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Abstract Leptospirosis is a global disease that impacts people worldwide, particularly in humid and tropical regions, and is associated with significant socio-economic deficiencies. Its symptoms are often confused with other syndromes, which can compromise clinical diagnosis and the failure to carry out specific laboratory tests. In this respect, this paper presents a study of three algorithms (Decision Tree, Random Forest and Adaboost) for predicting the outcome (cure or death) of individuals with leptospirosis. Using the records contained in the government National System of Aggressions and Notification (SINAN, in portuguese) from 2007 to 2017, for the state of Pará, Brazil, where the temporal attributes of health care, symptoms (headache, vomiting, jaundice, calf pain) and clinical evolution (renal failure and respiratory changes) were used. In the performance evaluation of the selected models, it was observed that the Random Forest exhibited an accuracy of 90.81% for the training dataset, considering the attributes of experiment 8, and the Decision Tree presented an accuracy of 74.29 for the validation database. So, this result considers the best attributes pointed out by experiment 10: time first symptoms medical attention, time first symptoms ELISA sample collection, medical attention hospital admission time, headache, calf pain, vomiting, jaundice, renal insufficiency, and respiratory alterations. The contribution of this article is the confirmation that artificial intelligence, using the Decision Tree model algorithm, depicting the best choice as the final model to be used in future data for the prediction of human leptospirosis cases, helping in the diagnosis and course of the disease, aiming to avoid the evolution to death.

Leptospirosis is a global disease that impacts people worldwide, particularly in humid and tropical regions, and is associated with significant socio-economic deficiencies. Its symptoms are often confused with other syndromes, which can compromise clinical diagnosis and the failure to carry out specific laboratory tests. In this respect, this paper presents a study of three algorithms (Decision Tree, Random Forest and Adaboost) for predicting the outcome (cure or death) of individuals with leptospirosis. Using the records contained in the government National System of Aggressions and Notification (SINAN, in portuguese) from 2007 to 2017, for the state of Pará, Brazil, where the temporal attributes of health care, symptoms (headache, vomiting, jaundice, calf pain) and clinical evolution (renal failure and respiratory changes) were used. In the performance evaluation of the selected models, it was observed that the Random Forest exhibited an accuracy of 90.81% for the training dataset, considering the attributes of experiment 8, and the Decision Tree presented an accuracy of 74.29 for the validation database. So, this result considers the best attributes pointed out by experiment 10: time first symptoms medical attention, time first symptoms ELISA sample collection, medical attention hospital admission time, headache, calf pain, vomiting, jaundice, renal insufficiency, and respiratory alterations. The contribution of this article is the confirmation that artificial intelligence, using the Decision Tree model algorithm, depicting the best choice as the final model to be used in future data for the prediction of human leptospirosis cases, helping in the diagnosis and course of the disease, aiming to avoid the evolution to death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil dos pacientes com transtornos alimentares (TAs) atendidos por um serviço especializado e investigar os fatores associados ao desfecho do tratamento. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, realizado com dados de pacientes com TAs que fizeram seguimento em um serviço especializado, desde a sua criação, em 1982, até 2019. Foram coletadas informações, nos prontuários médicos, referentes ao primeiro atendimento, de natureza sociodemográfica, clínica e antropométrica, e ao desfecho do tratamento. Resultados: Foram incluídos 271 pacientes. A amostra foi predominantemente do sexo feminino (89,7%), com idade média de 21,5 ± 9 anos, sem companheiro (86,9%) e diagnóstico de anorexia nervosa (AN) (65,7%), e o índice de massa corporal mais frequente foi de magreza (53,9%). A metade dos indivíduos tinha comorbidades psiquiátricas (50,6%), e 88,5% dos pacientes (n = 100) dos 113 prontuários com essa informação realizaram tratamento anterior. O tempo médio de tratamento foi de 2,16 ± 3,25 anos (1 mês a 40 anos). O abandono foi o desfecho terapêutico mais prevalente na amostra (68,3%). O maior tempo de tratamento e a realização de tratamento anterior reduziram a taxa de abandono, de forma significativa (p = 0,0001 e p = 0,0101, respectivamente). Para os pacientes com diagnóstico de transtorno de personalidade, a média de encaminhamento/inassistência foi 4,47 vezes maior (p = 0,0003). Conclusões: O perfil dos pacientes foi composto por mulheres adultas jovens, estudantes, sem companheiro, com AN, magreza e comorbidades psiquiátricas. A taxa de abandono foi elevada, e os fatores associados foram o tempo de tratamento e a realização de tratamento anterior. Além disso, transtornos de personalidade foram associados a encaminhamento para outro serviço e alta por inassistência.

