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Objectives. Popliteal and infrapopliteal artery injuries have significant morbidity and mortality rates, especially in terms of amputation. In our study, we aimed to evaluate patients who operated due to popliteal and infrapopliteal vascular injuries in our clinic. Patients and Methods. Between 2016 and 2023; 21 patients who were operated in our clinic due to popliteal and infrapopliteal artery injuries were retrospectively evaluated. Results. 2 of the patients were female (9.5%) and 19 were male (90.5%). Age ranges were 21–78. The causes of injury were gunshot wounds in 9 patients (42.86%), blunt trauma in 7 patients (33.33%), and sharp object injuries in 5 patients (23.80%). Reversed saphenous vein interposition in 7 patients (33.33%), primary repair in 6 patients (28.57%), 6 mm polytetrafluoroethylene graft (PTFE) interposition in 3 patients (14.28%), end-to-end anastomosis in 2 patients (9.52%), saphenous-PTFE composite graft interposition in 2 patients (9.52%), and embolectomy in 1 patient (4.76%) were performed. Arterial ligation was not performed. Simultaneous orthopedic intervention was performed in 8 patients. Fasciotomy was performed in 3 patients. Venous repair was performed in 5 patients with venous injuries. Vein ligation was not performed. Mortality was observed postoperatively in 1 patient. No patient developed amputation. Foot drop developed with nerve damage in 2 patients. Conclusion. Mortality and morbidity rates may increase in popliteal and infrapopliteal artery injuries in cases of hemodynamic disorder, simultaneous bone fracture, multivessel injury, and nerve transection. These rates can be reduced by appropriate surgical repair and ensuring hemodynamic stability.

Objective:This study aimed to determine the sleep habits and sleep problems of patients with conduct disorder (CD) and to compare them with healthy controls.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study included 45 children diagnosed with CD and 50 healthy controls. Sleep was evaluated by children’s sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ). Qualitative variables between groups were compared using chi-square test, whereas quantitative variables were compared using t-test. Correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate relationships between the quantitative variables. Linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the predictors of severity of CD symptoms. P was set at 0.05.Results:The average ages of children in CD and control groups were 11.04±1.20 and 10.00±1.55 years, respectively. Moreover, 71.1% in the CD group were boys (vs. 78.0% in the control group). The groups were comparable in terms of socio-demographic features (all p>0.05). Scores of all CSHQ subscales were significantly elevated in the CD group compared with the control group (p

Background: Orofacial clefts are the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies, globally. However, few reports describe cleft demographic, clinical, and surgical information in a Turkish population. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the demographic, clinical, surgical information and outcomes of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) patients in Northwestern Turkey. Materials and Methods: We assessed demographic, clinical, operative characteristics, and postoperative complications data in this retrospective review of electronic medical records at a tertiary referral center from 2005 to 2015. Results: Our study included 150 CL/P patients (88 men, 62 women). Cleft lip and palate (CLP) was the most prevalent type of cleft (60%), followed by isolated cleft palate (31.3%) and isolated cleft lip (8.7%). The rates of maternal folic acid use, smoking, alcohol intake, and consanguinity were 83.3%, 5.3%, 1.3%, and 3.3%, respectively. Nasoalveolar molding was applied mostly in bilateral—not unilateral—CLP patients. The modified, extended Mohler technique was common for cleft lip repairs. Most cleft palate repairs used Bardach's two-flap palatoplasty combined with radical intravelar veloplasty. Most cases required grommet insertion. For cleft palate patients, myringotomy or paracentesis was performed in 12.8% of repairs, and acellular dermal matrix was used in 28.5% of repairs. Conclusion: Knowledge of CL/P characteristics is crucial for treatment planning and satisfactory health care. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess CLP data in a Turkish population.

Objective: The epigastric artery perforator flap is commonly used in the breast reconstruction. Ischemia during surgery results in the necrosis of the flap. We aimed to study the effect of fondaparinux in reperfusion injury in perforator flap model and determined its effects on the flap viability. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight female Wistar Albino rats were included in this study. Rats were separated into three groups: A control (n = 9), B ischemia (n = 9), and C ischemia + drug (n = 10). Superior epigastric artery perforator flap on the single perforator was elevated in all groups. In Group A, flap was sutured back. In Group B, ischemia was applied for 4 h to the pedicle. In Group C, fondaparinux was administered 30 min before the reperfusion of the flap. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels, and histopathological examination of the flaps were studied. Results: The mean survival areas of flaps were 92.5%, 50.1%, and 91.1% in Group A, Group B, and Group C, respectively. Statistical differences were observed between these values (P < 0.05). The means of MPO and MDA were 22.3 ng/ml and 4.5 nmol/ml; 31.1 ng/ml and 4.7 nmol/ml; 27.1 ng/ml and 4.5 nmol/ml, respectively, for Group A, Group B, and Group C, and no statistically significant difference was found between groups (P > 0.05). Histopathologically, statistically significant difference was found between Group A, Group B, and Group C in terms of the infiltration of the leukocytes with polymorph nuclei (PMNL) for 24 h (P < 0.05). In the histopathological examinations done at the 7th day, statistically significant difference was found between groups in terms of edema, necrosis, increase in connective tissue, and leukocytes with polymorph nuclei (PMNL) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Administration of fondaparinux after ischemia increased the flap viability in the epigastric artery perforator flap model.

