29 results on '"Cruz, Charles S. Dela"'
Search Results
2. Developmental changes in lung function of mice are independent of sex as a biological variable.
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Bärnthaler, Thomas, Ramachandra, Abhay B., Ebanks, Sadè, Guerrera, Nicole, Sharma, Lokesh, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Humphrey, Jay D., and Manning, Edward P.
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LUNGS ,SEX (Biology) ,WEIGHT gain ,BIRTH weight ,PULMONARY function tests ,MICE ,YOUNG adults - Abstract
Pulmonary function testing (PFT) in mice includes biomechanical assessment of lung function relevant to physiology in health and its alteration in disease, hence, it is frequently used in preclinical modeling of human lung pathologies. Despite numerous reports of PFT in mice of various ages, there is a lack of reference data for developing mice collected using consistent methods. Therefore, we profiled PFTs in male and female C57BL/6J mice from 2 to 23 wk of age, providing reference values for age- and sex-dependent changes in mouse lung biomechanics during development and young adulthood. Although males and females have similar weights at birth, females weigh significantly less than males after 5 wk of age (P < 0.001) with largest weight gain observed between 3 and 8 wk in females and 3 and 13 wk in males, after which weight continued to increase more slowly up to 23 wk of age. Lung function parameters including static compliance and inspiratory capacity also increased rapidly between 3 and 8 wk in female and male mice, with male mice having significantly greater static compliance and inspiratory capacity than female mice (P < 0.001). Although these parameters appear higher in males at a given age, allometric scaling showed that static compliance and inspiratory compliance were comparable between the two sexes. This suggests that differences in measurements of lung function are likely body weight-based rather than sex-based. We expect these data to facilitate future lung disease research by filling a critical knowledge gap in our field. NEW & NOTEWORTHY: This study provides reference values for changes in mouse lung biomechanics from 2 to 23 wk of age. There are rapid developmental changes in lung structure and function of male and female mice between the ages of 3 and 8 wk. Male mice become noticeably heavier than female mice at or about 5 wk of age. We identified that differences in normal lung function measurements are likely weight-based, not sex-based. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Anti-inflammatory roles of type I interferon signaling in the lung.
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Feng, Jingjing, Liu, Yi, Kim, Jooyoung, Ahangari, Farida, Kaminski, Naftali, Bain, William G., Jie, Zhijun, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, and Sharma, Lokesh
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TYPE I interferons ,INTERFERON receptors ,LUNGS ,PSEUDOMONAS diseases ,MYELOID cells ,INFLAMMATION ,RNA sequencing - Abstract
Excessive or persistent inflammation may have detrimental effects on lung structure and function. Currently, our understanding of conserved host mechanisms that control the inflammatory response remains incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the role of type I interferon signaling in the inflammatory response against diverse clinically relevant stimuli. Using mice deficient in type I interferon signaling (IFNAR1
−/− ), we demonstrate that the absence of interferon signaling resulted in a robust and persistent inflammatory response against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, lipopolysaccharide, and chemotherapeutic agent bleomycin. The elevated inflammatory response in IFNAR1−/− mice was manifested as elevated myeloid cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, in the bronchoalveolar lavage. The inflammatory cell response in the IFNAR1−/− mice persisted to 14 days and there is impaired recovery and fibrotic remodeling of the lung in IFNAR1−/− mice after bleomycin injury. In the Pseudomonas infection model, the elevated inflammatory cell response led to improved bacterial clearance in IFNAR1−/− mice, although there was similar lung injury and survival. We performed RNA sequencing of lung tissue in wild-type and IFNAR1−/− mice after LPS and bleomycin injury. Our unbiased analysis identified differentially expressed genes between IFNAR1−/− and wild-type mice, including previously unknown regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling, retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) signaling, and necroptosis pathway by type I interferon signaling in both models. These data provide novel insights into the conserved anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the type I interferon signaling. NEW & NOTEWORTHY: Type I interferons are known for their antiviral activities. In this study, we demonstrate a conserved anti-inflammatory role of type I interferon signaling against diverse stimuli in the lung. We show that exacerbated inflammatory response in the absence of type I interferon signaling has both acute and chronic consequences in the lung including structural changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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4. Single-cell characterization of a model of poly I:C-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells in severe asthma
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Chen, Ailu, Diaz-Soto, Maria P., Sanmamed, Miguel F., Adams, Taylor, Schupp, Jonas C., Gupta, Amolika, Britto, Clemente, Sauler, Maor, Yan, Xiting, Liu, Qing, Nino, Gustavo, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Chupp, Geoffrey L., and Gomez, Jose L.