Introduction: Heart disease and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Advances in cancer screening and management have led to longer survival and better quality of life. Despite this progress, many cancer patients experience cardiovascular complications during and after cancer treatment. This study describes the experience of a cardio-oncology program at tertiary academic hospital. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, cancer patients referred to the CHULN cardio-oncology consultation (COC) between January 2016 and December of 2019 were included. Data collected included: patient demographics, cancer type, reason for referral, cardiovascular risk factors, cardiac and oncologic treatments and clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 520 patients (mean age: 65 ± 14 years; 65% women) were referred to the COC. The main reasons for referral were suspected heart failure (26%), pre-high risk chemotherapy assessment (20%) and decreased LVEF (15%). Pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors were common (79%) and 309 (59%) were taking cardiac medications. The most common type of malignancy was breast cancer (216, 41%) followed by gastrointestinal (139, 27%). More than half received anthracycline-based regimens (303, 58%). Most patients (401; 77%) successfully completed cancer therapy. At the time of last data collection, the majority of patients were alive (430, 83%). Cardiac-related mortality was observed in 16%. Conclusions: The close collaboration between cardiology and oncology teams and timely cardiac monitoring was the key to the majority of patients to completing their prescribed cancer therapy. Resumo: Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares e o cancro são as principais causas de morbilidade e mortalidade em todo o mundo. Avanços na triagem e tratamento do cancro têm permitido uma sobrevivência mais longa e uma melhor qualidade de vida. Apesar deste progresso, muitos pacientes com cancro apresentam complicações cardiovasculares durante e após o tratamento oncológico. Este estudo descreve a experiência de um programa de cardio-oncologia num hospital universitário terciário. Métodos: Neste estudo observacional retrospetivo, foram incluídos pacientes com cancro referenciados para consulta de cardio-oncologia (CCO) do CHULN entre janeiro de 2016 e dezembro de 2019. Os dados coletados foram: dados demográficos, tipo de cancro, motivo de referenciação, fatores de risco cardiovasculares (FRCV), terapêutica cardíaca e oncológica e desfechos clínicos. Resultados: Foram referenciados para a CCO, 520 pacientes (idade média: 65 ± 14 anos; 65% mulheres). Os principais motivos de referenciação foram: suspeita de insuficiência cardíaca (26%), avaliação pré-quimioterapia de alto risco (20%) e diminuição da FEVE (15%). CVRF pré-existentes foram frequentes (79%) e 309 (59%) estavam com terapêutica cardiovascular. O tipo de cancro mais frequente foi o cancro da mama (216; 41%), seguido pelo cancro gastrointestinal (139; 27%). Mais da metade dos pacientes tez terapêutica oncológica baseada em antraciclinas (303, 58%). A maioria dos pacientes (401; 77%) completou com sucesso a terapêutica oncológica. Na altura da última coleta de dados a maioria dos pacientes estava viva (430, 83%). A mortalidade relacionada com o coração foi observada em 16%. Conclusões: A estreita colaboração entre as equipas de cardiologia e oncologia e a monitorização cardíaca atempada foi decisiva para que a maioria dos pacientes concluísse o tratamento oncológico.

Bariatric surgery is an alternative for morbid obesity treatment. Some factors can impact the postoperative results related to weight loss. The objective of this research was to unveil the influence of preoperative expectations that have the potential to be linked to the unfavorable outcome. This retrospective, case-control study considered 44 cases of failure for 88 success controls in a randomized sample of patients operated on in a Brazilian School Hospital. The results revealed that expectations related to the reduction of social prejudice and the improvement of work capacity and conditions are associated with an unsatisfactory response to the expected excess weight loss in this surgical procedure. Failures in previous treatments for obesity control were identified as a favorable indicator related to success in weight loss after surgery. And there was no association of other psychological disorders with the result of failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgeries in the head and neck worldwide. This operation is carried out by different methods, the most frequent of which are the cold dissection and bipolar electrocautery techniques. Objective: This study was conducted to assess and compare postoperative morbidity between cold dissection and bipolar electrocautery. Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial was performed on 534 patients who underwent tonsillectomy in Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Birjand, east of Iran from October, 2013 to October, 2015. The patients were systematically selected for cold dissection technique or bipolar electrocautery technique groups. Time of surgery, amount of intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hemorrhage, the intensity of local pain 4 and 24 hours after operation and nausea and/or vomiting were recorded and compared in the two groups to decide which technique is better. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (ver-22). The p-value less than 0.5 was considered significant. Results: In this study, 51.7% of the cold dissection technique patients and 50.6% of the bipolar electrocautery technique participants were male. Compared to the cold dissection technique, the average intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower (p