In children and adolescents, especially younger ones, recurrent abdominal pains may develop as a response to psychosocial stressors. They may be considered as functional and be one of the common reasons for clinical referrals. A rare cause of recurrent, organic abdominal pain is abdominal epilepsy. Abdominal epilepsy may be considered in differential diagnosis of patients that were thought to have functional complaints. In this case, a 16-year-old adolescent girl whose chief complaints included loss of consciousness and recurrent abdominal pains lasting for a year is presented.

Neuroendocrine tumor of the uterine cervix is a rare and aggressive malignancy. Despite controversial, multimodal treatment methods, prognosis and treatment outcomes are worst in advanced stages. We report an early-stage case treated with the multimodal approach. The nomenclature proposed for this tumor type in 1997 by the College of American Pathologists still has some points of discussion. As in our case some of the tumors cannot be defined exactly into small or large cell types, and this causes confusion at least for nomenclature purposes. A ‘mixed’ type for this tumor may be appropriate. Copyright © 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enerji tüketiminin azaltılması ülkelerin gelişimi için çok önemlidir. Yapılarda enerji tüketimi bu nedenle büyük önem arz etmektedir. Binalarda ısı kaybını azaltmak için ısı köprülerini, ısı köprülerini oluşturan yalıtım sisteminin etkilerini ve kullanılan malzemenin davranışlarını çok iyi bilmek gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, teras katlarda beton, duvar ve yalıtım malzemelerinin ısıl iletkenlik katsayılarının değişiminin ısı köprüsüne etkilerini incelenmektedir. Bunun için literatürden farklı olarak Türkiye'de betonarme binaların teras katları için en sık kullanılan 9 kesit üzerinde inceleme gerçekleştirilmiştir. "Yalıtım sistemi, beton ve/veya duvar malzemesinin değişiminin ısı köprüsüne etkisi ne olmaktadır?" sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Hesaplamalar TS 825’te belirtilen birinci derece gün bölgesi için sıvalı durum göz önünde bulundurularak yapılmış olup farklı yalıtım çeşitlerinde duvar-döşeme-kiriş birleşimlerinin ısı akıları ve sıcaklıkları hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplamalarda gerçeğe yakın değerler veren ve sonlu elemanlar metodunu kullanan, QuickField 5.6 programından yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları ile ısı köprülerinde beton, duvar ve yalıtım malzemelerinin ısıl iletkenlik değerlerinin değişiminin iki boyutlu olarak nasıl değiştiği görülmektedir. En büyük ısı kaybı, betonun ısıl iletkenlik katsayısının artması sonucunda elde edilmektedir. Ayrıca elde edilen sonuçlarla teras katlarda kullanılan yalıtım çeşitlerinin hangisinin daha verimli olduğu sorularına da yanıt verilmektedir.

Reconstruction of the lumbosacral region after surgical excision of irradiated and recurrent spinal giant cell tumours remains a challenging problem. In this case report, we describe the use of the pedicled omentum flap in reconstruction of an irradiated and infected wide sacral defect of a 19-year-old male patient. The patient had radiotherapy and subsequent wide surgical resection after recurrence of the tumour. A myocutaneous flap from the gluteal area had failed previously. Local flap options could not be used because of the recent radiotherapy to the gluteal area. Since the patient had a laparotomy for tumour resection and a colostomy, abdominal muscles were not considered reliable for reconstructive procedures. A pedicled omentum flap was chosen as a reconstructive option because of its rich blood supply, large surface area, and angiogenic capacity. This report aims to describe the use of the pedicled omentum flap for reconstruction of the lumbosacral area following surgical resection of a spinal tumour, when gluteal and abdominal flap options for reconstruction are jeopardised.