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- 2021
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5. Nonutility of procalcitonin for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia in patients with severe COVID-19.
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Cohen, Avi J., Glick, Laura R., Lee, Seohyuk, Kunitomo, Yukiko, Tsang, Derek A., Pitafi, Sarah, Toro, Patricia Valda, Ristic, Nicholas R., Zhang, Ethan, Carey, George B., Datta, Rupak, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, and Gautam, Samir
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- 2023
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6. Author Correction: Mechanosensation of cyclical force by PIEZO1 is essential for innate immunity
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Solis, Angel G., Bielecki, Piotr, Steach, Holly R., Sharma, Lokesh, Harman, Christian C. D., Yun, Sanguk, de Zoete, Marcel R., Warnock, James N., To, S. D. Filip, York, Autumn G., Mack, Matthias, Schwartz, Martin A., Cruz, Charles. S. Dela, Palm, Noah W., Jackson, Ruaidhrí, and Flavell, Richard A.
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- 2019
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7. Immunocompromised Host Pneumonia: Definitions and Diagnostic Criteria: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.
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Guang-Shing Cheng, Crothers, Kristina, Aliberti, Stefano, Bergeron, Anne, Boeckh, Michael, Chien, Jason W., Cilloniz, Catia, Cohen, Keira, Dean, Nathan, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Dickson, Robert P., Greninger, Alexander L., Hage, Chadi A., Hohl, Tobias M., Holland, Steven M., Jones, Barbara E., Keane, Joseph, Metersky, Mark, Miller, Rachel, and Puel, Anne
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IMMUNOCOMPROMISED patients ,PNEUMONIA ,IMMUNOLOGIC diseases ,LUNG diseases ,BIOTHERAPY ,KNOWLEDGE gap theory ,PNEUMOCOCCAL pneumonia - Abstract
Pneumonia imposes a significant clinical burden on people with immunocompromising conditions. Millions of individuals live with compromised immunity because of cytotoxic cancer treatments, biological therapies, organ transplants, inherited and acquired immunodeficiencies, and other immune disorders. Despite broad awareness among clinicians that these patients are at increased risk for developing infectious pneumonia, immunocompromised people are often excluded from pneumonia clinical guidelines and treatment trials. The absence of a widely accepted definition for immunocompromised host pneumonia is a significant knowledge gap that hampers consistent clinical care and research for infectious pneumonia in these vulnerable populations. To address this gap, the American Thoracic Society convened a workshop whose participants had expertise in pulmonary disease, infectious diseases, immunology, genetics, and laboratory medicine, with the goal of defining the entity of immunocompromised host pneumonia and its diagnostic criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. Cigarette smoke selectively enhances viral PAMP--and virus-induced pulmonary innate immune and remodeling responses in mice
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Kang, Min-Jong, Lee, Chun Geun, Lee, Jae-Young, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Chen, Zhijian J., Enelow, Richard, and Elias, Jack A.
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Lung diseases, Obstructive -- Risk factors ,Lung diseases, Obstructive -- Diagnosis ,Lung diseases, Obstructive -- Care and treatment ,Lung diseases, Obstructive -- Research ,Smoking -- Health aspects ,Virus diseases -- Risk factors ,Virus diseases -- Control - Abstract
Viral infections have more severe consequences in patients who have been exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) than in those not exposed to CS. For example, in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), viruses cause more severe disease exacerbation, heightened inflammation, and accelerated loss of lung function compared with other causes of disease exacerbation. Symptomatology and mortality in influenza-infected smokers is also enhanced. To test the hypothesis that these outcomes are caused by CS-induced alterations in innate immunity, we defined the effects of CS on pathogen-associated molecular pattern--induced (PAMP-induced) pulmonary inflammation and remodeling in mice. CS was found to enhance parenchymal and airway inflammation and apoptosis induced by the viral PAMP poly(I:C). CS and poly(I:C) also induced accelerated emphysema and airway fibrosis. The effects of a combination of CS and poly(I:C) were associated with early induction of type I IFN and IL-18, later induction of IL-12/IL-23 p40 and IFN-[gamma], and the activation of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) and eukaryotic initiation factor-2[alpha] (eIF2[alpha]). Further analysis using mice lacking specific proteins indicated a role for TLR3-dependent and -independent pathways as well as a pathway or pathways that are dependent on mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), IL-18R[alpha], IFN-[gamma], and PKR. Importantly, CS enhanced the effects of influenza but not other agonists of innate immunity in a similar fashion. These studies demonstrate that CS selectively augments the airway and alveolar inflammatory and remodeling responses induced in the murine lung by viral PAMPs and viruses., Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a composite term that is used for patients with emphysema and chronic bronchitis (1-3). It is the fourth leading cause of death in [...]