Análise do modo como dois textos (“Conto brevíssimo”, de Jorge de Sena, e “Isto não é um conto”, de Denis Diderot) exploram a subversão de diferentes princípios narrativos do conto, jogando não só com os seus elementos mais firmemente estabelecidos como também com as expectativas do leitor, frustrando-as de forma mais ou menos deliberada. O conto de Sena começa – e termina – com uma (auto)reflexão sobre o tema da brevidade no conto e das implicações desta tensão no próprio acto de narrar, deixando apenas um brevíssimo espaço para a exposição da narrativa, num movimento que o mesmo identifica como “desistência de narrar”. No conto de Diderot, o autor aproveita-se das expectativas do leitor, antecipando desde logo um desfecho que irá, no final, corresponder à totalidade das premissas reveladas. A ausência de um elemento de perturbação, num texto em que acontece exactamente aquilo que o narrador avisa no seu início, torna-se ensurdecedora e, ao mesmo tempo, provocante, se considerarmos a advertência traduzida quer no seu título como na passagem subsequente: “ou que é, em caso de dúvida, um mau conto”. Em ambos os casos está subjacente – e em grande parte através do uso de mecanismos de ironia – uma provocação que expõe a necessidade da sua reinterpretação à luz dos respectivos princípios que procuram fracturar.

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Objective: to analyze factors associated with unfavorable outcomes caused by syphilis infection in pregnancy. Methods: descriptive study carried out from May to August 2014, in public maternity hospitals. A questionnaire was administered to all women with a reactive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test result and the data were supplemented with information from medical records and prenatal files. The bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact test. For the multivariate analysis, was used through the logistic regression model. Results: a total of 137 puerperal women participated in the study, of which 14.3% had an unfavorable outcome, namely: stillbirth (2.9%), preterm birth (8.8%) and low birth weight (2.9%). In the multivariate analysis the odds ratio for the prevalence of an unfavorable outcome was three-fold higher in women who did not undergo a second VDRL test (OR=3,54; IC95% 1,04-15,33) and two-fold higher in women with a VDRL titer >1:8 (OR=2,15; IC95% 1,11-11,2). Conclusions: The unfavorable outcomes occurred in women who did not undergo the second VDRL test and those whose VDRL titer was >1:8 performed in the maternity hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O presente estudo visa avaliar os efeitos agudos da CPAP em portadores de DPOC exacerbado (fase pós-aguda), assim como a influência no desfecho da internação hospitalar. Foram selecionados 30 indivíduos portadores de DPOC exacerbado, orientados, submetidos ao uso da CPAP por 60 minutos, na posição semi-fowler (45º), verificada a f, SpO2, FC e PA e conectada a CPAP com máscara orofacial. Posteriormente, foram acompanhados para a verificação do desfecho da internação hospitalar. Apresentaram classificação GOLD leve 10%, moderado 43% e grave 47%, média de idade de 68.7 ±10.94 anos. Com relação ao desfecho da internação hospitalar foi observado que 11 indivíduos foram a óbito (36.67%), 16 indivíduos passaram por internação na UTI por um tempo médio de 4.0 ±3.0 dias. A indicação da CPAP nos portadores de DPOC exacerbado incluídos neste estudo produziu efeito agudo positivo pela melhora da SpO2. Entretanto, não houve influência no desfecho da internação hospitalar.

