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CO oxidative coupling to dimethyl oxalate (DMO) is an important approach for the product of ethylene glycol and CO elimination. In this work, the Co doped Pd/Al2O3 nanocatalyst was highly effective for CO oxidative coupling and enhanced remarkably CO conversion and the formation of DMO. The maximum DMO STY reached 1082 g L−1 h−1 over the Pd/Al2O3@1/20Co catalyst at 130 °C for 2 h under the space velocity of 3000 h−1, which is two times higher than that over the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst. The Co modification and its influence on the structure of the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst were also studied systematically by XRD, TEM, CO‐TPD, N2 physical adsorption and XPS techniques. An appropriate Co doing was confirmed to promote distinctly the generation of smaller Pd particles and the adjustment of the adsorption or activation of CO over the catalyst. A positive interaction between Pd nanoparticles and the modulated support with Co doping was demonstrated and favored the enhanced activity of the catalyst for the reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalytic conversion of glucose to lactic acid is a green promising strategy for the effective utilization of biomass‐derived carbohydrates to generate valuable chemicals. The generation of lactic acid would also be distinguishing in different reaction atmospheres. In this work, we firstly investigated the decomposition of lactic acid and glucose transformation to lactic acid in H2. No obvious decomposition of lactic acid was observed in H2. The activity testing results showed that glucose could be completely converted over the selected hydroxides, while the formation of lactic acid was closely related to the alkalinity of hydroxide. The yield of lactic acid was remarkably obtained to be 87 % over Ca(OH)2 at 220 °C for 3 h. Stronger alkalinity of the catalyst would facilitate glucose isomerization to fructose, and then easily be transformed into dihydroxyacetone or glyceraldehyde intermediates through reverse aldol condensation, which is beneficial to the generation of lactic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a frequently used technique for patients with insufficient alveolar bone. The discovery of bone substitutes that can enhance osteogenesis is critical for GBR. Graphdiyne (GDY), a newly discovered carbon‐based nanomaterial, has been recognized as the most stable allotrope of acetylene carbon and is anticipated to be able to promote osteogenesis. Whereas it still remains unknown whether it could enhance osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In this study, GDY was modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the influences of GDY‐PEG at different concentrations on BMSCs cell growth and osteogenic differentiation were researched for the first time. In this study, we found that GDY‐PEG at low concentration possessed premium bio‐compatibility and revealed evident facilitation of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. The cell growth and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs treated with GDY‐PEG were dose‐dependent. GDY‐PEG at 1 μg/mL demonstrated the optimal promoting effects of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, the regulating effect of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation by GDY‐PEG might be associated with the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. In all, the present study indicated a novel application of GDY in promoting bone tissue regeneration, providing a novel biomaterial for bone augmentation in clinics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amino-functionalized monodisperse polymeric microspheres have great significance in water remediation. Herein, polypyrrole (PPy)-modified silica-coated magnetic monodispersed emulsion sphere (MES) microspheres (MES@Fe3O4@SiO2-PPy, MFSP) were successfully prepared via in situ polymerization for the adsorption of hexavalent chromium in an aqueous solution. The magnetism of MFSP enabled fast separation under an applied magnetic field. The results showed that MFSP exhibited outstanding adsorption for Cr(VI) (301.2 mg g−1 at pH 2.0), which followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. Moreover, the MFSP can be reused in the adsorption–desorption cycle by simple elution, and the removal rate of Cr(VI) by MFSP remained above 91% after five consecutive cycles. Combined with XPS, EDS, and Zeta potential measurement for adsorption mechanism analysis, it was concluded that the removal of Cr(VI) could be attributed to both adsorption and reduction. The combination of good adsorption performance and magnetic separation makes MFSP a promising candidate for the removal of low-concentration metal ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays the problem of image quality assessment (IQA) for screen content images (SCIs) has become a research hotspot as they are ubiquitous in multimedia applications. Although the quality assessment of natural images (NIs) has been continuously developed in the past few decades, few NI-oriented IQA methods can be directly applied on SCIs