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- 2008
9. Emerging insights in sarcoidosis: moving forward through reverse translational research.
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Liu, Angela, Sharma, Lokesh, Xiting Yan, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Herzog, Erica L., and Changwan Ryu
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SARCOIDOSIS ,TRANSLATIONAL research ,CHRONIC granulomatous disease - Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that primarily affects the lungs. The development of stage IV or fibrotic lung disease accounts for a significant proportion of the morbidity and mortality attributable to sarcoidosis. Further investigation into the active mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and fibrogenesis might illuminate fundamental mediators of injury and repair while providing new opportunities for clinical intervention. However, progress in sarcoidosis research has been hampered by the heterogeneity of clinical phenotypes and the lack of a consensus modeling system. Recently, reverse translational research, wherein observations made at the patient level catalyze hypothesis-driven research at the laboratory bench, has generated new discoveries regarding the immunopathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary granuloma formation, fibrogenesis, and disease model development. The purpose of this review is to highlight the promise and possibility of these novel investigative efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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10. Nucleic Acid-based Testing for Noninfluenza Viral Pathogens in Adults with Suspected Community-acquired Pneumonia. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.
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Evans, Scott E., Jennerich, Ann L., Azar, Marwan M., Bin Cao, Crothers, Kristina, Dickson, Robert P., Herold, Susanne, Jain, Seema, Madhavan, Ann, Metersky, Mark L., Myers, Laura C., Oren, Eyal, Restrepo, Marcos I., Semret, Makeda, Sheshadri, Ajay, Wunderink, Richard G., Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Cao, Bin, and Dela Cruz, Charles S
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NUCLEIC acids ,COMMUNITY-acquired pneumonia ,COMMUNITY-acquired infections ,PNEUMONIA treatment ,PNEUMONIA diagnosis ,DNA analysis ,PNEUMONIA ,RESEARCH ,VIRUSES ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,EVALUATION research ,COMPARATIVE studies ,RESEARCH funding ,MEDICAL societies - Abstract
Background: This document provides evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on the diagnostic utility of nucleic acid-based testing of respiratory samples for viral pathogens other than influenza in adults with suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods: A multidisciplinary panel developed a Population-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome question, conducted a pragmatic systematic review, and applied Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology for clinical recommendations.Results: The panel evaluated the literature to develop recommendations regarding whether routine diagnostics should include nucleic acid-based testing of respiratory samples for viral pathogens other than influenza in suspected CAP. The evidence addressing this topic was generally adjudicated to be of very low quality because of risk of bias and imprecision. Furthermore, there was little direct evidence supporting a role for routine nucleic acid-based testing of respiratory samples in improving critical outcomes such as overall survival or antibiotic use patterns. However, on the basis of direct and indirect evidence, recommendations were made for both outpatient and hospitalized patients with suspected CAP. Testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was not addressed in the literature at the time of the evidence review.Conclusions: The panel formulated and provided their rationale for recommendations on nucleic acid-based diagnostics for viral pathogens other than influenza for patients with suspected CAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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11. Stability of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Nonsupplemented Saliva.
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Ott, Isabel M., Strine, Madison S., Watkins, Anne E., Boot, Maikel, Kalinich, Chaney C., Harden, Christina A., Vogels, Chantal B. F., Casanovas-Massana, Arnau, Moore, Adam J., Muenker, M. Catherine, Nakahata, Maura, Tokuyama, Maria, Nelson, Allison, Fournier, John, Bermejo, Santos, Campbell, Melissa, Datta, Rupak, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Farhadian, Shelli F., and Ko, Albert I.