Objective: To verify if the positive pregnant women for GBS in the years 2011 to 2014 were treated with antibiotic prophylaxis adequate and if there are any complications with the baby after delivery. Methodology: The present study was conducted with 35 women from the municipalities of Bandeirantes and Cornélio Procópio. A form with open and closed questions was applied. Result: It was identified that 54.3% of women reported not having received intrapartum prophylaxis, and 22.8% had problems in the postpartum period, and 8.6% of newborns had health problems shortly after childbirth There was no infant death. Conclusion: It is relevant to reflect on the subject to verify the efficiency of the hospital attendance of these pregnant women and from these evaluations and analyzes, generate strategies to guarantee improvement in the assistance to pregnant women and the newborn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJETIVO:Avaliar a influência do excesso de peso materno na gestação, no parto e nos desfechos neonatais.MÉTODOS:Estudo transversal e retrospectivo que incluiu 298 puérperas. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas e acesso aos prontuários das pacientes. As puérperas foram divididas em três grupos, conforme o índice de massa corpórea pré-gestacional: normal (18,5–24,9 kg/m2); sobrepeso (25,0–29,9 kg/m2) e obesidade (≥30,0 kg/m2). Foram construídos modelos de regressão logística multinominal para ajustar o efeito das variáveis de confusão. Estabeleceram-se intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%).RESULTADOS:Comparadas às gestantes com peso normal, pacientes com sobrepeso apresentaram chances maiores de cesariana, sendo a odds ratio (OR) de 2,2 e IC95% 1,3–3,9, e as obesas tiveram ainda maiores (OR=4,2; IC95% 2,1–8,1). As chances de desenvolvimento de diabetes gestacional aumentaram nos grupos Sobrepeso (OR=2,5; IC95% 1,1–5,6) e Obesidade (OR=11,1; IC95% 5,0–24,6). A síndrome hipertensiva na gravidez também se mostrou mais provável nas gestantes com sobrepeso (OR=3,2; IC95% 1,2–8,1) e obesas (OR=7,5; IC95% 2,9–19,1). A hemorragia de grande porte no momento do parto somente apresentou maiores valores no grupo de obesas (OR=4,1; IC95% 1,1–15,8). Quanto aos recém-nascidos, a probabilidade de Apgar baixo no primeiro minuto foi superior entre as obesas (OR=5,5; IC95% 1,2–23,7), e a ocorrência de macrossomia aumentou nas mulheres com sobrepeso (OR=2,9; IC95% 1,3–6,3). Os resultados quanto à hipoglicemia neonatal não foram conclusivos.CONCLUSÃO:As chances de intercorrências maternas (diabetes gestacional, síndrome hipertensiva, hemorragia pós-parto) e neonatais (cesariana, macrossomia e escore Apgar baixo) foram maiores nos grupos com excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade).

Introdução: O transplante renal é realizado em condições de urgência em uma população com elevado risco perioperatório. Instrumentos de avaliação de risco pré-transplante nesta população são escassos. Objetivo: Construir um escore com variáveis pré-transplante para estimar a probabilidade de sucesso do transplante renal, definido como sobrevida do receptor e do enxerto, com creatinina < 1,5 mg/dl no 6º mês. Métodos: Análise das variáveis de pacientes de um centro único e especializado em transplante renal em São Paulo. A regressão logística foi utilizada para construção da equação com as variáveis capazes de estimar a probabilidade de sucesso. Atribuímos pontos inteiros às variáveis para a construção do escore. Resultados: Dos 305 pacientes analisados, 176 (57,7%) atingiram o sucesso. Das 23 variáveis identificadas pela análise univariada, 21 foram incluídas no modelo de regressão logística e as 10 que se mantiveram independentemente associadas com o sucesso foram utilizadas na construção do escore. Quatro destas 10 variáveis eram socioeconômicas. Foi ótimo (área sob a curva ROC = 0,817) o poder de discriminação entre os grupos sucesso e não sucesso e adequado (teste de Hosmer e Lemeshow = 0,672) o grau de concordância entre as frequências das probabilidades estimadas pela equação e as frequências das probabilidades reais observadas. Houve correlação (0,982) entre as probabilidades estimadas via sistema de pontuação e regressão logística. Conclusão: O escore de pontos apresentado simplificou a estratificação do risco do candidato ao transplante conforme a probabilidade de sucesso. As variáveis socioeconômicas exerceram influência no sucesso, demonstrando a necessidade da criação de instrumentos prognósticos utilizando as variáveis clínico-demográficas da nossa população.