İnceleme alanında Paleozoyik ve Tersiyer yaşlı oluşuklar, yüzeylenmektedir. Pelitikşist, serizitşist, kloritşist, kuvarsşist, kalkşist, kuvarsit ve mermerlerden ibaret Paleozoyik yaşlı birimler temeli oluştururlar. Bu temel üzerine açılı uyumsuzlukla gelen Pliyosen yaşlı gölsel çökeller, çakıltaşı, kumtaşı, silttaşı, kiltaşı ve kumlu kireçtaşlarından ibarettir. Jeotermik gradyanla ısınan su, kırık ve fay hatları boyunca yükselerek yeryüzüne ulaşmış ve Köşk kaplıca kaynağını oluşturmuştur. Termal suyun debisi 20.08.1997'de bilinen hacim yöntemi ile 3,66 l/s (320 m3/gün), 21.09.1997'de ise 3,46 l/s (300 m3/gün) ölçülmüştür. Kaynak ağzında suyun sıcaklığı maksimumlu termometre ile 35 oC ölçülmüştür. Sıcaklık ölçümlerine ve kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre kaynağın suyu, Uluslararası Hidrojeologlar Birliği'nin tanımına göre "Ca, Mg, SO4'lı sıcak ve mineralli su" dur. Köşk kaplıcasının mevcut suyunun debisini ve sıcaklığını artırmak amacıyla 7-8 Eylül 1997 tarihlerinde 7 noktada AB/2 = 700 m açılımlı Rezistivite Düşey Elektrik Sondaj (D.E.S.) ölçümü yapılmıştır. Yapılan jeofizik incelemeler ile jeolojik ve hidrojeolojik gözlemlerin ışığında termal suyun sıcaklığının ve debisinin artmasıbeklenmektedir. Jeofizik-rezistivite D.E.S. verilerine göre suyun debisini ve sıcaklığını artırmak için en uygun sondaj yerinin, 2 ve 3 nolu D.E.S. noktaları arasında hem fayı hem de şistler arasındaki yüksek rezistiviteli kalkşist-kuvarsitleri hedefleyecek şekilde seçilmesi gerekmektedir.

In the study area, Paleozoic and Tertiary aged rock units outcrop. Paleozoic aged rock units which form the basement, are peliticschists, sericitschists, chloriteschists, quartzschists, quartzites and marbles. Pliocene aged rock units, which are lacustrine sediments, conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones, claystones and sandy limestones overlie this basement with angle disconformity. The meteoric water, circulated in the region is heated by the effect of geothermic gradient and emerges near the small town of Köşk, forms the Köşk thermal. Recharge of the thermal water is 3,66 l/s in 20.08.1997 and 3,46 l/s in 21.09.1997. Temperature of the water is 35 oC which measured by using max-thermometer in the emerging point of (well) the water. According to do thermal measurements and the results of chemical analyses the water can be defined as "Ca, Mg, SO4 thermal and mineralized water" by the IUGS standarts. AB/2 = 700 m Rezistivite Deep Electric Drilling has been done to increase the recharge and temperature of the Köşk thermal water at seven points in 7-8 Septemper, 1997. In the light of this geophysical investigations and with the support of geological and hydrogeological conditions, it can be expected that the temperature and recharge of the thermal water would be increased. On the basis of geophysic resiztivite data, to increase of water recharge and its temperature it is suggested that the best drilling sites are between 2 and 3 well-points which are located between fault and high-resiztivite chalkschists-quartzite within schists.

İnceleme alanında Paleozoyik ve Tersiyer yaşlı oluşuklar, yüzeylenmektedir. Pelitikşist, serizitşist, kloritşist, kuvarsşist, kalkşist, kuvarsit ve mermerlerden ibaret Paleozoyik yaşlı birimler temeli oluştururlar. Bu temel üzerine açılı uyumsuzlukla gelen Pliyosen yaşlı gölsel çökeller, çakıltaşı, kumtaşı, silttaşı, kiltaşı ve kumlu kireçtaşlarından ibarettir. Jeotermik gradyanla ısınan su, kırık ve fay hatları boyunca yükselerek yeryüzüne ulaşmış ve Köşk kaplıca kaynağını oluşturmuştur. Termal suyun debisi 20.08.1997'de bilinen hacim yöntemi ile 3,66 l/s (320 m3/gün), 21.09.1997'de ise 3,46 l/s (300 m3/gün) ölçülmüştür. Kaynak ağzında suyun sıcaklığı maksimumlu termometre ile 35 oC ölçülmüştür. Sıcaklık ölçümlerine ve kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre kaynağın suyu, Uluslararası Hidrojeologlar Birliği'nin tanımına göre "Ca, Mg, SO4'lı sıcak ve mineralli su" dur. Köşk kaplıcasının mevcut suyunun debisini ve sıcaklığını artırmak amacıyla 7-8 Eylül 1997 tarihlerinde 7 noktada AB/2 = 700 m açılımlı Rezistivite Düşey Elektrik Sondaj (D.E.S.) ölçümü yapılmıştır. Yapılan jeofizik incelemeler ile jeolojik ve hidrojeolojik gözlemlerin ışığında termal suyun sıcaklığının ve debisinin artmasıbeklenmektedir. Jeofizik-rezistivite D.E.S. verilerine göre suyun debisini ve sıcaklığını artırmak için en uygun sondaj yerinin, 2 ve 3 nolu D.E.S. noktaları arasında hem fayı hem de şistler arasındaki yüksek rezistiviteli kalkşist-kuvarsitleri hedefleyecek şekilde seçilmesi gerekmektedir.