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SARS-CoV-2 ,SALIVA ,RNA - Abstract
The expense of saliva collection devices designed to stabilize severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA is prohibitive to mass testing. However, virus RNA in nonsupplemented saliva is stable for extended periods and at elevated temperatures. Simple plastic tubes for saliva collection will make large-scale testing and continued surveillance easier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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12. Association of Early Inflammation with Age and Asymptomatic Disease in COVID-19.
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Xie, Chunmei, Li, Qing, Li, Linhai, Peng, Xiaohua, Ling, Zhijian, Xiao, Bin, Feng, Jingjing, Chen, Zhenhong, Chang, De, Xie, Lixin, Cruz, Charles S Dela, and Sharma, Lokesh
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COVID-19 ,AGE factors in disease ,SUPPRESSOR cells ,VIRUS diseases ,INFLAMMATION - Abstract
Background: Disease severity in COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic infection to severe disease and death, especially in older subjects. The risk for severe infection and death has been reported to be 2X in those between 30 and 40 years, 3X in those between 40 and 50 years, and 4X in those between 50 and 65 years, compared to the reference group of 18– 29 years. Objective: To investigate the early changes in host immune responses that are altered with age and the difference in the early host inflammatory response that dictates a symptomatic versus asymptomatic course of COVID-19. Patients and Methods: COVID-19 subjects were identified by screening at the airport upon arrival from a foreign destination to China. Patients were either asymptomatic or had a mild disease when the first oro-pharyngeal (OP) swab samples were collected. Patients were quarantined and blood and throat swabs were collected during the course of the disease, allowing identification of the earliest host response to COVID-19. These patients were followed until their OP sample turned COVID-19 negative. Results: Data were obtained from 126 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients. The blood samples were obtained within 48 days of qPCR confirmation of viral infection. Older subjects (> 30 years) had significantly elevated levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, a significant decrease in the percentage of CD8+ T cells, and expansion in NKT cell fraction. This was associated with significantly elevated viral load and a delayed humoral response in older subjects. Compared to symptomatic subjects, asymptomatic patients had an early increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-2, while a decrease in both T regulatory cells and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Further, asymptomatic disease was associated with early humoral response and faster viral clearance. Conclusion: Early inflammatory response potentially plays a critical role for host-defense in COVID-19. The impaired early inflammatory response was associated with older age while a robust early inflammation was associated with asymptomatic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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13. Disinfection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from N95 respirators with ozone: a pilot study.
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Manning, Edward P., Stephens, Matthew D., Dufresne, Sylvie, Silver, Bruce, Gerbarg, Patricia, Gerbarg, Zach, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, and Sharma, Lokesh
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- 2021
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14. Single-Cell Transcriptional Archetypes of Airway Inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis.
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Schupp, Jonas C., Khanal, Sara, Gomez, Jose L., Sauler, Maor, Adams, Taylor S., Chupp, Geoffrey L., Xiting Yan, Poli, Sergio, Yujiao Zhao, Montgomery, Ruth R., Rosas, Ivan O., Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Bruscia, Emanuela M., Egan, Marie E., Kaminski, Naftali, Britto, Clemente J., Yan, Xiting, Zhao, Yujiao, and Dela Cruz, Charles S
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RESEARCH ,INFLAMMATION ,AIRWAY (Anatomy) ,RESEARCH methodology ,RESPIRATORY measurements ,EVALUATION research ,MEDICAL cooperation ,CYSTIC fibrosis ,COMPARATIVE studies ,GENES ,RESEARCH funding ,CYTOLOGY - Abstract
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening, multisystem hereditary disease caused by abnormal chloride transport. CF lung disease is driven by innate immune dysfunction and exaggerated inflammatory responses that contribute to tissue injury. To define the transcriptional profile of this airway immune dysfunction, we performed the first single-cell transcriptome characterization of CF sputum.Objectives: To define the transcriptional profile of sputum cells and its implication in the pathogenesis of immune function and the development of CF lung disease.Methods: We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of sputum cells from nine subjects with CF and five healthy control subjects. We applied novel computational approaches to define expression-based cell function and maturity profiles, herein called transcriptional archetypes.Measurements and Main Results: The airway immune cell repertoire shifted from alveolar macrophages in healthy control subjects to a predominance of recruited monocytes and neutrophils in CF. Recruited lung mononuclear phagocytes were abundant in CF and were separated into the following three archetypes: activated monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, and heat shock-activated monocytes. Neutrophils were the most prevalent in CF, with a dominant immature proinflammatory archetype. Although CF monocytes exhibited proinflammatory features, both monocytes and neutrophils showed transcriptional evidence of abnormal phagocytic and cell-survival programs.Conclusions: Our findings offer an opportunity to understand subject-specific immune dysfunction and its contribution to divergent clinical courses in CF. As we progress toward personalized applications of therapeutic and genomic developments, we hope this inflammation-profiling approach will enable further discoveries that change the natural history of CF lung disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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15. Profiling Early Humoral Response to Diagnose Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19).