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OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da internação sobre os desempenhos cognitivo e global em crianças admitidas na unidade de tratamento intensivo (UTI) pediátrica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. MÉTODOS: Estudo longitudinal, observacional de amostra seqüencial de crianças gravemente doentes. Foram utilizados os indicadores Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM), para gravidade e risco de morte na admissão, Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC), para morbidade cognitiva, e Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC), para morbidade global, na admissão e na alta. Para morbidade relacionada à UTI, foi utilizada a diferença entre as classificações de alta e de admissão (escores delta). Foi empregado o teste de Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 443 pacientes, sendo 54% do sexo masculino, com mediana de idade de 12 meses (IQ 4-45), e mediana de permanência na UTI de 4,24 dias (IQ 2,4-8). A taxa de mortalidade foi de 6,3%. A mediana do PIM foi de 2,36% (IQ 1-7). Na admissão, 46% dos pacientes tinham algum grau de morbidade cognitiva e 66% de morbidade global. Na alta, 60% de morbidade cognitiva e 86% de morbidade global. Na avaliação de morbidade relacionada à UTI, 25% dos pacientes mostraram variação na área cognitiva, enquanto que 41% mostraram variação global na alta em comparação à admissão. CONCLUSÕES: Ainda que influenciado por elevado grau de morbidade na admissão, o impacto da internação na UTI foi mais importante no domínio global do que no cognitivo. Da mesma forma, tanto o risco de morte na admissão quanto o tempo de permanência tiveram efeito significativo na morbidade dos pacientes gravemente doentes.OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil on children's cognitive and global performance. METHODS: An observational, longitudinal study of a sequential sample of critically ill children. The following indicators were used: the Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM), for severity and risk of death at admission, the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC), for cognitive morbidity and the Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC), for global morbidity, at admission and at discharge. Morbidity related to the ICU was measured according to the difference between classifications at discharge and at admission (delta scores). The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied. RESULTS: A total of 443 patients were assessed, 54% of whom were male, with a median age of 12 months (IQ 4-45), and a median ICU stay of 4.24 days (IQ 2.4-8). The mortality rate was 6.3%. The median PIM score was 2.36% (IQ 1-7). On admission, 46% of the patients had some degree of cognitive morbidity and 66% had some degree of global morbidity. At discharge there was 60% cognitive morbidity and 86% global morbidity. The assessment of ICU-related morbidity revealed that 25% of the patients had undergone cognitive changes while 41% had undergone global variations, at discharge compared with admission. CONCLUSIONS: Although affected by the elevated degree of morbidity at admission, the impact of the ICU stay was more significant in the global than in the cognitive domain. In the same manner, both risk of death at admission and length of stay had a significant effect on the morbidity of severely ill patients.

Copyright of Journal of Nursing UFPE / Revista de Enfermagem UFPE is the property of Revista de Enfermagem UFPE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

INTRODUCTION: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and exhibits high rates of resistance to several antimicrobial drugs. The carbapenens are usually the drugs of choice against this microorganism. However, the carbapenem resistance has increased among these strains worldwide. The presence of metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) has been pointed out as a major mechanism of resistance among these strains. No previous study addressed outcomes of respiratory infections caused by these strains. METHODS: Our group sought to analyze the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of patients with VAP caused by imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa. A total of 29 clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were screened for metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) genes. RESULTS: Demographic and clinical variables were similar between the SPM-1-producing and non-SPM-1-producing group. Five (17.2%) isolates were positive for blaSPM-1. No other MBL gene was found. All patients were treated with polymyxin B. The infection-related mortality was 40% and 54.2% for SPM-1-producing and -non-producing isolates, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There were no differences in epidemiological and clinical outcomes between the two groups.

“Quem teve a sorte de nascer personagem pode rir até da morte. As personagens não morrem”, escreveu Luigi Pirandello em Seis personagens à procura de um autor (1921). Mesmo que estas sejam executadas pelo autor podem permanecer camufladas entre as letras até serem despertadas. A sua morte é apenas ensaiada e nunca é sinónimo de despedida. Porém, não é apenas o acto de leitura que estende a mão às personagens e que as resgata do esquecimento. Muitas vezes elas são reanimadas por outros média ou por outras formas de expressão. Elas comprovam que um livro não tem um carácter ensimesmado, nem está circunscrito ao seu peso e medida. Ao extrapolarem a fronteira de papel e ao instalarem-se noutros formatos, elas permitem igualmente concluir que o livro mantém um diálogo contínuo com outras formas de representação. As personagens não temem a ambiguidade. Tanto embarcam numa sequência linear de eventos, como caminham sobre terreno irregular e enfrentam trilhos bifurcados. A noção de texto como um todo tem vindo a ser contrariada pela literatura impressa e pela literatura electrónica através das suas personagens. A construção de uma narrativa rizomática, a transgressão da barreira entre planos ficcionais, bem como a alteração do contrato entre autor e leitor antecederam a emergência do romance pós-modernista. Na literatura eletrónica é possível assistir a uma extensão desse processo com a adopção do computador como instrumento expressivo. Graças à sua capacidade de armazenamento de informação e velocidade de processamento, bem como à divisão entre interface e memória, é possível criar personagens dinâmicas que trocam autonomamente de posições ou identidade. Isto significa que o texto pode revelar um comportamento emergente e imprevisível. Este artigo pretende abordar o conceito de desfecho através da invocação de algumas personagens que embarcaram numa aventura impressa ou digital.