Ilıcapınar (Polatlı)'ın BGB'sında yer alan sıcak ve mineralli su kaynağının hidrojeoloji incelemesini amaçlayan bu araştırmada yaklaşık 50 km 2 'lik bir alanın 1/25000 ölçekli jeoloji haritası yapılmıştır. Çatlak ve kırıklar boyunca yerin derinlikerine doğru yer çekim etkisiyle süzülen meteorik sular jeotermik gradyanla ısınmışlardır. Hidrostatik basınç ve sudaki gazların genleşmesi vb. nedenlerle faylar boyunca yükselerek yeryüzüne çıkmışlardır. Sıcak ve mineralli su kaynakları K-G doğrultusunda uzanan fay boyunca çıkmışlardır. Kaynak sıcaklığı 28.5 °C olup debisi 8.4 l/s'dir. Sıcak ve mineralli suların geldiği derinlik 700 m'dir. AIH'a göre Ilıcapınar sıcak ve mineralli su kaynağı Na'lu, HCO3'lu, Cl'lu S'lü, sıcak ve mineralli sudur.

In this study aiming the hydrogeological investigation of thermal and mineralized waters of WSW Ilıcapınar (Polatlı) area. 1/25000 scaled geological maps of appoxiamely 50 km 2 area have been done. Meteoric waters infiltrating to ward to the deep level of the ground along fractures and fissures have been warmed up due to geotermic gradient. They have been up rose to the surface throught fault planes a result of leaving of gases in the water and hydrostatic pressure. Thermal and mineralized waters of ılıcapınar spring discharge along the N-Strending fault. The temperature of the spring is 28.5 °C and discharge is 8.4 l/s. It is determined that the hot and mineralized water are come from about 700 m. According to the IAH standarts hot and mineralized water of ılıcapınar spring can be classifid as Na, HCO3, Cl, S bearing hot and mineralized water.

Ilıcapınar (Polatlı)'ın BGB'sında yer alan sıcak ve mineralli su kaynağının hidrojeoloji incelemesini amaçlayan bu araştırmada yaklaşık 50 km 2 'lik bir alanın 1/25000 ölçekli jeoloji haritası yapılmıştır. Çatlak ve kırıklar boyunca yerin derinlikerine doğru yer çekim etkisiyle süzülen meteorik sular jeotermik gradyanla ısınmışlardır. Hidrostatik basınç ve sudaki gazların genleşmesi vb. nedenlerle faylar boyunca yükselerek yeryüzüne çıkmışlardır. Sıcak ve mineralli su kaynakları K-G doğrultusunda uzanan fay boyunca çıkmışlardır. Kaynak sıcaklığı 28.5 °C olup debisi 8.4 l/s'dir. Sıcak ve mineralli suların geldiği derinlik 700 m'dir. AIH'a göre Ilıcapınar sıcak ve mineralli su kaynağı Na'lu, HCO3'lu, Cl'lu S'lü, sıcak ve mineralli sudur.

Enhancing the biocompatibility of biomaterials is a critical aspect of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Advances in 3D bioprinting technology, blending natural and synthetic materials for the production of bioink, offer new opportunities to develop highly biocompatible materials that can closely mimic the native tissue environment. In this study, we used pericardial fluid structure (PFS)-based material together with alginate to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) and produce a bioink material. Thus, blended alginate with PFS material and MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cell-laden hydrogels characterized by comparing each other, especially alginate hydrogels, and evaluated in terms of biocompatibility for tissue engineering applications. According to the rheological analysis results, all hydrogel groups A, A-PFS (150 mg), and A-PFS (1:1) had viscoelastic properties. Mechanical tests showed that the A-PFS (1:1) hydrogel had the most strength properties. Additionally, the viscosity values of the hydrogel solutions were in an applicable range for use in 3D bioprinters. It was also found out that PFS increased the biocompatibility of alginate-based bioink, in terms of cell proliferation and differentiation. Overall, these findings suggest that alginate and pericardial fluid-based materials can be successfully used for bioink production. The resulting hydrogels exhibit viscoelastic properties, appropriate viscosity for 3D bioprinting, and support cell viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. This research has the potential not only to produce bioink but also to produce injectable hydrogels and drug delivery systems, which can become biocompatible materials that can be used for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications., (© 2024 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.)