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Guo, Li, Ren, Lili, Yang, Siyuan, Xiao, Meng, Chang, De, Yang, Fan, Cruz, Charles S Dela, Wang, Yingying, Wu, Chao, Xiao, Yan, Zhang, Lulu, Han, Lianlian, Dang, Shengyuan, Xu, Yan, Yang, Qi-Wen, Xu, Sheng-Yong, Zhu, Hua-Dong, Xu, Ying-Chun, Jin, Qi, and Sharma, Lokesh
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DYNAMICS ,ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay ,IMMUNOENZYME technique ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,POLYMERASE chain reaction ,TIME ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ANTIBODY formation ,COVID-19 - Abstract
Background The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major healthcare threat. The current method of detection involves a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)–based technique, which identifies the viral nucleic acids when present in sufficient quantity. False-negative results can be achieved and failure to quarantine the infected patient would be a major setback in containing the viral transmission. We aim to describe the time kinetics of various antibodies produced against the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and evaluate the potential of antibody testing to diagnose COVID-19. Methods The host humoral response against SARS-CoV-2, including IgA, IgM, and IgG response, was examined by using an ELISA-based assay on the recombinant viral nucleocapsid protein. 208 plasma samples were collected from 82 confirmed and 58 probable cases (qPCR negative but with typical manifestation). The diagnostic value of IgM was evaluated in this cohort. Results The median duration of IgM and IgA antibody detection was 5 (IQR, 3–6) days, while IgG was detected 14 (IQR, 10–18) days after symptom onset, with a positive rate of 85.4%, 92.7%, and 77.9%, respectively. In confirmed and probable cases, the positive rates of IgM antibodies were 75.6% and 93.1%, respectively. The detection efficiency by IgM ELISA is higher than that of qPCR after 5.5 days of symptom onset. The positive detection rate is significantly increased (98.6%) when combining IgM ELISA assay with PCR for each patient compared with a single qPCR test (51.9%). Conclusions The humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 can aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19, including subclinical cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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16. Adding Insult to Injury - Does COVID-19 Promote ARDS by Inhibiting Surfactant?
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Richmond, Bradley W. and Cruz, Charles S. Dela
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COVID-19 ,SURFACE active agents ,ADULT respiratory distress syndrome ,DEVELOPMENTAL biology ,WOUNDS & injuries - Abstract
The article discusses a study which determined whether COVID-19 promotes acute respiratory distress syndrome by inhibiting surfactant. Topics covered include the importance of pulmonary surfactant, association of anti-surfactant protein (SP) B/C Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies with COVID-19 severity and the reason why COVID-19 pneumonia induces formation of anti-SP-B/C IgA antibodies. It also cites the limitations of the study.
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- 2023
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17. Pneumococcal Vaccination Strategies. An Update and Perspective.
