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Conceptions about mental health vary, as they are crossed by sociocultural, historical, material and symbolic aspects that organize the realities of different societies around the world. In this sense, the health-disease process permeates socio-symbolic aspects, influenced by trust, knowledge and care that circulate and give new meaning in the established structure of an organized community group. When it comes to indigenous peoples, although there is no single indigenous identity, as there are sociocultural differences that distinguish each ethnic group, they generally understand changes in health as a result of manifestations culminated by spiritual and natural forces. The present study aims to present processes of indigenization of mental health with indigenous peoples of Ceará. Its purpose is to express experiences of conversation circles articulated from the Freirian culture circle, from a perspective that aims for health practices that are decolonial, privileging village knowledge. This is qualitative, basic and descriptive research, of the action research type. The study addresses the experience of 7 conversations about mental health in different indigenous villages located in rural communities in Ceará. The Circles were recorded in audio format. Then, the dialogues that occurred were transcribed and detailed using Content Analysis by Laurence Bardin (2011). From the analysis of the information produced, three categories emerged, namely: conceptions about indigenous mental health, structural violence as a factor of suffering, SUS operations in indigenous territories. These were central elements in collective constructions in culture circles and are essential in the discussion of indigenous health. Therefore, it is necessary to understand populations' conceptions of health, considering their social, cultural and political aspects. Therefore, we can make popular knowledge an ally of scientific knowledge, resulting in the creation of new knowledge, which will enable a new vision of the health-disease binomial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research aims to understand how the process of journalistic investigation occurs in the Amazon Region of Brazil. To this end, the qualitative case study method will be used to analyze the journalistic works produced by the investigative journalism nucleus of Rede Amazônica, a broadcaster affiliated with Rede Globo. This study is limited to the description of guidelines developed in the states of Amazonas and Roraima. The main analysis of this research is centered on the report "Yanomami children suffer from malnutrition and lack of medical care", shown on Fantástico program on November 14, 2021. This work managed to highlight the challenges of operating investigative journalism in the Amazon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Historia is the property of Associacao Nacional dos Professores Universitarios de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Tellus is the property of Revista Tellus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Araucaria is the property of Araucaria-Revista Iberoamericana de Filosofia, Politica y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Amazônia, Organizações e Sustentabilidade (AOS) is the property of Amazon, Organizations & Sustainability - AOS / Amazônia, Organizações e Sustentabilidade (AOS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Unveiling the spatiality of indigenous women as shown from written and visual narratives of mapping processes is one of the greatest challenges to be taken on by the history of Latin American critical cartography. Despite advances in the fields of indigenous history, women and gender relations, themes such as native women and territoriality, an aesthetic of absence, neglect and disappearance is still strongly evident. Through written documents, a map and ethnographic data from Jê peoples, this article offers a skeletal methodological path taken to reach the spatial subjectivity of indigenous women in a mapping expedition to the hinterlands of Southern Brazil that took place between the years 1768-1773.

Este artigo tem por objetivo explanar sobre a trajetória indígena no Brasil e os conflitos que envolvem o direito ao uso da terra indígena, perpassando pelo impacto trazido pela colonização, sobre elementos culturais, folkcomunicação, hibridização cultural e sobre o uso da terra quanto recurso necessário às atividades produtivas e à reprodução física e cultural dos povos, tendo como eixo central apresentar as problemáticas que envolvem o acesso e reconhecimento do direito a terra indígena, em específico, na aldeia indígena do bairro Jaraguá/SP. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de levantamentos bibliográficos e sites oficiais. Compreende-se a propriedade da terra como um direito originário, ou seja, que antecede até mesmo as legislações da República Federativa, o direito que lhes é garantido, como forma de reparação histórica em respeito ao que representa esse povo.

The Apinayé are a Brazilian indigenous ethnic group that live in a transition zone between the Cerrado and the Amazon. This study primarily aims to understand the meaning that art holds for Apinayé indigenous students at a Brazilian Indigenous School. We used an ethnographic research methodology, while also observing art classes and distributing open questionnaires to these students. The results showed that the arts produced by the indigenous people mostly refer to the body paintings and cultural artifacts they produce, such as necklaces made of beads, fans, coufo, and babassu coconuts, among others. In addition, the indigenous people characterize the Brazilian indigenous culture as something that is extremely significant for their lives, as art represents not only their reality but also their history, struggle, and resistance. Finally, the study suggests that the discipline of art in the indigenous school can help the students understand that the handicrafts they develop and the body painting, babassu coconut straw beds, and other artifacts they produce are also artistic and aesthetic objects that represent their story. Therefore, they are not dissociated from Brazilian art and culture.