In vitro release testing (IVRT) is extensively used to develop the formulation of topical semi-solid products, to evaluate the quality and consistency of the product after scale-up and post-approval changes, and more recently to aid the evaluation of topical generic products' equivalency. The selection of synthetic membrane is one of the most critical parameters of the method development part of IVRT. It is well known that the membrane features namely its polymer matrices, porosity, pore size, thickness can have a substantial effect on the IVRT data. However, there is no detailed information available in the literature regarding the membrane selection for different types of topical dosage forms. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether difference topical semi-solid dosage forms of the same drug molecule would cause to variation in the membrane selection. Within this framework, rheological behaviour of commercially available three different types of topical semi-solid dosage forms (ointment, cream, and lotion) of mometasone furoate (0.1%) were primarily characterized. Then, the membrane inertness test was conducted using a series of synthetic hydrophilic membranes (regenerated cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, mixed cellulose ester membranes) and hydrophobic membranes (polyether sulfone, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene membranes) after identifying of an appropriate receptor medium that ensures sink condition for mometasone furoate. Lastly, IVRT studies from the topical semi-solid products were performed utilizing Franz-type diffusion cells. The membrane inertness and in vitro release data demonstrated that the cellulose acetate membrane showed superior diffusion properties in general while the other synthetic membranes exhibited varying outcomes for different semi-solid dosage forms of mometasone furoate. Overall, the results indicated that the release rate and the cumulative drug released amount of drug after 6 h through the different synthetic membranes might vary depending on the semi-solid dosage form. In order to select the synthetic membrane for IVRT, it should also be considered potential interactions between the polymer matrices and the chemical structure of drug molecule as well as formulation components prior to conducting membrane inertness test and IVRT studies., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing Interest There is no conflict of interest with any commercial or other associations in this study., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Food allergy is a public health issue that has a significant impact on the lives of families. Parental self-efficacy/confidence is important in managing food allergies. The aim of this study is to validate the "Food Allergy Self-Efficacy Scale for Parents" (FASE-P) and assess parental self-efficacy in managing their child's food allergy., Methods: Turkish version of the FASE-P (T-FASE-P) was administered to 347 parents of children aged 0-18 who had been followed for at least one month due to food allergy at the Pediatric Allergy Clinic of Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital between September 1 and December 31, 2023, through face-to-face interviews and online surveys for parents of children with food allergies from the general population. Content validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to evaluate the validity of the scale. General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) was used for concurrent criterion validity. Internal consistency analysis, test-retest application, and item analysis were conducted to assess its reliability., Results: T-FASE-P scale initially contained 21 items, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α) calculated in this form was found to be 0.89. Later, when 4 items were excluded, the 17-item version of the scale was calculated as α=0.90. The intra-class correlation coefficient between the test and re-test was found to be 0.972. The content validity index value of the scale was calculated as 0.99, indicating that the content validity was at a sufficient level. In the EFA, it was determined that the scale formed a three-factor structural model and that this model explained 60.82% of the total variance. As a result of the CFA, the fit indices were calculated as χ2/df=2.341, GFI=0.919, TLI=0.950, indicating a good level of fit. Based on the analysis results, T-FASE-P consists of 17 items and three subscales., Conclusion: T-FASE-P scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to determine the food allergy self-efficacy of Turkish parents., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

RNA methylation adds a second layer of genetic information that dictates the post-transcriptional fate of RNAs. Although various methods exist that enable the analysis of RNA methylation in a site-specific or transcriptome-wide manner, whether biophysical approaches can be employed to such analyses is unexplored. In this study, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy are employed to examine the methylation status of both synthetic and cellular RNAs. The results show that FT-IR spectroscopy is perfectly capable of quantitatively distinguishing synthetic m 6 A-methylated RNAs from un-methylated ones. Subsequently, FT-IR spectroscopy is successfully employed to assess the changes in the extent of total RNA methylation upon the knockdown of the m 6 A writer, METTL3, in HeLa cells. In addition, the same approach is shown to accurately detect reduction in total RNA methylation upon the treatment of HeLa cells with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). It is also demonstrated that m 1 A and m 6 A methylation induce quite a distinct secondary structure on RNAs, as evident from CD spectra. These results strongly suggest that both FT-IR and CD spectroscopy methods can be exploited to uncover biophysical properties impinged on RNAs by methyl moieties, providing a fast, convenient and cheap alternative to the existing methods.

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective multicenter study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of low muscle mass, and inflammatory markers in patients with stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Furthermore, the study aimed to determine the threshold value of disease-specific low muscle mass., Methods: A total of 461 patients with stage III NSCLC were evaluated. Low muscle mass, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and biochemical inflammatory markers were assessed. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to analyze overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS)., Results: This study found a disease-specific low muscle mass threshold of LSMI <38.7 cm²/m² for women and <45.1 cm²/m² for men, with 25.2% of patients having disease-specific low muscle mass. Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that low PNI was found to be an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for both PFS (HR=0.67; 95% CI: 0.48-0.92, P= 0.015) and OS (HR=0.67; 95% CI: 0.50-0.91, P=0.008). Other factors including ECOG PS 3 (HR=7.76; 95% CI: 1.73-34.76, P=0.007), induction CT (HR=0.66; 95% CI: 0.49-0.88, P= 0.004), and disease-specific low muscle mass (HR=1.40; 95% CI: 1.02-1.92, P= 0.038) also had independent effects on prognosis., Conclusions: The present study provides evidence that the presence of low muscle mass and low PNI significantly impacts the prognosis of patients with stage III NSCLC who undergo definitive CRT. Furthermore, our study is notable for being the first multicenter investigation to identify a disease-specific low muscle mass threshold., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

