Search

This paper investigates servant leadership as a predictor of psychological empowerment in hospitality employees. The hypotheses suggest that employees' openness to experience predicts psychological empowerment and acts as a moderator of the relationship between servant leadership and empowerment. Using survey data from 154 hospitality service employees in 5-star hotels in Europe the study applies a hierarchical moderated multiple regression approach to test the main and interaction effects. The findings support the hypotheses of the study, demonstrating positive main effects of both servant leadership and openness on psychological empowerment as well as a significant interaction effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tipping is a social norm in many countries and has important functions as a source of income, with significant social welfare effects. Tipping can also represent a form of lost tax revenue, as service workers and restaurants may not declare all cash tips. These interrelationships remain generally insufficiently understood. This paper presents the results of a comparative survey of resident tipping patterns in restaurants in Spain, France, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, and the Netherlands. ANOVA and ANCOVA analyses confirm significant variation in tipping norms between countries, for instance with regard to the frequency of tipping and the proportion of tips in relation to bill size. The paper discusses these findings in the context of employment conditions and social welfare effects, comparing the European Union minimum wage model to gratuity-depending income approaches in the USA. Results have importance for the hospitality sector and policymakers concerned with social welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have shown that restaurant employees who use tip-enhancing behaviors such as smiling, introducing oneself by one's name or writing "thank you" on the bill receive more tips. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a training intervention about tip-enhancing behaviors on the amount of tips received by restaurant employees. The sample of this study comprised 143 employees working in 62 restaurants. Sixty-nine participants took part in the training intervention and 74 were in the control condition. After the training intervention, the amount of tips received by the employees was tracked over 5 days. Results showed that participants who followed the training intervention used more tip-enhancing behaviors than the participants in the control group, that a higher use of tip-enhancing behaviors was related to higher amount of tips and that the effect of the training intervention on the amount of tips was fully mediated by an increase in the use of tip-enhancing behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many studies have shown that structured interviews have better predictive validity than unstructured interviews. The aim of this study was, then, to examine if recruiters in Swiss hotels use structured interviews to select candidates. Results obtained on 150 recruiters indicate that selection interviews are rather unstructured. They also show that selection interviews are more structured in larger hotels than in smaller hotels and in chain hotels than in independent hotels. Finally, and contrarily to one of the hypotheses, selection interviews are not more structured in four-star and five-star hotels than in three-star hotels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The adsorption of CO2 on isostructural metal monoxides of rock-salt structure (CaO–NiO) is investigated by DFT to probe the surface properties. The nature of adsorption varies with M. Adsorption is found particularly large on TiO, VO and CrO which can be easily oxidized; it is then accompanied by an electron transfer leading to the formation of CO2 2− adsorbed on a lattice oxygen atom. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We present the results of an optical link to a corner cube on board a tethered balloon at 300 m altitude including a Tip/Tilt compensation for the balloon tracking. Our experiment measures the carrier phase of a 1542 nm laser, which is the useful signal for frequency comparison of distant clocks. An active phase noise compensation of the carrier is implemented, demonstrating a fractional frequency stability of 8 × 10 -19 after 16 s averaging, which slightly (factor ∼ 3) improves on best previous links via an airborne platform. This state-of-the-art result is obtained with a transportable set-up that enables a fast field deployment.