due to different visual characteristics between them. In this paper, we present a no-reference quality prediction approach considering the content information of SCIs, which is based on dual-channel multi-task convolutional neural network. First, we segment a SCI into small patches and classify them as the textual patches and the pictorial patches. Then, we devise a novel dual-channel convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the quality of textual patches and pictorial patches. Finally, we propose an effective adaptive weighting strategy for quality score aggregation. The proposed CNN is built on an end-to-end multi-task learning framework, which assists the SCI quality prediction task through the histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) feature prediction task to learn a better mapping between the input patch and its quality score. The adaptive weighting strategy further improves the representation ability of each SCI patch. Experimental results on two largest SCI-oriented databases demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms most of the state-of-the-art no-reference IQA methods and the full-reference IQA methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous screen content images (SCIs) have been produced to meet the needs of virtual desktop and remote display, which put forward a very urgent requirement for security and management of SCIs. Perceptual hashing is an effective way to deal with this issue. However, since SCIs are generally composed of pictures, graphics and texts, their intrinsic characteristics are different from those of natural images. Thus the previous hashing methods for natural images are not suitable for SCIs. In this article, we propose a perceptual hashing method for SCIs from the perspective of visual content understanding. Specifically, considering that the visual content understanding of SCIs mainly comes from textual regions, while the contours of text always have thinner width and higher contrast, it is decided to generate hash in the gradient field. An input screen image is first performed by some joint preprocessing operations. Then the maximum gradient magnitude and corresponding orientation information are extracted from three color channels R, G and B. Normalized histogram and local frequency coefficient features are further obtained from the maximum gradient magnitude. Finally, a hash sequence is constructed by statistics that are derived from extracted features. Experiments validated on three SCIs databases were conducted to evaluate classification between robustness and discrimination. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) results demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to the state-of-the-art algorithms. Besides, SIQAD and SCID databases were leveraged to present the application in reduced-reference screen content image quality assessment, and comparisons show that our hashing could provide accurate predictions than other metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monodisperse polypyrrole/SBA-15 composite (PPy/SBA-15) was fabricated by in situ polymerization and used for Cr(VI) adsorption from aqueous solution. PPy/SBA-15 was characterized by numerous approaches. Factors affecting the Cr(VI) adsorption process, including the pH, the dose of adsorbent and contact time, were analyzed through batch experiments. The optimum experimental conditions were pH 2, dose of 4 g L−1 and contact time of 300 min. Meanwhile, PPy/SBA-15 had strong selective adsorption of Cr(VI) in co-existing ionic solution, the adsorption kinetics matched a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption isotherm data followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm models with a maximum adsorption capacity of 194.17 mg g−1 at 298 K, which is higher than that found in other reports of the same type of adsorbent. Regeneration evaluation demonstrated that the adsorbent can be recycled four times, retaining 92.58% of its removal rate. Moreover, EDX indicated that PPy/SBA-15 adsorbed Cr(VI) on its surface owing to ion exchange of chloride ions with either HCrO4− or Cr2O72−. XPS further certified that part of Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III). Overall, PPy/SBA-15 possesses capability as an alternative adsorbent to remove Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a novel perceptual image hashing based on weighted discrete wavelet transform (DWT) statistical features. This hashing converts input image into a normalized image by bi-linear interpolation and color space conversion, extracts edge image of the normalized image via Canny operator, and divides the edge image into non-overlapping blocks. For each block, a three-level 2D DWT is applied to obtain different sub-bands and the weighted sum of the DWT statistics of these sub-bands is calculated. Finally, image hash is generated by concatenating and quantizing these weighted DWT features. Similarity of image hashes is measured by Euclidean distance. The Copydays dataset and the Uncompressed Color Image Database (UCID) are both used to evaluate classification between robustness and discrimination. Receiver operating