The purpose of the present research was to assess the amounts of aflatoxin M1 (AFM 1 ) and immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, and IgM) in cow colostrum samples, as well as their relationship. The sampling involved 90 cows (54 Montofon and 36 Simmental) from 15 independent farms. An appropriate number of samples from the total mixed ration (TMR) used in feeding the cows were collected simultaneously with the colostrum samples. AFB 1 in feed, AFM 1 , and immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, and IgM) levels in colostrum were evaluated using the ELISA method. The AFM 1 level in colostrum samples exceeded the maximum allowed values for raw milk. Ig levels were higher in Montofon-breed cows' colostrum than in Simmentals. However, it was determined that neither the breed nor the lactation number significantly affected the colostrum Ig level. It was determined that there was no linear relationship between the number of lactations and immunoglobulin levels or between AFM 1 and immunoglobulin levels in colostrum. Similarly, it was determined that there was no linear relationship between the AFB 1 level in the feed and the AFM 1 level in the colostrum of animals consuming these feeds., (© 2024. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Society for Mycotoxin (Research Gesellschaft für Mykotoxinforschung e.V.) and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Across the world and within Europe, a growing number of consumers are choosing to buy gluten-free products. Motivations for a gluten-free diet and the consequences of consuming gluten are varied, from a medical necessity for those diagnosed with celiac disease to a range of health complications and discomfort for those who are gluten-intolerant. In this research, 7296 gluten-free consumers across 13 European countries responded to an online survey on the 33 types of gluten-free products purchased, how frequently they purchased them, their satisfaction with gluten-free quality and availability, the problems they have experienced, and the strategies they have employed to cope with these problems. The investigation examines whether and how these consumer attitudes and behaviors differ between those diagnosed with celiac disease, those who are gluten-intolerant, and those who are caregivers for others with a gluten-free diet. The results show that significant differences existed for all these habits and issues across the three gluten-free consumer groups. Specifically, caregivers purchased most of the gluten-free product types more frequently than the other two groups, experienced more availability problems, and were more likely to shop at multiple stores or make their own gluten-free products. Celiac-diagnosed consumers tended to buy gluten-free products more frequently than those who are gluten-intolerant, and they tended to be the most satisfied with the quality and range of gluten-free offerings. Despite purchasing frequency differences between the groups, the results suggest a similar hierarchy of gluten-free products that could provide the foundation for a European gluten-free food basket.

Cardiomyopathy, which is shortly defined as a disease of the myocardium, has a broad definition that includes many different diagnoses. Recent advances in cardiac imaging techniques, including basic and advanced echocardiography, computed tomography, nuclear medicine, and cardiac magnetic resonance, allow for a more accurate evaluation of volumes and thickness of cardiac chambers, systolic and diastolic function of the ventricules, and tissue structure. Multimodality imaging often provides the first clinical suspicion for specific etiologies, especially when the medical and family history is unclear, by identification of red flags of underlying systemic diseases. In this review, we aimed to evaluate the role of multimodality imaging in diagnosis of cardiomyopathies with key images and discussed the effects of genetics on the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic guidance of cardiomyopathies.

There is an increasing incidence of diagnosing both congenital and acquired heart valve diseases in women during pregnancy. Factors such as elevated rates of pregnancy, older maternal age, and coexisting conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and obesity contribute significantly to the symptomatic manifestation and detection of valvular heart diseases in women planning for pregnancy. Pregnancy induces cardiovascular changes across the maternal physiology, posing a heightened risk of morbidity and mortality, especially in women afflicted with valvular heart diseases. In this article, we present a case of a 25-year-old patient who underwent mitral ring annuloplasty surgery at the age of 9. Her echocardiography revealed a mismatch of the mitral ring during a follow-up examination at the age of 20. Despite neglecting further follow-ups, the patient became pregnant and presented to us at the 6th week of pregnancy. She underwent evaluations at the 6th, 10th, and 22nd weeks of pregnancy, as well as before delivery. Following the resumption of follow-up appointments, intervention planning was initiated during the postpartum period. This case exemplifies successful management, resulting in a healthy delivery after navigating through the pregnancy.

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common cause of mortality 1 , but a comprehensive description of its genomic landscape is lacking 2-9 . Here we perform whole-genome sequencing of 2,023 CRC samples from participants in the UK 100,000 Genomes Project, thereby providing a highly detailed somatic mutational landscape of this cancer. Integrated analyses identify more than 250 putative CRC driver genes, many not previously implicated in CRC or other cancers, including several recurrent changes outside the coding genome. We extend the molecular pathways involved in CRC development, define four new common subgroups of microsatellite-stable CRC based on genomic features and show that these groups have independent prognostic associations. We also characterize several rare molecular CRC subgroups, some with potential clinical relevance, including cancers with both microsatellite and chromosomal instability. We demonstrate a spectrum of mutational profiles across the colorectum, which reflect aetiological differences. These include the role of Escherichia coli pks+ colibactin in rectal cancers 10 and the importance of the SBS93 signature 11-13 , which suggests that diet or smoking is a risk factor. Immune-escape driver mutations 14 are near-ubiquitous in hypermutant tumours and occur in about half of microsatellite-stable CRCs, often in the form of HLA copy number changes. Many driver mutations are actionable, including those associated with rare subgroups (for example, BRCA1 and IDH1), highlighting the role of whole-genome sequencing in optimizing patient care., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