This study aims to evaluate the acute effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; post-acute phase), as well as the influence on the outcome of hospitalization. A total of 30 patients with exacerbated COPD were selected, oriented and submitted to the use of CPAP for 60 minutes in the semi-fowler position (45o), have been checked the respiratory rate (f), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR) and arterial pressure (AP) connected to CPAP with orofacial mask. Later, they were accompanied for checking the outcome of hospitalization. The patients mean age was 68.7 ± 10.94 years and showed the following classifications: GOLD 10%, moderate 43% and serious 47%. Regarding the outcome of hospitalization, it has been observed that 11 individuals died (36.67%), 16 were admitted to the ICU for an average of 4.0 ± 3.0 days. The indication of CPAP in patients with exacerbated COPD, included in this study, produced positive acute effect by the improvement of SpO2. However, there was no influence in the outcome of hospitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Justificativa e objetivo Em crianças submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca congênita, os níveis plasmáticos de peptídeo natriurético cerebral (PNC) podem ter um papel no desenvolvimento da síndrome de baixo débito cardíaco (SBDC), definida como uma combinação de achados clínicos e intervenções para aumentar o débito cardíaco em crianças com hipertensão pulmonar. Métodos Em um estudo prospectivo observacional, foram inscritas 51 crianças submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca congênita, com avaliação ecocardiográfica pré‐operatória que mostrava hipertensão pulmonar. Os níveis plasmáticos de PNC foram avaliados antes e 12, 24 e 48 h após a operação. Os pacientes incluídos no estudo foram divididos em dois grupos em função de: (1) desenvolvimento de SBDC; (2) determinação dos valores de corte de PNC no pré‐operatório pela análise da curva de funcionamento do receptor para SBDC. Os desfechos secundários foram: (1) duração da ventilação mecânica ≥ 72 h, (2) permanência em unidade de terapia intensiva > 7 dias e (3) mortalidade. Resultados Os níveis de PNC nos períodos pré‐ e pós‐operatório dos pacientes com ou sem SBDC (n = 35, n = 16, respectivamente) apresentaram diferenças significantes nos tempos de mensuração repetidos (p = 0,0001). O valor de corte de PNC de 125,5 pg mL −1 no pré‐operatório obteve a maior sensibilidade de 88,9% e especificidade de 96,9% para prever a SBDC em pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar. Uma boa correlação foi descoberta entre o nível plasmático de PNC no pré‐operatório e duração a ventilação mecânica (r = 0,67, p = 0,0001). Conclusões Em pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca congênita, 91% com níveis plasmáticos de PNC acima de 125,5 pg mL −1 no período pré‐operatório estão em risco de desenvolver a SBDC, que é um desfecho importante no pós‐operatório. Background and objectives In children undergoing congenital heart surgery, plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels may have a role in development of low cardiac output syndrome that is defined as a combination of clinical findings and interventions to augment cardiac output in children with pulmonary hypertension. Methods In a prospective observational study, fifty‐one children undergoing congenital heart surgery with preoperative echocardiographic study showing pulmonary hypertension were enrolled. The plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels were collected before operation, 12, 24 and 48 h after operation. The patients enrolled into the study were divided into two groups depending on: (1) Development of LCOS which is defined as a combination of clinical findings or interventions to augment cardiac output postoperatively; (2) Determination of preoperative brain natriuretic peptide cut‐off value by receiver operating curve analysis for low cardiac output syndrome. The secondary end points were: (1) duration of mechanical ventilation ≥72 h, (2) intensive care unit stay >7days, and (3) mortality. Results The differences in preoperative and postoperative brain natriuretic peptide levels of patients with or without low cardiac output syndrome (n = 35, n = 16, respectively) showed significant differences in repeated measurement time points (p = 0.0001). The preoperative brain natriuretic peptide cut‐off value of 125.5 pg mL‐1 was found to have the highest sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 96.9% in predicting low cardiac output syndrome in patients with pulmonary hypertension. A good correlation was found between preoperative plasma brain natriuretic peptide level and duration of mechanical ventilation (r = 0.67, p = 0.0001). Conclusions In patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing congenital heart surgery, 91% of patients with preoperative plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels above 125.5 pg mL‐1 are at risk of developing low cardiac output syndrome which is an important postoperative outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Heart disease and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Advances in cancer screening and management have led to longer survival and better quality of life. Despite this progress, many cancer patients experience cardiovascular complications during and after cancer treatment. This study describes the experience of a cardio-oncology program at tertiary academic hospital., Methods: In this retrospective observational study, cancer patients referred to the CHULN cardio-oncology consultation (COC) between January 2016 and December of 2019 were included. Data collected included: patient demographics, cancer type, reason for referral, cardiovascular risk factors, cardiac and oncologic treatments and clinical outcomes., Results: A total of 520 patients (mean age: 65 ± 14 years; 65% women) were referred to the COC. The main reasons for referral were suspected heart failure (26%), pre-high risk chemotherapy assessment (20%) and decreased LVEF (15%). Pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors were common (79%) and 309 (59%) were taking cardiac medications. The most common type of malignancy was breast cancer (216, 41%) followed by gastrointestinal (139, 27%). More than half received anthracycline-based regimens (303, 58%). Most patients (401; 77%) successfully completed cancer therapy. At the time of last data collection, the majority of patients were alive (430, 83%). Cardiac-related mortality was observed in 16%., Conclusions: The close collaboration between cardiology and oncology teams and timely cardiac monitoring was the key to the majority of patients to completing their prescribed cancer therapy., (Copyright © 2022 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introdução: A regressão por redução de posto (RRR) é uma técnica que vem sendo empregada na epidemiologia nutricional desde 2004. O objetivo dela é encontrar padrões alimentares associados a algum desfecho. Assim, ela é considerada uma técnica que combina informações a priori e a posteriori. A informação a priori é um conhecimento prévio da associação entre as variáveis intermediárias (biomarcadores, nutrientes) e o desfecho (doença), e a posteriori é a combinação entre as variáveis intermediárias e o consumo alimentar (variáveis preditoras). A RRR tenta explicar o máximo possível da variação das variáveis intermediárias através das variáveis preditoras. Objetivos: Fornecer uma breve revisão teórica da técnica e descrever as rotinas computacionais em SAS. Métodos: Análise ilustrativa utilizando-se dados do estudo “Condições de saúde das mulheres: estudo de base populacional na região do Vale do Rio dos Sinos”. Foram utilizadas como variáveis intermediárias o consumo dos nutrientes sódio, potássio e gordura saturada; as variáveis preditoras foram a frequência de consumo de 70 tipos de alimentos. Conclusão: A RRR é uma poderosa ferramenta para detectar padrões alimentares que podem estar associados a alguma doença de interesse.