characteristics curve comparisons illustrate that our hashing is superior to some state-of-the-art algorithms in classification performance with respect to robustness and discrimination. The LIVE Image Quality Assessment Database is used to validate our application in reduced-reference image quality assessment. Experimental results show that our hashing has better performance in image quality assessment than two popular measures, i.e. peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective encryption algorithms have emerged as a popular technique for protecting the privacy of images during real-time transmission. For selectively encrypted images, it is necessary to evaluate their security and usability with visual security indices, and there have been a series of studies in this area. However, those proposed visual security indices (VSI) are often ineffective. We present a multi-directional structure and content-aware features-based visual security index (MCVSI) to perform an objective assessment on selectively encrypted images. Considering that selectively encrypted images prevent the main contents from being easily identified, stable local features in the images are extracted to indicate the degree of image content leakage. Meanwhile, we extract spatial structure information that closely aligns with human visual perception to indicate the level of variation in the overall image skeleton. Next, these features are subjected to similarity measurements to produce two types of similarity, content perception feature similarity and structure feature similarity. Finally, our visual security index is built by connecting all feature similarities and their corresponding visual security scores using the regression module. The experimental results and analyses indicate that the proposed MCVSI outperforms many existing mainstream VSI in terms of higher performance and stronger robustness, particularly on low and medium quality images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is hard to reconstruct bone defects in peri-implantitis due to osteogenesis inhibited by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ferroptosis, a recently identified regulated cell death characterized by iron- and ROS- dependent lipid peroxidation, provides us with a new explanation. Our study aims to explore whether ferroptosis is involved in peri-implantitis-inhibited osteogenesis and confirm ebselen, an antioxidant with glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity, could inhibit ferroptosis and promote osteogenesis in peri-implantitis. In this study, we used LPS to mimic the microenvironment of peri-implantitis. The osteogenic differentiation of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Alizarin Red S, and mRNA and protein expression of osteogenic-related markers. Ferroptosis index analysis included iron metabolism, ROS production, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial morphological changes. Iron overload, reduced antioxidant capability, excessive ROS, lipid peroxidation and the characteristic mitochondrial morphological changes of ferroptosis were observed in LPS-treated BMSCs, and adding Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) restored the inhibitory effect of ferroptosis on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, ebselen ameliorated LPS-induced ferroptosis and osteogenic inhibition, which were reversed by erastin. Our results demonstrated that ferroptosis is involved in osteogenic inhibition in peri-implantitis and ebselen could attenuate osteogenic dysfunction of BMSCs via inhibiting ferroptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of technology, it is becoming easier and easier for people to generate tampered images that are indistinguishable from the human eye, and the malicious use of these photos in news, academic papers, and criminal crimes has brought great harm to society. This paper proposes a deep convolutional neural network-based image forgery localization method to uncover the subtle differences between doctored images and real images. Specifically, the network achieves tampering localization through a three-stage enhancement scheme. First, the dilated convolution in the deep layer of the network is used to keep the feature map resolution constant, and the number of shallow convolutions is decreased to reduce the perceptual field, so the network focuses on local regions. Second, the feature enhancement module is used to fuse shallow features with deep features to effectively filter content information and highlight tampering features, making full use of local and global information to improve the generalization ability. Finally, the attention enhancement module reweights the convolutional feature maps in terms of channels and locations, respectively, to highlight the information regions around the forgery boundaries, thus guiding the network to capture more intrinsic features for image forgery. Extensive experimental results on several public datasets show that this method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in image forgery localization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line was generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from a 1-year-old boy who suffering from congenital cataract (CC), carrying heterozygous mutations in BFSP1 and RHO. PBMCs from this patient were reprogrammed into hiPSCs using non-integrative Sendai viral vectors expressing OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and C-MYC. CC-hiPSCs had normal karyotype and showed pluripotency both in vitro and in vivo. The CC-hiPSCs would supply an important cell model for studying the pathogenesis of CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A component of the tear film, mucin is produced by conjunctival goblet cells and is crucial to preserving the tear film's stability. Severe thermal burns, chemical burns, and severe ocular surface diseases can cause extensive damage to the conjunctiva, destroy the secretory function of goblet cells, and affect the stability of the tear film and integrity of the ocular surface. Currently, the expansion efficiency of goblet cells in vitro is low. In this study, we observed that rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells exhibited dense colony morphology after stimulation with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activator CHIR-99021 and promoted the differentiation of conjunctival goblet cells and the expression of its specific marker Muc5ac, among which the best induction effect was observed after 72 h in vitro culture with 5 μmol/L CHIR-99021. Under optimal culture conditions, CHIR-99021 increased the expression levels of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway factors Frzb, β-catenin, SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β and the levels of the Notch signaling pathway factors Notch1 and Krüppel-like factor 4 while decreasing the expression levels of Jagged-1 and Hes1. The expression level of ABCG 2 , a marker of epithelial stem cells, was raised to keep rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells from self-renewing. Our study showed that CHIR-99021 stimulation successfully activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and conjunctival goblet cell differentiation was stimulated, in which the Notch signaling pathway played a combined role. Those results provide a novel idea for the expansion of goblet cells in vitro. • CHIR-99021 can increase the stemness of rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells. • CHIR-99021 can promote the differentiation of conjunctival goblet cells and the expression of its specific marker Muc5ac. • CHIR-99021 regulates the differentiation of goblet cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells. • Notch pathway may play a cascade role in regulating the differentiation of conjunctival goblet cells under the CHIR-99021 condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The interaction between TC and Cd could alleviate the toxic effects of TC/Cd on aerial rice structures. • The single/combined exposure of TC and Cd at low doses promoted rice root elongation but had the opposite effect at high doses. • The combined pollutions allowed an increase in Cd transport and a decrease in TC transport. • LA-ICP MS observed that Cd mainly accumulated in the epidermis and stele of the root, while Fe mainly accumulated in the epidermal area. Co-exposure to heavy metal and antibiotic pollution might result in complexation and synergistic interactions, affecting rice growth and further exacerbating pollutant enrichment. Therefore, our study sought to clarify the influence of different Tetracycline (TC) and Cadmium(Cd) concentration ratios (both alone and combined) on rice growth, pollutant accumulation, and transportation during the tillering stage in hydroponic system. Surprisingly, our findings indicated that the interaction between TC and Cd could alleviate the toxic effects of TC/Cd on aerial rice structures and decrease pollutant burdens during root elongation. In contrast, TC and Cd synergistically promoted the accumulation of TC/Cd in rice roots. However, their interaction increased the accumulation of TC in roots while decreasing the accumulation of Cd when the toxicant doses increased. The strong affinity of rice to Cd promoted its upward transport from the roots, whereas the toxic effects of TC reduced TC transport. Therefore, the combined toxicity of the two pollutants inhibited their upward transport. Additionally, a low concentration of TC promoted the accumulation of Cd in rice mainly in the root tip. Furthermore, a certain dose of TC promoted the upward migration of Cd from the root tip. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry demonstrated that Cd mainly accumulated in the epidermis and stele of the root, whereas Fe mainly accumulated in the epidermis, which inhibited the absorption and accumulation of Cd by the rice roots through the generation of a Fe plaque. Our findings thus provide insights into the effects of TC and Cd co-exposure on rice growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compressed sensing (CS) has been applied for image compression and encryption, for it may compress and encrypt images simultaneously. However, some CS-based image encryption algorithms still suffer from low security and compression performance. To solve these problems, a content-adaptive compression-encryption based on CS and RiboNucleic Acid (RNA) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the 4D laser chaos system was used to construct a measurement matrix for image compression. Secondly, an Improved Fractal Sorting Matrix (IFSM) and its iterative approach are introduced based on the Fractal Sorting Matrix (FSM) for permutation. It has the same characteristics as FSM, but with a greater permutation effect and a broader range of applications. Finally, an adaptive RNA diffusion is designed based on the unique codon of RNA, which includes codon substitution and calculation operations. This adaptive operations make the algorithm more difficult to crack. Additionally, chaotic sequences driven by the hash value of plain image are utilized in the whole encryption, which enhances the correlation between the algorithm and plain image and improves the ability to resist known-plaintext and chosen-plaintext attacks. Experimental results and performance analyses demonstrate that the proposed scheme has excellent security and compression property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental implant surgery is currently a routine therapy for the repair of missing dentition or dentition defects. Both clinical and basic research have elucidated that oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for various reasons impairs the process of osteointegration after dental implantation. Therefore, the osteogenic micro-environment must be ameliorated to decrease the damage caused by oxidative stress. Selenomethionine (SEMET) has been reported to play an important role in alleviating oxidative stress and accelerating cell viability and growth. However, it remains unclear whether it exerts protective effects on bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under oxidative stress. In this study, we explored the influence of selenomethionine on the viability and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs under oxidative stress and the underlying mechanisms. Results showed that 1 μM selenomethionine was the optimum concentration for BMSCs under H 2 O 2 stimulation. H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress suppressed the viability and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, manifested by the increases in ROS production and cell apoptosis rates, and by the decrease of osteogenic differentiation-related markers. Notably, the aforementioned oxidative damage and osteogenic dysfunction induced by H 2 O 2 were rescued by selenomethionine. Furthermore, we found that the PTEN expression level was suppressed and its downstream PI3K/AKT pathway was activated by selenomethionine. However, when PTEN was stimulated, the PI3K/AKT pathway was down-regulated, and the protective effects of selenomethionine on BMSC osteogenic differentiation diminished, while the inhibition of PTEN up-regulated the protective effects of selenomethionine. Together, these results revealed that selenomethionine could attenuate H 2 O 2 -induced BMSC dysfunction through an antioxidant effect, modulated via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway, suggesting that selenomethionine is a promising antioxidant candidate for reducing oxidative stress during the process of dental implant osteointegration. • Oxidative stress stimuli by H 2 O 2 suppressed osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. • Selenomethionine could alleviate osteogenic dysfunction of oxidative-stress-damaged BMSCs. • Selenomethionine rescued osteogenic ability partly through the modulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Studies had shown that autophagy was closely related to nonalcoholic fat liver disease (NAFLD), while N6-methyladenosine (m6A) was involved in the regulation of autophagy. However, the mechanism of m6A related autophagy in NAFLD was unclear., Methods: The NAFLD related datasets were gained via the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and we also extracted 232 autophagy-related genes (ARGs) and 37 m6A. First, differentially expressed ARGs (DE-ARGs) and differentially expressed m6A (DE-m6A) were screened out by differential expression analysis. DE-ARGs associated with m6A were sifted out by Pearson correlation analysis, and the m6A-ARGs relationship pairs were acquired. Then, autophagic genes in m6A-ARGs pairs were analyzed for machine learning algorithms to obtain feature genes. Further, we validated the relationship between feature genes and NAFLD through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB). Finally, the immuno-infiltration analysis was implement, and we also constructed the TF-mRNA and drug-gene networks., Results: There were 19 DE-ARGs and four DE-m6A between NAFLD and normal samples. The three m6A genes and five AGRs formed the m6A-ARGs relationship pairs. Afterwards, genes obtained from machine learning algorithms were intersected to yield three feature genes (TBK1, RAB1A, and GOPC), which showed significant positive correlation with astrocytes, macrophages, smooth muscle, and showed significant negative correlation with epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. Besides, qRT-PCR