Copyright of Lex Humana is the property of Lex Humana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saeculum - Revista de História (0104-8929) is the property of Saeculum - Revista de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper deals with the importance of using ethnomapping elements for the instrumentation of Geography classes, being developed at the Tatakti Kyikatêjê State School in the Mãe Maria Indigenous Land, Kyikatêjê village, with practical applications of the ethnomapping elements with 6th grade students. The lack of didactic material in the understanding and understanding in the studies of the landscapes of the village led the work to make proposals of practical applications of the elements of ethnomapulation in the indigenous school and to elaborate with the students a Geoecological Profile containing the elements that condition the landscape of the village. Being developed with the aid and use of the technologies of geographic information, the software CorelDraw. Using the theoretical references systemic and geoecological, the definition of ethnomapulation according to the conception of some authors as the one of Almeida (2003), Correia (2007), Acserald and Coli (2008) was adopted. The work is developed with the delimitation of the study area, lectures, field work and graphic composition of the new Geoecological Profile. As a result, the new Geoecological Profile of the village has been elaborated, which has provided significant teaching to the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Tellus is the property of Revista Tellus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims to explain about an indigenous trajectory in Brazil and the conflicts involving the right to use indigenous land, going through the impact caused by colonization, on cultural elements, popular communication, cultural hybridization and on the use of land with limited use to the productive activities and physical and cultural reproduction of the peoples, having as central axis the presentation of problems that involve access and recognition of the right to indigenous land, specifically, in the indigenous village of the Jaraguá / SP neighborhood. A survey was carried out through bibliographic surveys and official websites. Understand a property of the land as an original right, that is, that precedes even the same as the laws of the Federative Republic, the right that they are guaranteed, as a form of historical recovery in respect of what this people represents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we aim to problematize the pedagogical work with commemorative dates within institutions of Early Childhood Education. Among the commemorative dates, we took the 'Indian Day', given the relevance and frequency with which this date is worked in schools and in view of Law n°. 11.645, March 10 of 2008, which deals with the obligatory teaching of History and Culture of indigenous peoples. It is a theoretical study, based on authors of the modernity/coloniality group, among others, that help us think about the theme. First, we bring a reflection on the commemorative dates in the pedagogical work. In the sequence, we are dealing with 'Indian day', a subject that is still presented to children with stereotypes and prejudices. Subsequently, as a result of such problematizations, we emphasize the relevance of new directions in school work with children through critical interculturality and the creation of new alternatives of thought and society. As a conclusion, the work with the indigenous theme in education should be based on the equal consideration of the different forms of knowledge, of being and thinking the world. Considering that all subjects are knowledge builders, including children, mechanized and meaningless activities are meaningless. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research analyzes the use of the Digital Libraries of the Biblioteca Central (BCE) by the indigenous students of the University of Brasília (UnB), precisely in the accomplishment of academic and research activities. The specific objectives of this study are: to identify the academic profiles of the indigenous students in the UnB; detect if these students are familiar with the BCE/UnB digital libraries and distinguish their informational skills in the use of these platforms; check how do they use them in their academic and research activities; and, finally, to identify possible difficulties of the indigenous students in the process. This study is theoretical, exploratory and descriptive. From the methodological point of view, it is a quali-quantitative, non-experimental and ethnographic approach. The sample included indigenous students enrolled in UnB. The results showed that these students access digital libraries, however, with minimal frequency. Regarding informational behavior, although the study shows that they are influenced by modernity, when they seek information to meet their information needs, BCE digital libraries are not a priority because they prefer to access the Google search engine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Amazonia has awakened interest in the world, due to the peculiarities of its biome and its multiple ethnicities, cultures and religions. Pope Francis called a special Synod: "Amazonia. New Paths for the Church and for an integral ecology ". One runs the risk of not knowing the long walk already carried out by the churches of the region and one does not learn from its history. So, the article aims to show how in recent years the church with an amazonian face has been developed in the region promoting the care of the Common Home. Such option is the safe basis for undertaking new paths today. Two main sources will be used: the conclusions of the meetings of the bishops of the Brazilian Amazon and the documents of the Conferences of the Latin American Episcopate. Initially, it will be shown how, starting from Medellin, the Church of the Brazilian Amazon assumed pastoral guidelines to respond to the region's appeals, especially to indigenous peoples. Next, the pastoral options and vision of ecology emanating from Puebla, Santo Domingo and Aparecida will be identified. It will be pointed out how the Church of the Brazilian Amazon has assumed an increasing commitment to social and environmental issues. Finally, some challenges and pastoral opportunities will be presented from the Church in the Pan Amazon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Análise da participação indígena na saúde indigenista, tomando como referência empírica a atuação dos Tentehar-Guajajara (Amarante) na Casa de Apoio à Saúde do Índio (CASAI)/Pólo-Base Guajajara e no Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena no Maranhão (DSEI-MA), no período de 2000 a 2007. A análise é realizada buscando apreender se ocorre e como se dá a participação dos índios no modelo Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena (DSEI), de forma a identificar as possibilidades de respeito à diversidade étnica, através da participação indígena, prevista na Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde dos Povos Indígenas. A pesquisa aponta que os Tentehar-Guajajara estão continuamente tentando participar de todas as questões relativas às políticas indigenistas, incluídas as de saúde. Além dos mecanismos oficiais de participação na saúde indigenista, eles têm criado estratégias próprias para serem sujeitos nesse processo. A necessidade de acionar tais estratégias sinaliza que a condução da saúde indigenista no DSEI-MA contradiz o que está posto nos documentos oficiais como uma de suas principais características: a criação de condições para a participação indígena.This analysis of the indian participation in the indigenist health system takes as empirical reference the process of the Tentehar-Guajajara (Amarante) in the Casa de Apoio à Saúde do Índio (CASAI /Pole-Base Guajajara and in the Special Indian Health District in Maranhão / DSEI-MA, from the year 2000 to 2007. The analysis aims to understand whether indian participation is carried out and how it is done in the current model of indigenist health system; it seeks to identify the possibilities of respect to ethnic diversity through indian participation, established in the National Policy of Attention to the Health of the Indian People. The research shows that the Tentehar-Guajajara are continuously trying to participate on all questions related to the Indigenist policies, including health policies. Despite the official mechanisms of participation in the Indigenist health, the indians have created their own strategies in order to be part of this process. The need to set these strategies signals that the conduction of the Indigenist health in the DSEI-MA contradicts what is determined by the official documents as one of their main objectives: to create the necessary conditions for Indian participation.