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Berical, Andrew C., Harris, Drew, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Possick, Jennifer D., and Dela Cruz, Charles S
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Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important global pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical disease in children and adults. Pneumococcal pneumonia is by far the common presentation of noninvasive and invasive pneumococcal disease and affects the young, the elderly, and the immunocompromised disproportionately. Patients with chronic pulmonary diseases are also at higher risk for pneumococcal infections. Substantial progress over the century has been made in the understanding of pneumococcal immunobiology and the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease through vaccination. Currently, two pneumococcal vaccines are available for individuals at risk of pneumococcal disease: the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) and the 13-valent pneumococcal protein-conjugate vaccine (PCV13). The goal of pneumococcal vaccination is to stimulate effective antipneumococcal antibody and mucosal immunity response and immunological memory. Vaccination of infants and young children with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has led to significant decrease in nasal carriage rates and pneumococcal disease in all age groups. Recent pneumococcal vaccine indication and schedule recommendations on the basis of age and risk factors are outlined in this Focused Review. As new pneumococcal vaccine recommendations are being followed, continued efforts are needed to address the vaccine efficacy in the waning immunity of the ever-aging population, the implementation of vaccines using two different vaccines under very specific schedules and their real world clinical and cost effectiveness, and the development of next generation pneumococcal vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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18. Chitinase 3-like-1 Regulates Both Visceral Fat Accumulation and Asthma-like Th2 Inflammation.
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Ahangari, Farida, Sood, Akshay, Ma, Bing, Takyar, Seyedtaghi, Schuyler, Mark, Qualls, Clifford, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Chupp, Geoffrey L., Lee, Chun G., and Elias, Jack A.
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- 2015
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19. COVID-19: How Do We Stay Safe?
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Carlos, W Graham, Cruz, Charles S Dela, Cao, Bin, Gross, Jane E, Pasnick, Susan, and Jamil, Shazia
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COVID-19 ,SOCIAL distancing - Abstract
The article highlights several prevention and control of COVID-19 infection. Topics include until the pandemic is over, maintain social distancing; wash hands often and for at least 20 seconds with soap and water; and wear a facemask covering both nose and mouth.
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- 2020
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20. Novel Wuhan (2019-nCoV) Coronavirus.
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Carlos, W. Graham, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Bin Cao, Pasnick, Susan, and Jamil, Shazia
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CORONAVIRUSES ,HUMAN beings ,ZOOLOGICAL specimens ,INFECTION ,GASTROINTESTINAL diseases - Abstract
The article provides information related to human health which includes novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City, China. Topics include clinical presentation of Coronaviruses among humans, other mammals and birds; procedures of reporting, testing, and specimen collection of Coronaviruses; and prevention of its infection, exposure and spreading causing respiratory infections including hepatic, gastrointestinal and neurological diseases.
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- 2020
21. Vaping-associated Pulmonary Illness (VAPI).
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Carlos, W. Graham, Alexander, Laura E. Crotty, Gross, Jane E., Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Keller, Jonathan M., Pasnick, Susan, Jamil, Shazia, Crotty Alexander, Laura E, and Dela Cruz, Charles S
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The article inform the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has reported cases of Vapingassociated Pulmonary Illness (VAPI). Topic include the CDC has reported an epidemic of "severe lung disease" caused by vaping; associated lab findings in patients with VAPI are variable and non-specific; and based on limited experience to date, treatment with corticosteroids may improve symptoms in cases.
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- 2019
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22. Reply to Suri et al.
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De Chang, Guoxin Mo, Xin Yuan, Yi Tao, Xiaohua Peng, Fusheng Wang, Lixin Xie, Sharma, Lokesh, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, and Enqiang Qin
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SARS disease ,COVID-19 - Published
- 2020
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23. Volcanic Eruptions and Threats to Respiratory Health.
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Carlos, W. Graham, Gross, Jane E., Jamil, Shazia, Cruz, Charles S. Dela, Damby, David, Tam, Elizabeth, and Dela Cruz, Charles S
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- 2018
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24. Cutting Edge: Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Humans Is Defined by a Shift in the Serum Lipidome, Resulting in Dysregulation of Eicosanoid Immune Mediators.
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Schwarz, Benjamin, Sharma, Lokesh, Roberts, Lydia, Xiaohua Peng, Bermejo, Santos, Leighton, Ian, Casanovas-Massana, Arnau, Minasyan, Maksym, Farhadian, Shelli, Ko, Albert I., Cruz, Charles S. Dela, and Bosio, Catharine M.