Introduction: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgeries in the head and neck worldwide. This operation is carried out by different methods, the most frequent of which are the cold dissection and bipolar electrocautery techniques., Objective: This study was conducted to assess and compare postoperative morbidity between cold dissection and bipolar electrocautery., Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial was performed on 534 patients who underwent tonsillectomy in Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Birjand, east of Iran from October, 2013 to October, 2015. The patients were systematically selected for cold dissection technique or bipolar electrocautery technique groups. Time of surgery, amount of intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hemorrhage, the intensity of local pain 4 and 24hours after operation and nausea and/or vomiting were recorded and compared in the two groups to decide which technique is better. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (ver-22). The p-value less than 0.5 was considered significant., Results: In this study, 51.7% of the cold dissection technique patients and 50.6% of the bipolar electrocautery technique participants were male. Compared to the cold dissection technique, the average intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower (p<0.001) in the bipolar electrocautery technique group, while the intensity of local pain 4 and 24hours after the operation was significantly higher (p<0.001). Other variables showed no significant differences between the two groups., Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present investigation, the bipolar electrocautery technique is suggested for tonsillectomy in children, while the cold dissection technique is preferred for adult patients., (Copyright © 2019 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Abstract Objective: to analyze factors associated with unfavorable outcomes caused by syphilis infection in pregnancy. Methods: descriptive study carried out from May to August 2014, in public maternity hospitals. A questionnaire was administered to all women with a reactive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test result and the data were supplemented with information from medical records and prenatal files. The bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact test. For the multivariate analysis, was used through the logistic regression model. Results: a total of 137 puerperal women participated in the study, of which 14.3% had an unfavorable outcome, namely: stillbirth (2.9%), preterm birth (8.8%) and low birth weight (2.9%). In the multivariate analysis the odds ratio for the prevalence of an unfavorable outcome was three-fold higher in women who did not undergo a second VDRL test (OR=3,54; IC95% 1,04-15,33) and two-fold higher in women with a VDRL titer >1:8 (OR=2,15; IC95% 1,11-11,2). Conclusions: The unfavorable outcomes occurred in women who did not undergo the second VDRL test and those whose VDRL titer was >1:8 performed in the maternity hospital.

