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Contemporary lymphoma radiation target volumes that rely on post-systemic therapy imaging do not have standardised nomenclature. A forum of radiation oncology lymphoma leaders from the National Clinical Trials Network groups (NRG Oncology, Children's Oncology Group, SWOG Cancer Research Network, Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-American College of Radiology Imaging Network Cancer Research Group, and the Canadian Cancer Trials Group) was convened and established standardised nomenclature for these volumes in the autumn of 2024. Involved-site radiotherapy includes the full cranial-caudal extent of prechemotherapy disease and takes into account axial anatomical changes only. Residual site radiotherapy targets only the postchemotherapy CT-anatomical mass. PET-directed radiotherapy exclusively targets PET-positive disease and includes three types: PET-directed involved site radiotherapy using the superior-inferior aspect of prechemotherapy involved disease sites that remain PET-avid on post-treatment imaging; PET-directed residual site radiotherapy using only the postchemotherapy CT-anatomical residual mass that contains the PET-avid lesion on post-treatment imaging, without excluding sites that had complete metabolic response; and PET-directed residual PET radiotherapy using only the PET-avid focus, irrespective of the corresponding adjacent non-PET-avid CT-anatomical disease surrounding it., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests LKB declares (in the last 36 months) payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers, bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events as visiting professor at University of Pittsburgh and Columbia University; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, for the American Board of Radiology as Oral Boards chair Hematology. SF declares (in the last 36 months) payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers, bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events as visiting professor at University of Kansas; participation on the Proton Collaborative Group Data Safety Monitoring Board; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as chair of Task Group Number 427 Technical Guidelines for the Use of Proton Therapy in Clinical Trials, for the American Association of Physicists in Medicine. JCG reports (without time limit) research in this publication was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the US National Institutes of Health, under award number U10CA180821 (to the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology). JCG declares (in the last 36 months) grants or contracts from Intra-op Medical as institutional support for clinical trial; honorarium payments from DAVA Oncology and Primo-Oncology; support for travel paid by Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology to attend their group meeting as the Publication Committee co-chair; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as Publications Committee co-chair at Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology, president and immediate past president, and a member of the board of directors at the International Society of Intraoperative Radiation Therapy, president and past president; is a councillor at the Ohio Radiological Society, Small Cell Lung Cancer Guideline, and a committee member at National Comprehensive Cancer Network. CSH declares (in the last 36 months) leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as chair of the Radiation Oncology Committee at SWOG since June, 2023. BSH declares (in the last 36 months) leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, unpaid, as NRG Hematologic Working Group co-chair; and travel support to semi-annual meetings from the Children's Oncology Group. SAM declares (in the last 36 months) support for travel to Children's Oncology Group meetings paid for by the Children's Oncology Group, and travel to a National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines meeting paid for by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, unpaid, as Children's Oncology Group Hodgkin Lymphoma Committee radiation oncology/imaging lead, American Radium Society Appropriate Use Criteria–Lymphoma chair, and a member of the International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics editorial board. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.)

Background: Utilizing the linear quadratic model and the radiosensitivity index (RSI), we have derived an expression for the genomically adjusted radiation dose (GARD) to model radiation dose effect. We hypothesize GARD is associated with local recurrence and can be used to optimize individual triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) radiation dose., Methods: TN patients from two independent datasets were assessed. The first cohort consisted of 58 patients treated at 5 European centers with breast conservation surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). The second dataset consisted of 55 patients treated with adjuvant radiation therapy., Findings: In cohort 1, multivariable analysis revealed that as a dichotomous variable (HR: 2.5 95% CI 1-7.1; p = .05), GARD was associated with local control. This was confirmed in the second independent dataset where GARD was the only significant factor associated with local control (HR: 4.4 95% CI 1.1-29.5; p = .04). We utilized GARD to calculate an individualized radiation dose for each TN patient in cohort 2 by determining the physical dose required to achieve the GARD target value (GARD ≥ 21). While 7% of patients were optimized with a dose of 30 Gy, 91% of patients would be optimized with 70 Gy., Interpretation: GARD is associated with local control following whole breast or post-mastectomy radiotherapy (RT) in TN patients. By modeling RT dose effect with GARD, we demonstrate that no single dose is optimal for all patients and propose the first dose range to optimize RT at an individual patient level in TNBC., (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Purpose: To assess outcomes with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and a low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy boost without or with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer., Materials and Methods: From January 2001 through August 2011, 120 intermediate-risk or high-risk prostate cancer patients were treated with EBRT to a total dose of 4,500 cGy in 25 daily fractions and a palladium-103 LDR brachytherapy boost of 10,000 cGy (n = 90) or an iodine-125 LDR brachytherapy boost of 11,000 cGy (n = 30). ADT, consisting of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist ± an anti-androgen, was administered to 29/92 (32%) intermediate-risk patients for a median duration of 4 months and 26/28 (93%) high-risk patients for a median duration of 28 months., Results: Median follow-up was 5.2 years (range, 1.1-12.8 years). There was no statistically-significant difference in biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), or overall survival (OS) without or with ADT. Also, therewas no statistically-significant difference in bDFS, DMFS, or OS with a palladium-103 vs. an iodine-125 LDR brachytherapy boost., Conclusions: There was no statistically-significant difference in outcomes with the addition of ADT, though the power of the current study was limited. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0815 and 0924 phase III trials, which have accrual targets of more than 1,500 men, will help to clarify the role ADT in locally-advanced prostate cancer patients treated with EBRT and a brachytherapy boost. Palladium-103 and iodine- 125 provide similar bDFS, DMFS, and OS.