and WB indicate that TBK1, RAB1A and GOPC significantly upregulated in NAFLD. Ultimately, we found that the TF-mRNA network included FOXP1-GOPC, ATF1-RAB1A and other relationship pairs, and eight therapeutic agents such as R-406 and adavosertib were predicted based on the TBK1., Conclusion: The study investigated the potential molecular mechanisms of m6A related autophagy feature genes (TBK1, RAB1A, and GOPC) in NAFLD through bioinformatic analyses and animal model validation. However, it is critical to note that these findings, although consequential, demonstrate correlations rather than cause-and-effect relationships. As such, more research is required to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and validate the clinical relevance of these feature genes., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests., (©2024 Huang et al.)

BACKGROUND Anisometropic amblyopia results from the unequal ability to focus between the right and left eyes. Blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) measures the proportion of oxygenated hemoglobin in specific areas. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is a method of diffusion tensor imaging that estimates the skewed distribution of water diffusion probability. We aimed to evaluate and compare 11 adult patients with anisometropic amblyopia (AA) with 13 normally sighted healthy controls (HC) using BOLD-fMRI and DKI. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eleven adults with AA (age range 20-49; mean age 29.18±8.089) and 13 HC adults (age range 22-50; mean age 28.00±5.79) were recruited. DKI scanning used a single excitation echo-planar imaging sequence and a region of interest to obtain DKI parameters for optic radiation; the corpus callosum was manually placed, including mean kurtosis (MK), fractional anisotropic (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) values; and BOLD data used a gradient-echo echo-planar imaging sequence. RESULTS The AA group had lower MK and FA of bilateral optic radiation than the HC group (P=0.008 and P=0.006, respectively) and higher MD than the HC group (P=0.005). The MK of the corpus callosum in the AA group was lower than that of HC group (P=0.012).Compared with the non-dominant eyes of the HC group, the amblyopic eyes in the AA group had less activation range and intensity in Brodmann areas 17, 18, and 19. CONCLUSIONS The combined use of DKI and BOLD-fMRI detected microstructural changes associated with local visual pathways and identified damage to the visual cortex in patients with amblyopia.

Titanium and its alloys have been widely used as bone implants, but for reduced treatment span, improvements are urgently needed to achieve faster and better osteointegration. In this study, we found that miR-132-3p inhibited bone-marrow-derived stem cell (BMSC) osteogenic differentiation via targeting BMP2, and that inhibiting miR-132-3p could significantly improve the osteogenic capability of BMSCs. Moreover, we fabricated a biocompatible selenomethionine (SEMET)-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG)/polyethylenimine (PEI) nanoparticle (SeNP) cross-linked with 0.2% gelatin solutions and delivered miR-132-3p inhibitor to biofunctionalize alkali heat-treated titanium implants, resulting in the development of a novel coating for reverse transfection. The biological performances of PEG/PEI/miR-132-3p inhibitor and SeNP/miR-132-3p inhibitor-biofunctionalized titanium were compared. The biological effects, including cell viability, cytotoxicity, adhesion, cellular uptake, and osteogenic capacity of SeNP/miR-132-3p inhibitor-biofunctionalized titanium implants, were then assessed. Results showed that SeNPs presented appropriate morphology, diameter, and positive zeta potential for efficient gene delivery. The transfection efficiency of the SeNP/miR-132-3p inhibitor was comparable to that of the PEG/PEI/miR-132-3p inhibitor, but the former induced less reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lower apoptosis rates. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) demonstrated that SeNP/miR-132-3p inhibitor nanoparticles released from the titanium surfaces and were taken up by adherent BMSCs. In addition, the release profile showed that transfection could obtain a long-lasting silencing effect for more than 2 weeks. The cell viability, cytotoxicity, and cell spreading of SeNP/miRNA-132-3p inhibitor-biofunctionalized titanium were comparable with those of untreated titanium and the SeNP/miRNA-132-3p inhibitor negative control (NC)-biofunctionalized titanium but resulted in higher ALP activity and osteogenic gene expression levels. In vivo animal studies further certified that SeNP/miRNA-132-3p inhibitor nanoparticles from titanium surfaces promoted osteointegration, which was revealed by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histological observations. Taken together, these findings suggested that selenomethionine-modified PEI-based nanoparticles could achieve better biocompatibility. Moreover, titanium implants biofunctionalized by SeNP/miRNA-132-3p inhibitor nanoparticles might have significant clinical potential for more effective osteointegration.