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SARS-CoV-2 , *COVID-19 , *UNSATURATED fatty acids , *COVID-19 pandemic , *CYTOCHROME P-450 - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 20 million people worldwide, with mortality exceeding 800,000 patients. Risk factors associated with severe disease and mortality include advanced age, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Each of these risk factors pathologically disrupts the lipidome, including immunomodulatory eicosanoid and docosanoid lipid mediators (LMs). We hypothesized that dysregulation of LMs may be a defining feature of the severity of COVID-19. By examining LMs and polyunsaturated fatty acid precursor lipids in serum from hospitalized COVID-19 patients, we demonstrate that moderate and severe disease are separated by specific differences in abundance of immune-regulatory and proinflammatory LMs. This difference in LM balance corresponded with decreased LM products of ALOX12 and COX2 and an increase LMs products of ALOX5 and cytochrome p450. Given the important immune-regulatory role of LMs, these data provide mechanistic insight into an immunolipidomic imbalance in severe COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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25. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes for 7,995 Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
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McPadden J, Warner F, Young HP, Hurley NC, Pulk RA, Singh A, Durant TJ, Gong G, Desai N, Haimovich A, Taylor RA, Gunel M, Cruz CSD, Farhadian SF, Siner J, Villanueva M, Churchwell K, Hsiao A, Torre CJ Jr, Velazquez EJ, Herbst RS, Iwasaki A, Ko AI, Mortazavi BJ, Krumholz HM, and Schulz WL
- Abstract
Objective: Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV-2) has infected millions of people worldwide. Our goal was to identify risk factors associated with admission and disease severity in patients with SARS-CoV-2., Design: This was an observational, retrospective study based on real-world data for 7,995 patients with SARS-CoV-2 from a clinical data repository., Setting: Yale New Haven Health (YNHH) is a five-hospital academic health system serving a diverse patient population with community and teaching facilities in both urban and suburban areas., Populations: The study included adult patients who had SARS-CoV-2 testing at YNHH between March 1 and April 30, 2020., Main Outcome and Performance Measures: Primary outcomes were admission and in-hospital mortality for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection as determined by RT-PCR testing. We also assessed features associated with the need for respiratory support., Results: Of the 28605 patients tested for SARS-CoV-2, 7995 patients (27.9%) had an infection (median age 52.3 years) and 2154 (26.9%) of these had an associated admission (median age 66.2 years). Of admitted patients, 2152 (99.9%) had a discharge disposition at the end of the study period. Of these, 329 (15.3%) required invasive mechanical ventilation and 305 (14.2%) expired. Increased age and male sex were positively associated with admission and in-hospital mortality (median age 80.7 years), while comorbidities had a much weaker association with the risk of admission or mortality. Black race (OR 1.43, 95%CI 1.14-1.78) and Hispanic ethnicity (OR 1.81, 95%CI 1.50-2.18) were identified as risk factors for admission, but, among discharged patients, age-adjusted in-hospital mortality was not significantly different among racial and ethnic groups., Conclusions: This observational study identified, among people testing positive for SARSCoV-2 infection, older age and male sex as the most strongly associated risks for admission and in-hospital mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. While minority racial and ethnic groups had increased burden of disease and risk of admission, age-adjusted in-hospital mortality for discharged patients was not significantly different among racial and ethnic groups. Ongoing studies will be needed to continue to evaluate these risks, particularly in the setting of evolving treatment guidelines., Competing Interests: Competing Interests H.M.K. works under contract with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to support quality measurement programs; was a recipient of a research grant, through Yale, from Medtronic and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to develop methods for post-market surveillance of medical devices; was a recipient of a research grant from Johnson & Johnson, through Yale University, to support clinical trial data sharing; was a recipient of a research agreement, through Yale University, from the Shenzhen Center for Health Information for work to advance intelligent disease prevention and health promotion; collaborates with the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases in Beijing; receives payment from the Arnold & Porter Law Firm for work related to the Sanofi clopidogrel litigation, from the Martin Baughman Law Firm for work related to the Cook Celect IVC filter litigation, and from the Siegfried and Jensen Law Firm for work related to Vioxx litigation; chairs a Cardiac Scientific Advisory Board for UnitedHealth; was a member of the IBM Watson Health Life Sciences Board; is a member of the Advisory Board for Element Science, the Advisory Board for Facebook, and the Physician Advisory Board for Aetna; and is the co-founder of HugoHealth, a personal health information platform, and co-founder of Refactor Health, a healthcare AI-augmented data management company. W.L.S. was an investigator for a research agreement, through Yale University, from the Shenzhen Center for Health Information for work to advance intelligent disease prevention and health promotion; collaborates with the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases in Beijing; is a technical consultant to HugoHealth, a personal health information platform, and cofounder of Refactor Health, an AI-augmented data management platform for healthcare; is a consultant for Interpace Diagnostics Group, a molecular diagnostics company.
