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Background Sarcopenia and bone loss are both common in older individuals. However, the association between sarcopenia and bone fractures has not been evaluated longitudinally. In this study, we evaluated the association between computed tomography (CT)-based erector spinae muscle area and attenuation and vertebral compression fracture (VCF) in elderly individuals in a longitudinal study. Methods This study recruited individuals 50 years of age and older, who did not have VCF and underwent CT imaging for lung cancer screening during January 2016 to December 2019. Participants were followed up annually until January 2021. Muscle CT value and muscle area of the erector spinae were determined for muscle assessment. Genant score was used to define new-onset VCF. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between muscle area/attenuation and VCF. Results Of the 7 906 included participants, 72 developed new VCF over a median follow-up of 2 years. Large area of the erector spinae (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–0.7) and high bone attenuation (adjusted HR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1–0.5) were independently associated with VCF. High muscle attenuation was associated with severe VCF (adjusted HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.24–0.86). The addition of muscle area improved the area under the curve of bone attenuation from 0.79 (95% CI: 0.74–0.86) to 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82–0.91; p  = .001). Conclusions CT-based muscle area/attenuation of the erector spinae was associated with VCF in elderly individuals, independently of bone attenuation. The addition of muscle area improved the performance of bone attenuation in predicting VCF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Others A recent study reported that the risk of malignancy in SAPHO patients was higher than that in patients with psoriatic arthritis (hazard ratio 6.70; 95% confidence interval 2.227-20.13).[30] The etiology is not completely understood, but the chronic inflammation caused by SAPHO syndrome may play a critical role.[30] CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVE In conclusion, a wide range of manifestations are associated with SAPHO syndrome besides synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis. Moreover, other pulmonary manifestations, such as patchy shadows (32.8%), ground-glass opacity (16.4%), and pleural thickening (13.4%), were not uncommon in SAPHO patients.[29] The etiology of brain and pulmonary manifestation within SAPHO syndrome is not understood. SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) syndrome is a rare clinical entity. A recent case-control study compared the bone mass and prevalence of osteoporosis between healthy persons and SAPHO patients.[14] Twenty-seven SAPHO patients and 70 healthy persons were included. [Extracted from the article]

Context: Fractures are a serious consequence of osteoporosis in older adults. However, few longitudinal studies have shown the role of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics in predicting osteoporotic fractures., Objective: We evaluated the performance of a CT radiomics-based model for osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) in a longitudinal study., Methods: A total of 7906 individuals without OVF older than 50 years, and who underwent CT scans between 2016 and 2019 were enrolled and followed up until 2021. Seventy-two cases of new OVF were identified. A total of 144 people without OVF during follow-up were selected as controls. Radiomics features were extracted from baseline CT images. CT values of trabecular bone, and area and density of erector spinae were determined. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the independent associated factors. The predictive performance of the nomogram was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve., Results: CT value of vertebra (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 2.04; 95% CI, 1.07-3.89), radiomics score (aHR = 6.56; 95% CI, 3.47-12.38), and area of erector spinae (aHR = 1.68; 95% CI, 1.02-2.78) were independently associated with OVF. Radscore was associated with severe OVF (aHR = 6.00; 95% CI, 2.78-12.93). The nomogram showed good discrimination with a C-index of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.77-0.87). The area under the curve of nomogram and radscore were both higher than osteoporosis + muscle area for 3-year and 4-year risk of fractures (P < .05). The decision curve also demonstrated that the radiomics nomogram was useful., Conclusion: Bone radiomics is associated with OVF, and the nomogram based on radiomics signature and muscle provides a tool for the prediction of OVF., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)