This study had two main objectives. The first goal was to examine fathers' parenting styles in a society with traditional patriarchal values. The second goal was to understand the extent to which marital relationship variables (i.e., marital satisfaction and spousal support) are related with the identified fathering profiles. The theoretical and empirical underpinnings of the "parenting styles" literature that form the foundation of the research on parent-child dynamics are still mainly based on data collected only from mothers. This weakness of the literature on fathering typologies is further accompanied by the scarcity of data on fathers' parenting practices from non-Western contexts. To achieve the study aims, a latent profile analysis based on warmth and control dimensions of parenting was performed using a nationally representative sample of 1070 urban fathers in Turkey. Using scores on six parenting behavior variables (i.e., warmth, punishment, inductive reasoning, positive parenting, discipline and teaching responsibilities, time and talking together), results revealed four fathering profiles: "authoritative" (30%), "average" (45%), "uninvolved" (16%), and "disciplining-distant" (8%). Furthermore, the results showed that the fathering profiles significantly differed from each other on the marital satisfaction and spousal support scores. Results highlight the importance of investigating fathering behaviors and their predictors in different cultures., (© 2023 Family Process Institute.)

Objective: High-grade gliomas are aggressive brain tumors with poor prognoses. Understanding the factors that influence their progression is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. This study investigates the prognostic significance of panimmune inflammation in patients diagnosed with high-grade gliomas., Materials-Methods: Data from 89 high-grade glioma patients were analysed retrospectively. The Panimmune inflammation Value (PIV) of each patient meeting the eligibility criteria was calculated on the basis of platelet, monocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts obtained from peripheral blood samples taken on the first day of treatment. PIV is calculated using the following formula: PIV = T × M × N ÷ L. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to identify the optimal cut-off value for PIV about progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes. The primary and secondary endpoints were the differences in OS and PFS between the PIV groups. The Kaplan‒Meier method was used for survival analyses., Results: The ROC analysis indicated that the optimal PIV threshold was 545.5, which exhibited a significant interaction with PFS and OS outcomes. Patients were subsequently divided into two groups based on their PIV levels: a low PIV (L-PIV) group comprising 45 patients and a high PIV (H-PIV) group comprising 44 patients. A comparative analysis of survival rates indicated that patients with elevated PIV had a shorter median PFS of 4.0 months compared to 8.0 months in the low PIV group (P = 0.797), as well as a reduced median OS of 19.0 months versus not available (NA) in the low PIV group (P = 0.215)., Conclusion: Our study results did not reveal a statistically significant association between H-PIV measurements and reduced PFS or OS. However, PIV effectively stratified newly diagnosed high-grade glioma patients into two distinct groups with significantly different PFS and OS outcomes., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Federación de Sociedades Españolas de Oncología (FESEO).)

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) can affect both hearing and balance due to increased inner ear pressure., Aims/objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of increased inner ear pressure on hearing and balance in patients with IIH using auditory and vestibular tests., Material and Methods: Twenty-four IIH patients and 28 healthy controls underwent oVEMP, pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, and acoustic reflex tests pre-lumbar punctures. IIH patients received acetazolamide. Pre- and post-treatment results, tinnitus, and vertigo scores were compared. Post-treatment oVEMP and audiometry results were compared between groups., Results: Pre-treatment oVEMP showed a significant left N1 latency difference ( p  = 0.049). Post-treatment, left ear amplitude ( p  = 0.035) and both ear amplitude ratios ( p  = 0.044 and p  = 0.047) increased significantly. Audiometry had no significant changes ( p  < 0.05). Tinnitus and vertigo scores decreased significantly ( p  ≤ 0.001)., Conclusion: Prolonged oVEMP latency suggests IIH may impact the brain stem and vestibular nerve, while increased amplitude values indicate peripheral vestibular involvement. IIH affects hearing across all frequencies, especially at 4000 Hz, impacting both hearing and balance., Significance: Understanding the effects of IIH on auditory and vestibular functions can guide effective treatments, improving quality of life for patients by addressing both hearing and balance issues.

