Tõnu Esko, Marjolein J Peters, Claudia Schurmann, Katharina Schramm, Johannes Kettunen, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Benjamin P Fairfax, Anand Kumar Andiappan, Yang Li, Jingyuan Fu, Juha Karjalainen, Mathieu Platteel, Marijn Visschedijk, Rinse K Weersma, Silva Kasela, Lili Milani, Liina Tserel, Pärt Peterson, Eva Reinmaa, Albert Hofman, André G Uitterlinden, Fernando Rivadeneira, Georg Homuth, Astrid Petersmann, Roberto Lorbeer, Holger Prokisch, Thomas Meitinger, Christian Herder, Michael Roden, Harald Grallert, Samuli Ripatti, Markus Perola, Andrew R Wood, David Melzer, Luigi Ferrucci, Andrew B Singleton, Dena G Hernandez, Julian C Knight, Rossella Melchiotti, Bernett Lee, Michael Poidinger, Francesca Zolezzi, Anis Larbi, De Yun Wang, Leonard H van den Berg, Jan H Veldink, Olaf Rotzschke, Seiko Makino, Veikko Salomaa, Konstantin Strauch, Uwe Völker, Joyce B J van Meurs, Andres Metspalu, Cisca Wijmenga, Ritsert C Jansen, and Lude Franke

Subjects
Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

The functional consequences of trait associated SNPs are often investigated using expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping. While trait-associated variants may operate in a cell-type specific manner, eQTL datasets for such cell-types may not always be available. We performed a genome-environment interaction (GxE) meta-analysis on data from 5,683 samples to infer the cell type specificity of whole blood cis-eQTLs. We demonstrate that this method is able to predict neutrophil and lymphocyte specific cis-eQTLs and replicate these predictions in independent cell-type specific datasets. Finally, we show that SNPs associated with Crohn's disease preferentially affect gene expression within neutrophils, including the archetypal NOD2 locus.

Published
2015
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15. A meta-analysis of gene expression signatures of blood pressure and hypertension.

Author

Tianxiao Huan, Tõnu Esko, Marjolein J Peters, Luke C Pilling, Katharina Schramm, Claudia Schurmann, Brian H Chen, Chunyu Liu, Roby Joehanes, Andrew D Johnson, Chen Yao, Sai-Xia Ying, Paul Courchesne, Lili Milani, Nalini Raghavachari, Richard Wang, Poching Liu, Eva Reinmaa, Abbas Dehghan, Albert Hofman, André G Uitterlinden, Dena G Hernandez, Stefania Bandinelli, Andrew Singleton, David Melzer, Andres Metspalu, Maren Carstensen, Harald Grallert, Christian Herder, Thomas Meitinger, Annette Peters, Michael Roden, Melanie Waldenberger, Marcus Dörr, Stephan B Felix, Tanja Zeller, International Consortium for Blood Pressure GWAS (ICBP), Ramachandran Vasan, Christopher J O'Donnell, Peter J Munson, Xia Yang, Holger Prokisch, Uwe Völker, Joyce B J van Meurs, Luigi Ferrucci, and Daniel Levy

Subjects
Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered numerous genetic variants (SNPs) that are associated with blood pressure (BP). Genetic variants may lead to BP changes by acting on intermediate molecular phenotypes such as coded protein sequence or gene expression, which in turn affect BP variability. Therefore, characterizing genes whose expression is associated with BP may reveal cellular processes involved in BP regulation and uncover how transcripts mediate genetic and environmental effects on BP variability. A meta-analysis of results from six studies of global gene expression profiles of BP and hypertension in whole blood was performed in 7017 individuals who were not receiving antihypertensive drug treatment. We identified 34 genes that were differentially expressed in relation to BP (Bonferroni-corrected p

Published
2015
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16. Modulation of genetic associations with serum urate levels by body-mass-index in humans.