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- 2020
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26. Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans is defined by a shift in the serum lipidome resulting in dysregulation of eicosanoid immune mediators.
- Author
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Schwarz B, Sharma L, Roberts L, Peng X, Bermejo S, Leighton I, Massana AC, Farhadian S, Ko AI, Cruz CSD, and Bosio CM
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 10 million people worldwide with mortality exceeding half a million patients. Risk factors associated with severe disease and mortality include advanced age, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.
1 Clear mechanistic understanding of how these comorbidities converge to enable severe infection is lacking. Notably each of these risk factors pathologically disrupts the lipidome and this disruption may be a unifying feature of severe COVID-19.1-7 Here we provide the first in depth interrogation of lipidomic changes, including structural-lipids as well as the eicosanoids and docosanoids lipid mediators (LMs), that mark COVID-19 disease severity. Our data reveal that progression from moderate to severe disease is marked by a loss of specific immune regulatory LMs and increased pro-inflammatory species. Given the important immune regulatory role of LMs, these data provide mechanistic insight into the immune balance in COVID-19 and potential targets for therapy with currently approved pharmaceuticals.8 ., Competing Interests: Competing Interests The authors declare no competing interests- Published
- 2020
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27. Circulating Markers of Angiogenesis and Endotheliopathy in COVID-19.
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Meizlish ML, Pine AB, Goshua G, Chang CH, Zhang H, Bishai J, Bahel P, Patel A, Gbyli R, Kwan J, Price C, Cruz CSD, Halene S, van Dijk D, Hwa J, Lee AI, and Chun HJ
- Abstract
Despite over 9.3 million infected and 479,000 deaths, the pathophysiological factors that determine the wide spectrum of clinical outcomes in COVID-19 remain inadequately defined. Importantly, patients with underlying cardiovascular disease have been found to have worse clinical outcomes,1 and autopsy findings of endotheliopathy as well as angiogenesis in COVID-19 have accumulated.2,3 Nonetheless, circulating vascular markers associated with disease severity and mortality have not been reliably established. To address this limitation and better understand COVID-19 pathogenesis, we report plasma profiling of factors related to the vascular system from a series of patients admitted to Yale-New Haven Hospital with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 via PCR, which demonstrate significant increase in markers of angiogenesis and endotheliopathy in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
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- 2020
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28. Diagnosis and Management of COVID-19 Disease.
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Jamil S, Mark N, Carlos G, Cruz CSD, Gross JE, and Pasnick S
- Subjects
- COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Humans, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology, SARS-CoV-2, Betacoronavirus, Coronavirus Infections diagnosis, Coronavirus Infections therapy, Pneumonia, Viral diagnosis, Pneumonia, Viral therapy
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- 2020
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29. High endocan levels are associated with the need for mechanical ventilation among patients with severe sepsis.
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Mangat M, Amalakuhan B, Habib S, Reyes LF, Hinojosa CA, Rodriguez AH, Soni NJ, Anzueto A, Levine SM, Peters JI, Aliberti S, Sibila O, Rello J, Witzenrath M, Waterer GW, Martin-Loeches I, Blanquer J, Sanz F, Marcos PJ, Solé-Violán J, Chalmers JD, Feldman C, Wunderink RG, Cruz CSD, Orihuela CJ, and Restrepo MI
- Subjects
- Aged, Critical Care, Cytokines metabolism, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Intensive Care Units, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Insufficiency, Stress, Mechanical, Biomarkers blood, Neoplasm Proteins blood, Proteoglycans blood, Respiration, Artificial, Sepsis blood, Sepsis physiopathology, Sepsis therapy
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: Disclosures can be found alongside this article at erj.ersjournals.com
- Published
- 2017
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