Objective: This study investigates the importance of bone density, surface area, and diameter of anatomical structures of the superior semicircular canal (SSC), lateral semicircular canal (LSC), posterior semicircular canal (PSC), utricle, and saccule in patients diagnosed with superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD)., Materials and Methods: The bone density, surface area, and diameter of SSC, LSC, PSC, utricle, and saccule were measured and compared between the SSCD group and control group. Fifteen ears in the SSCD group and 60 ears in the control group were evaluated. Additionally, within the SSCD group, the dehiscent and healthy sides were evaluated independently., Results: SSC's bone density was significantly lower in the SSCD group compared to the control group (p = 0.008). No significant differences were found in surface area and diameter between the groups (p > 0.05). While most of the anatomical structures showed no significant difference in bone density between dehiscent and healthy ears (p > 0.05), SSC bone density was significantly lower in affected ears (p = 0.000) in SSCD group., Conclusion: Based on the data obtained in this study, bone density and anatomical structure may be useful in patients diagnosed with SSCD., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Humor can contribute to nursing practices for relieving pain and anxiety in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) during intravenous (IV) biologic treatment. This study used a prospective, randomized controlled study design to investigate the effect of humor on pain and state anxiety in patients with RA receiving IV infusion therapy. Two sample groups were formed: the intervention group (watching a comedy movie) (n = 18) and the control group (usual care) (n = 18). Both groups received IV biologic therapy. A significant difference was found between the groups' pain mean scores, but the effect size was small (P < .001, η² = 0.032). The mean visual analog scale scores decreased in both groups after the treatment; however, it decreased more in the intervention group (P < .001, Md = 2.44) than in the control group (P = .017, Md = 0.83). No significant difference was found between the groups' mean state anxiety scores, and the effect size was irrelevant (P > .05, η² = 0.001). There was a significant decrease in the anxiety levels of both groups (P < .001). During IV biologic infusion therapy, watching comedy movies is recommended as a nursing care intervention for reducing pain in patients with RA in cooperation with other health professionals., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Postpartum blues/postpartum maternal blues is a psychological disorder experienced by mothers with symptoms of postpartum sadness, easy crying, easy anxiety, sensitivity, indecisiveness. The study aimed to examine the effect of music played on newly delivered mothers on postpartum blues., Methods: A prospective, two-arm, randomized controlled study was conducted on n = 82 (41 = control, 41 = music group) mothers who gave birth at term in Trakya University Health Research and Application Center Maternity Service between May and December 2023. The research data were collected through the Personal Information Form, Stein Blues Scale (SBS), and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). The scales used in the study were evaluated four times: postoperative 0-3 h, 12th, 24th, and 36th hours., Results: The postoperative 0-3 h SBS test median of the new mothers in the music group was 19.00, and the 36th hours test median was 2.00, while the postoperative 0-3 h SBS test median of the control group was 21.00, and the 36th hour test median was 13.00. The postoperative 0-3 h EPDS test median of the new mothers in the music group was 22.00, and the 36th hours test median was 0.00, while the postoperative 0-3 h EPDS test median of the control group was 26.00, and the 36th hours test median was 10.00. A significant difference was found in the 12th, 24th, and 36th hours (p < .001). A statistically significant high positive correlation was found between EPDS and SBS in the 12th, 24th, and 36th hours (p < .001)., Conclusions: In the study, it was found that music played to newly delivered mothers reduced postpartum blues and depression levels., Registration: The submission date for a clinical trial protocol is prior to completing participant recruitment and for a systematic review, prior to completing full paper screening. NCT06252155., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Revealing the potential of candidate drugs against different cancer types without disrupting normal cells depends on the drug mode of action. In the current study, the drug response of prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) to zoledronic acid (ZOL) grown in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems was compared using Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy which is a vibrational spectroscopic technique, supporting by biochemical assays and imaging techniques. Based on our data, in 2D cell culture conditions, the ZOL treatment of PCSCs isolated according to both C133 and CD44 cell surface properties induced early/late apoptosis and suppressed migration ability. The CD133 gene expression and protein levels were altered, depending on culture systems. CD133 expression was significantly reduced in 2D cells upon ZOL treatment. FT-IR data revealed that the integrity, fluidity, and ordering/disordering states of the cell membrane and nucleic acid content were altered in both 2D and 3D cells after ZOL treatment. Regular protein structures decrease in 2D cells while glycogen and protein contents increase in 3D cells, indicating a more pronounced cytotoxic effect of ZOL for 2D cells. Untreated 3D PCSCs exhibited an even different spectral profile associated with IR signals of lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and glycogen in comparison to untreated 2D cells. Our study revealed significant differences in the drug response and cellular constituents between 2D and 3D cells. Exploring molecular targets and/or drug-action mechanisms is significant in cancer treatment approaches; thus, FT-IR spectroscopy can be successfully applied as a novel drug-screening method in clinical research., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To search for any morphological variation contributing to aetiopathogenesis and the diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, we measured the sizes of the semicircular canals in patients with and without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo using multidetector computed tomography., Methods: Cranial bone computed tomography images of 30 benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients and 30 control patients were acquired with a 128-slice computed tomography scanner and a transverse plane with a thickness of 0.67 mm. The inner diameter, height and width of the canals were measured., Results: The width of the anterior semicircular canals, and the width and height of the posterior semicircular canals of the affected ears in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients ( n = 30) were significantly greater than in the control patients ( n = 90; p = 0.001, p = 0.023, p = 0.003, respectively)., Conclusion: In benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients, the posterior and anterior semicircular canals are longer than those in people without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. These morphological changes may contribute to elucidating the aetiopathogenesis and be used as a radiological sign for diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo disease.