Author

Jennifer E Huffman, Eva Albrecht, Alexander Teumer, Massimo Mangino, Karen Kapur, Toby Johnson, Zoltán Kutalik, Nicola Pirastu, Giorgio Pistis, Lorna M Lopez, Toomas Haller, Perttu Salo, Anuj Goel, Man Li, Toshiko Tanaka, Abbas Dehghan, Daniela Ruggiero, Giovanni Malerba, Albert V Smith, Ilja M Nolte, Laura Portas, Amanda Phipps-Green, Lora Boteva, Pau Navarro, Asa Johansson, Andrew A Hicks, Ozren Polasek, Tõnu Esko, John F Peden, Sarah E Harris, Federico Murgia, Sarah H Wild, Albert Tenesa, Adrienne Tin, Evelin Mihailov, Anne Grotevendt, Gauti K Gislason, Josef Coresh, Pio D'Adamo, Sheila Ulivi, Peter Vollenweider, Gerard Waeber, Susan Campbell, Ivana Kolcic, Krista Fisher, Margus Viigimaa, Jeffrey E Metter, Corrado Masciullo, Elisabetta Trabetti, Cristina Bombieri, Rossella Sorice, Angela Döring, Eva Reischl, Konstantin Strauch, Albert Hofman, Andre G Uitterlinden, Melanie Waldenberger, H-Erich Wichmann, Gail Davies, Alan J Gow, Nicola Dalbeth, Lisa Stamp, Johannes H Smit, Mirna Kirin, Ramaiah Nagaraja, Matthias Nauck, Claudia Schurmann, Kathrin Budde, Susan M Farrington, Evropi Theodoratou, Antti Jula, Veikko Salomaa, Cinzia Sala, Christian Hengstenberg, Michel Burnier, Reedik Mägi, Norman Klopp, Stefan Kloiber, Sabine Schipf, Samuli Ripatti, Stefano Cabras, Nicole Soranzo, Georg Homuth, Teresa Nutile, Patricia B Munroe, Nicholas Hastie, Harry Campbell, Igor Rudan, Claudia Cabrera, Chris Haley, Oscar H Franco, Tony R Merriman, Vilmundur Gudnason, Mario Pirastu, Brenda W Penninx, Harold Snieder, Andres Metspalu, Marina Ciullo, Peter P Pramstaller, Cornelia M van Duijn, Luigi Ferrucci, Giovanni Gambaro, Ian J Deary, Malcolm G Dunlop, James F Wilson, Paolo Gasparini, Ulf Gyllensten, Tim D Spector, Alan F Wright, Caroline Hayward, Hugh Watkins, Markus Perola, Murielle Bochud, W H Linda Kao, Mark Caulfield, Daniela Toniolo, Henry Völzke, Christian Gieger, Anna Köttgen, and Veronique Vitart

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

We tested for interactions between body mass index (BMI) and common genetic variants affecting serum urate levels, genome-wide, in up to 42569 participants. Both stratified genome-wide association (GWAS) analyses, in lean, overweight and obese individuals, and regression-type analyses in a non BMI-stratified overall sample were performed. The former did not uncover any novel locus with a major main effect, but supported modulation of effects for some known and potentially new urate loci. The latter highlighted a SNP at RBFOX3 reaching genome-wide significant level (effect size 0.014, 95% CI 0.008-0.02, Pinter= 2.6 x 10-8). Two top loci in interaction term analyses, RBFOX3 and ERO1LB-EDARADD, also displayed suggestive differences in main effect size between the lean and obese strata. All top ranking loci for urate effect differences between BMI categories were novel and most had small magnitude but opposite direction effects between strata. They include the locus RBMS1-TANK (men, Pdifflean-overweight= 4.7 x 10-8), a region that has been associated with several obesity related traits, and TSPYL5 (men, Pdifflean-overweight= 9.1 x 10-8), regulating adipocytes-produced estradiol. The top-ranking known urate loci was ABCG2, the strongest known gout risk locus, with an effect halved in obese compared to lean men (Pdifflean-obese= 2 x 10-4). Finally, pathway analysis suggested a role for N-glycan biosynthesis as a prominent urate-associated pathway in the lean stratum. These results illustrate a potentially powerful way to monitor changes occurring in obesogenic environment.

