Search

Author(s): Yizhi Li [1]; Zuoyao Qi [1]; Chichi Du [1]; Guan Jiang (corresponding author) [1] Introduction Actinic keratosis is formed by the proliferation of keratinocytes with different degrees of epidermis [...], Many articles have been published on actinic keratosis. Bibliometric analysis helps identify the most influential studies in a particular field, Our article was to identify the 100 most frequently cited references on actinic keratosis through bibliometric analysis. As of March 1, 2020, actinic keratosis was searched in the Web of Science database and ranked in order of the total number of citations. The top 100 most cited articles in actinic keratosis were analysed. The top 100 most cited articles on actinic keratosis were published between 1982 and 2020. The largest number of articles were published in a single interval in 2001-2005. The average annual citations increased first and then decreased. The total citations were positively correlated with annual citations. The 100 articles were classified into different research focuses: pathogenesis (33), treatment (24), clinical features and diagnosis (15), pathophysiology (8), epidemiology (5), associated diseases (2) and others (13). Among these 100 articles, 5 were clinical trials, 14 focused on the association between actinic keratosis and P53, and 9 reported the association between actinic keratosis and 5-aminolevulinic acid. The 100 articles were published in 38 journals by 87 different first corresponding authors from 15 different countries, mostly in the USA and Australia. Stockfleth, E from the University of Berlin published the most articles as the corresponding author. The top 100 cited references of actinic keratosis were identified and their bibliometric characteristics were analysed to lay a foundation for further research. Keywords: Actinic keratosis, review, top 100 most cited articles

Background: Onychomycosis (OM) is a common nail infection treated with amorolfine hydrochloride nail lacquer in China. Monitoring drug concentrations and using dermoscopy to evaluate treatment efficacy may provide new insights. Objective: The study aims to analyse amorolfine concentrations in nails with mild to moderate OM, assess treatment outcomes using dermoscopy and explore factors influencing drug concentrations and efficacy. Methods: Patients with mild to moderate OM confirmed by fungal microscopy were enrolled. Amorolfine nail lacquer was applied twice weekly for 36 weeks. Monthly nail samples measured amorolfine concentrations using liquid chromatography. Dermoscopy was performed before and after treatment to evaluate responses. Mixed‐effects models and logistic regression analysed factors affecting drug concentrations and outcomes. Results: Ninety‐seven nails were included. Amorolfine concentrations increased over time, with higher levels in females, fingernails, 2nd–5th digits and superficial white OM (p < 0.05). Age was a risk factor, while drug concentration and OM type were protective for clinical efficacy (p < 0.05). Peak concentration correlated with clinical (r = 0.487, p = 0.000) and mycological (r = 0.433, p = 0.000) responses. Dermoscopic features improved significantly in successful cases (p < 0.05). Limitations: In the assessment of fungal efficacy, only fungal microscopy was used, and fungal cultures were not performed. The study was limited by a small sample size and the lack of a longer follow‐up to assess relapse. Conclusion: Amorolfine concentrations vary with patient and nail characteristics, influencing efficacy. Dermoscopy is valuable for monitoring OM treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pellagra caused by niacin deficiency in alcoholics can be easily misdiagnosed because of similar symptoms to other alcohol‐related diseases and the lack of the classical triad of signs. Aim: This study aimed to define the clinical presentation of alcoholic pellagra for early diagnosis and timely treatment. Methods: The clinical data of 16 alcohol‐dependent patients who had pellagra and treated in our hospital from January 2002 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The local medical ethics committee approval (Medical Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hospital of XuZhou Medical University, XYFY2020‐KL247‐02) for this study has been obtained. Results: The main complaints of the 16 patients were skin lesions (six cases), diarrhea (six cases), and mental disorders (four cases). Then, 13 cases had typical skin lesions, and 3 patients had a full spectrum of diarrhea, dementia, and dermatitis (3D). In terms of the main diagnosis, 2 patients had pellagra and Wernicke's encephalopathy, 3 patients had pellagra and alcohol‐withdrawal syndrome, and the other patients had pellagra. After sufficient amounts of niacin and multivitamin B were given, clinical symptoms improved rapidly, and no sequelae were observed during follow‐up. Conclusions: Pellagra is rarely manifested as a full 3D spectrum, with only one or two characteristics, which lack diagnostic specificity, especially in individuals with alcoholism. Physicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion of niacin deficiency in alcoholics. Alcohol‐dependent patients with pellagra may be accompanied by complications of Wernicke's encephalopathy and alcohol‐withdrawal syndrome. Prompt identification and timely treatment with a sufficient amount of niacin in combination with other vitamins and a certain amount of Zn can achieve a good prognosis of pellagra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]