Uma reinterpretação de uma importante afirmação do narrador de Dom Casmurro: em vez de tomar o capítulo XCVII por seu valor de face, como uma errata, sugiro que, mais do que constituir uma ruptura, ele constitui uma manifestação de um fenômeno mais amplo na obra machadiana, em que o desfecho é convocado e apressado. Concordando com o tenor Marcolini que a vida é uma opera, chamaríamos esse fenômeno de “finale allegro”.

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the association of echocardiogram, ferritin, C-reactive protein, and leukocyte count with unfavorable outcomes in pediatric sepsis. Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out from March to December 2014, with pediatric critical care patients aged between 28 days and 18 years. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of sepsis, need for mechanical ventilation for more than 48 h, and vasoactive drugs. Serum levels of C-reactive protein, ferritin, and leukocyte count were collected on the first day (D0), 24 h (D1), and 72 h (D3) after recruitment. Patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography to determine the ejection fraction of the left ventricle on D1 and D3. The outcomes measured were length of hospital stay and in the pediatric intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation duration, free hours of VM, duration of use of inotropic agents, maximum inotropic score, and mortality. Results: Twenty patients completed the study. Patients with elevated ferritin levels on D0 had also fewer ventilator-free hours (p = 0.046) and higher maximum inotropic score (p = 0.009). Patients with cardiac dysfunction by echocardiogram on D1 had longer hospital stay (p = 0.047), pediatric intensive care unit stay (p = 0.020), duration of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.011), maximum inotropic score (p = 0.001), and fewer ventilator-free hours (p = 0.020). Conclusion: Cardiac dysfunction by echocardiography and serum ferritin value was significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes in pediatric patients with sepsis.

Background and Objectives: In children undergoing congenital heart surgery, plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels may have a role in development of low cardiac output syndrome that is defined as a combination of clinical findings and interventions to augment cardiac output in children with pulmonary hypertension., Methods: In a prospective observational study, fifty-one children undergoing congenital heart surgery with preoperative echocardiographic study showing pulmonary hypertension were enrolled. The plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels were collected before operation, 12, 24 and 48h after operation. The patients enrolled into the study were divided into two groups depending on: (1) Development of LCOS which is defined as a combination of clinical findings or interventions to augment cardiac output postoperatively; (2) Determination of preoperative brain natriuretic peptide cut-off value by receiver operating curve analysis for low cardiac output syndrome. The secondary end points were: (1) duration of mechanical ventilation ≥72h, (2) intensive care unit stay >7days, and (3) mortality., Results: The differences in preoperative and postoperative brain natriuretic peptide levels of patients with or without low cardiac output syndrome (n=35, n=16, respectively) showed significant differences in repeated measurement time points (p=0.0001). The preoperative brain natriuretic peptide cut-off value of 125.5pgmL-1 was found to have the highest sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 96.9% in predicting low cardiac output syndrome in patients with pulmonary hypertension. A good correlation was found between preoperative plasma brain natriuretic peptide level and duration of mechanical ventilation (r=0.67, p=0.0001)., Conclusions: In patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing congenital heart surgery, 91% of patients with preoperative plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels above 125.5pgmL-1 are at risk of developing low cardiac output syndrome which is an important postoperative outcome., (Copyright © 2013 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)