Published
2015
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17. Associations between Serum Sex Hormone Concentrations and Whole Blood Gene Expression Profiles in the General Population.

Author

Robin Haring, Claudia Schurmann, Georg Homuth, Leif Steil, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Brian G Keevil, Matthias Nauck, and Henri Wallaschofski

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Despite observational evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies associating sex hormones with various cardiometabolic risk factors or diseases, pathophysiological explanations are sparse to date. To reveal putative functional insights, we analyzed associations between sex hormone levels and whole blood gene expression profiles.We used data of 991 individuals from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND) with whole blood gene expression levels determined by array-based transcriptional profiling and serum concentrations of total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free testosterone (free T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), androstenedione (AD), estradiol (E2), and estrone (E1) measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and immunoassay. Associations between sex hormone concentrations and gene expression profiles were analyzed using sex-specific regression models adjusted for age, body mass index, and technical covariables.In men, positive correlations were detected between AD and DDIT4 mRNA levels, as well as between SHBG and the mRNA levels of RPIA, RIOK3, GYPB, BPGM, and RAB2B. No additional significant associations were observed.Besides the associations between AD and DDIT4 expression and SHBG and the transcript levels of RPIA, RIOK3, GYPB, BPGM, and RAB2B, the present study did not indicate any association between sex hormone concentrations and whole blood gene expression profiles in men and women from the general population.

Published
2015
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18. Blood cis-eQTL analysis fails to identify novel association signals among sub-threshold candidates from genome-wide association studies in restless legs syndrome.

Author

Eva C Schulte, Katharina Schramm, Claudia Schurmann, Peter Lichtner, Christian Herder, Michael Roden, Christian Gieger, Annette Peters, Claudia Trenkwalder, Birgit Högl, Birgit Frauscher, Klaus Berger, Ingo Fietze, Nadine Gross, Karin Stiasny-Kolster, Wolfgang Oertel, Cornelius G Bachmann, Walter Paulus, Alexander Zimprich, Henry Völzke, Ulf Schminke, Matthias Nauck, Thomas Illig, Thomas Meitinger, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Holger Prokisch, and Juliane Winkelmann

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurologic disorder characterized by nightly dysesthesias affecting the legs primarily during periods of rest and relieved by movement. RLS is a complex genetic disease and susceptibility factors in six genomic regions have been identified by means of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). For some complex genetic traits, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) are enriched among trait-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). With the aim of identifying new genetic susceptibility factors for RLS, we assessed the 332 best-associated SNPs from the genome-wide phase of the to date largest RLS GWAS for cis-eQTL effects in peripheral blood from individuals of European descent. In 740 individuals belonging to the KORA general population cohort, 52 cis-eQTLs with pnominal

Published
2014
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19. Mapping the genetic architecture of gene regulation in whole blood.

Author

Katharina Schramm, Carola Marzi, Claudia Schurmann, Maren Carstensen, Eva Reinmaa, Reiner Biffar, Gertrud Eckstein, Christian Gieger, Hans-Jörgen Grabe, Georg Homuth, Gabriele Kastenmüller, Reedik Mägi, Andres Metspalu, Evelin Mihailov, Annette Peters, Astrid Petersmann, Michael Roden, Konstantin Strauch, Karsten Suhre, Alexander Teumer, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Rui Wang-Sattler, Melanie Waldenberger, Thomas Meitinger, Thomas Illig, Christian Herder, Harald Grallert, and Holger Prokisch

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

BackgroundWe aimed to assess whether whole blood expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) with effects in cis and trans are robust and can be used to identify regulatory pathways affecting disease susceptibility.Materials and methodsWe performed whole-genome eQTL analyses in 890 participants of the KORA F4 study and in two independent replication samples (SHIP-TREND, N = 976 and EGCUT, N = 842) using linear regression models and Bonferroni correction.ResultsIn the KORA F4 study, 4,116 cis-eQTLs (defined as SNP-probe pairs where the SNP is located within a 500 kb window around the transcription unit) and 94 trans-eQTLs reached genome-wide significance and overall 91% (92% of cis-, 84% of trans-eQTLs) were confirmed in at least one of the two replication studies. Different study designs including distinct laboratory reagents (PAXgene™ vs. Tempus™ tubes) did not affect reproducibility (separate overall replication overlap: 78% and 82%). Immune response pathways were enriched in cis- and trans-eQTLs and significant cis-eQTLs were partly coexistent in other tissues (cross-tissue similarity 40-70%). Furthermore, four chromosomal regions displayed simultaneous impact on multiple gene expression levels in trans, and 746 eQTL-SNPs have been previously reported to have clinical relevance. We demonstrated cross-associations between eQTL-SNPs, gene expression levels in trans, and clinical phenotypes as well as a link between eQTLs and human metabolic traits via modification of gene regulation in cis.ConclusionsOur data suggest that whole blood is a robust tissue for eQTL analysis and may be used both for biomarker studies and to enhance our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying gene-disease associations.

Published
2014
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20. Rare genomic structural variants in complex disease: lessons from the replication of associations with obesity.

Author

Robin G Walters, Lachlan J M Coin, Aimo Ruokonen, Adam J de Smith, Julia S El-Sayed Moustafa, Sebastien Jacquemont, Paul Elliott, Tõnu Esko, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Jaana Laitinen, Katrin Männik, Danielle Martinet, David Meyre, Matthias Nauck, Claudia Schurmann, Rob Sladek, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdóttir, Armand Valsesia, Gerard Waeber, Flore Zufferey, Beverley Balkau, François Pattou, Andres Metspalu, Henry Völzke, Peter Vollenweider, Kári Stefansson, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Jacques S Beckmann, Philippe Froguel, and Alexandra I F Blakemore

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The limited ability of common variants to account for the genetic contribution to complex disease has prompted searches for rare variants of large effect, to partly explain the 'missing heritability'. Analyses of genome-wide genotyping data have identified genomic structural variants (GSVs) as a source of such rare causal variants. Recent studies have reported multiple GSV loci associated with risk of obesity. We attempted to replicate these associations by similar analysis of two familial-obesity case-control cohorts and a population cohort, and detected GSVs at 11 out of 18 loci, at frequencies similar to those previously reported. Based on their reported frequencies and effect sizes (OR≥25), we had sufficient statistical power to detect the large majority (80%) of genuine associations at these loci. However, only one obesity association was replicated. Deletion of a 220 kb region on chromosome 16p11.2 has a carrier population frequency of 2×10(-4) (95% confidence interval [9.6×10(-5)-3.1×10(-4)]); accounts overall for 0.5% [0.19%-0.82%] of severe childhood obesity cases (P = 3.8×10(-10); odds ratio = 25.0 [9.9-60.6]); and results in a mean body mass index (BMI) increase of 5.8 kg.m(-2) [1.8-10.3] in adults from the general population. We also attempted replication using BMI as a quantitative trait in our population cohort; associations with BMI at or near nominal significance were detected at two further loci near KIF2B and within FOXP2, but these did not survive correction for multiple testing. These findings emphasise several issues of importance when conducting rare GSV association, including the need for careful cohort selection and replication strategy, accurate GSV identification, and appropriate correction for multiple testing and/or control of false discovery rate. Moreover, they highlight the potential difficulty in replicating rare CNV associations across different populations. Nevertheless, we show that such studies are potentially valuable for the identification of variants making an appreciable contribution to complex disease.

Published
2013
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21. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies six new Loci for serum calcium concentrations.

Author

Conall M O'Seaghdha, Hongsheng Wu, Qiong Yang, Karen Kapur, Idris Guessous, Annie Mercier Zuber, Anna Köttgen, Candice Stoudmann, Alexander Teumer, Zoltán Kutalik, Massimo Mangino, Abbas Dehghan, Weihua Zhang, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Guo Li, Toshiko Tanaka, Laura Portas, Lorna M Lopez, Caroline Hayward, Kurt Lohman, Koichi Matsuda, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Dmitri Firsov, Rossella Sorice, Sheila Ulivi, A Catharina Brockhaus, Marcus E Kleber, Anubha Mahajan, Florian D Ernst, Vilmundur Gudnason, Lenore J Launer, Aurelien Mace, Eric Boerwinckle, Dan E Arking, Chizu Tanikawa, Yusuke Nakamura, Morris J Brown, Jean-Michel Gaspoz, Jean-Marc Theler, David S Siscovick, Bruce M Psaty, Sven Bergmann, Peter Vollenweider, Veronique Vitart, Alan F Wright, Tatijana Zemunik, Mladen Boban, Ivana Kolcic, Pau Navarro, Edward M Brown, Karol Estrada, Jingzhong Ding, Tamara B Harris, Stefania Bandinelli, Dena Hernandez, Andrew B Singleton, Giorgia Girotto, Daniela Ruggiero, Adamo Pio d'Adamo, Antonietta Robino, Thomas Meitinger, Christa Meisinger, Gail Davies, John M Starr, John C Chambers, Bernhard O Boehm, Bernhard R Winkelmann, Jie Huang, Federico Murgia, Sarah H Wild, Harry Campbell, Andrew P Morris, Oscar H Franco, Albert Hofman, Andre G Uitterlinden, Fernando Rivadeneira, Uwe Völker, Anke Hannemann, Reiner Biffar, Wolfgang Hoffmann, So-Youn Shin, Pierre Lescuyer, Hughes Henry, Claudia Schurmann, SUNLIGHT Consortium, GEFOS Consortium, Patricia B Munroe, Paolo Gasparini, Nicola Pirastu, Marina Ciullo, Christian Gieger, Winfried März, Lars Lind, Tim D Spector, Albert V Smith, Igor Rudan, James F Wilson, Ozren Polasek, Ian J Deary, Mario Pirastu, Luigi Ferrucci, Yongmei Liu, Bryan Kestenbaum, Jaspal S Kooner, Jacqueline C M Witteman, Matthias Nauck, W H Linda Kao, Henri Wallaschofski, Olivier Bonny, Caroline S Fox, and Murielle Bochud

Subjects
Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Calcium is vital to the normal functioning of multiple organ systems and its serum concentration is tightly regulated. Apart from CASR, the genes associated with serum calcium are largely unknown. We conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 39,400 individuals from 17 population-based cohorts and investigated the 14 most strongly associated loci in ≤ 21,679 additional individuals. Seven loci (six new regions) in association with serum calcium were identified and replicated. Rs1570669 near CYP24A1 (P = 9.1E-12), rs10491003 upstream of GATA3 (P = 4.8E-09) and rs7481584 in CARS (P = 1.2E-10) implicate regions involved in Mendelian calcemic disorders: Rs1550532 in DGKD (P = 8.2E-11), also associated with bone density, and rs7336933 near DGKH/KIAA0564 (P = 9.1E-10) are near genes that encode distinct isoforms of diacylglycerol kinase. Rs780094 is in GCKR. We characterized the expression of these genes in gut, kidney, and bone, and demonstrate modulation of gene expression in bone in response to dietary calcium in mice. Our results shed new light on the genetics of calcium homeostasis.

Published
2013
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22. A genome-wide association study identifies five loci influencing facial morphology in Europeans.

Author

Fan Liu, Fedde van der Lijn, Claudia Schurmann, Gu Zhu, M Mallar Chakravarty, Pirro G Hysi, Andreas Wollstein, Oscar Lao, Marleen de Bruijne, M Arfan Ikram, Aad van der Lugt, Fernando Rivadeneira, André G Uitterlinden, Albert Hofman, Wiro J Niessen, Georg Homuth, Greig de Zubicaray, Katie L McMahon, Paul M Thompson, Amro Daboul, Ralf Puls, Katrin Hegenscheid, Liisa Bevan, Zdenka Pausova, Sarah E Medland, Grant W Montgomery, Margaret J Wright, Carol Wicking, Stefan Boehringer, Timothy D Spector, Tomáš Paus, Nicholas G Martin, Reiner Biffar, and Manfred Kayser

Subjects
Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Inter-individual variation in facial shape is one of the most noticeable phenotypes in humans, and it is clearly under genetic regulation; however, almost nothing is known about the genetic basis of normal human facial morphology. We therefore conducted a genome-wide association study for facial shape phenotypes in multiple discovery and replication cohorts, considering almost ten thousand individuals of European descent from several countries. Phenotyping of facial shape features was based on landmark data obtained from three-dimensional head magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and two-dimensional portrait images. We identified five independent genetic loci associated with different facial phenotypes, suggesting the involvement of five candidate genes--PRDM16, PAX3, TP63, C5orf50, and COL17A1--in the determination of the human face. Three of them have been implicated previously in vertebrate craniofacial development and disease, and the remaining two genes potentially represent novel players in the molecular networks governing facial development. Our finding at PAX3 influencing the position of the nasion replicates a recent GWAS of facial features. In addition to the reported GWA findings, we established links between common DNA variants previously associated with NSCL/P at 2p21, 8q24, 13q31, and 17q22 and normal facial-shape variations based on a candidate gene approach. Overall our study implies that DNA variants in genes essential for craniofacial development contribute with relatively small effect size to the spectrum of normal variation in human facial morphology. This observation has important consequences for future studies aiming to identify more genes involved in the human facial morphology, as well as for potential applications of DNA prediction of facial shape such as in future forensic applications.

Published
2012
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23. Analyzing illumina gene expression microarray data from different tissues: methodological aspects of data analysis in the metaxpress consortium.

Author

Claudia Schurmann, Katharina Heim, Arne Schillert, Stefan Blankenberg, Maren Carstensen, Marcus Dörr, Karlhans Endlich, Stephan B Felix, Christian Gieger, Harald Grallert, Christian Herder, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Georg Homuth, Thomas Illig, Jochen Kruppa, Thomas Meitinger, Christian Müller, Matthias Nauck, Annette Peters, Rainer Rettig, Michael Roden, Konstantin Strauch, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Simone Wahl, Henri Wallaschofski, Philipp S Wild, Tanja Zeller, Alexander Teumer, Holger Prokisch, and Andreas Ziegler

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Microarray profiling of gene expression is widely applied in molecular biology and functional genomics. Experimental and technical variations make meta-analysis of different studies challenging. In a total of 3358 samples, all from German population-based cohorts, we investigated the effect of data preprocessing and the variability due to sample processing in whole blood cell and blood monocyte gene expression data, measured on the Illumina HumanHT-12 v3 BeadChip array.Gene expression signal intensities were similar after applying the log(2) or the variance-stabilizing transformation. In all cohorts, the first principal component (PC) explained more than 95% of the total variation. Technical factors substantially influenced signal intensity values, especially the Illumina chip assignment (33-48% of the variance), the RNA amplification batch (12-24%), the RNA isolation batch (16%), and the sample storage time, in particular the time between blood donation and RNA isolation for the whole blood cell samples (2-3%), and the time between RNA isolation and amplification for the monocyte samples (2%). White blood cell composition parameters were the strongest biological factors influencing the expression signal intensities in the whole blood cell samples (3%), followed by sex (1-2%) in both sample types. Known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were located in 38% of the analyzed probe sequences and 4% of them included common SNPs (minor allele frequency >5%). Out of the tested SNPs, 1.4% significantly modified the probe-specific expression signals (Bonferroni corrected p-value

Published
2012
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