Objective: Infections are common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with tuberculosis (TB) being important in an endemic environment. We studied the prevalence and spectrum of TB in SLE in Durban, South Africa., Methods: A medical records review of SLE patients seen over 13-year period, and the demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment and outcome were noted., Results: There were 512 SLE patients and 72 (14.1%) had TB. Thirty (41.7%) had pulmonary TB (PTB) and 42 (58.3%) had extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB). The prevalence of TB among the different ethnic groups was 36/282 (12.8%) for Indian people, 29/184 (15.8%) Black African people, 7/26 (26.9%) admixed African people and none among the 18 White people. Comparison of the 72 SLE-TB patients with 72 SLE controls showed no difference in gender, age at SLE diagnosis and disease duration. The SLE-TB patients had a significant increase in the clinical and laboratory features of disease activity (arthritis, mucocutaneous lesions, renal involvement, vasculitis, low complement, raised ds-DNA antibodies), and cumulative prednisone use over the preceding 3 months.Compared to PTB, the EPTB patients were significantly younger, developed TB earlier after SLE diagnosis, and had higher disease activity. The EPTB patients also had increase in features of disease activity (renal, thrombocytopenia, ds-DNA antibodies), and increase in ever use of intravenous methylprednisolone (IV-MP) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). On multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors for EPTB were ever use of MMF ( p = 0.003) and IV-MP ( p = 0.027). Analysis of the cumulative SLE criteria showed renal involvement was an independent risk factor for EPTB. The outcome was similar in both groups., Conclusion: We show an increased prevalence of TB (14.1%) and EPTB (58.3%) in SLE in an endemic area and confirm that features of disease activity and use of immunosuppressive therapy are the major risk factors. Renal involvement (as a cumulative criterion) is an independent risk factor for EPTB., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Al-arbi, Magula and Mody.)

In this paper we question about epistemologies elected to the analysis of how the indigenous Reserve Jaqueira - Porto Seguro (BA), the Pataxó ethnic group, are using the media and information, taking into account this logic in their socio-communicational processes by the reconfiguration of cultural identity. Thus, for the seizure of ways of using the media by Pataxós we have sought explanations of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary order to adopt a transmetodológica epistemology, without losing sight of the field in which the research is inserted in the Communication. By choosing the transmetodologia, we assume that the method is constructed from a plurality of contexts, by means of the interlacing of several logical (formal, intuitive, paraconsistent, abductive, experimental, inventive) and confluence of methods and theoretical models. As the first research movements, we observe that the uses and appropriations of the web by Pataxós have been conducted more critically and policy in support of the strengthening of the movements of struggle and resistance, through the (re) memorizing their cultural matrices, now, if (re) shape, authoritative social bonds of diversity and sociocomunicacionais processes, especially in the environment of social networks. Despite these clues, these first tests does not cover the complexity surrounding the case study, since such research is in development, there are other aspects to be evaluated about the uses and appropriations of other media for this community . Thus, transmetodologia can be understood as a proposal (theoretical and methodological) serving the scientist to criticize, (re)formulate rational processes experimentally obtained and to think about new directions - knowledge that is always reset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the policy of agreements and wars between the Portuguese Crown and the indians in Sertão nordestino in the colonial ages. To facilitate the study, the feuds were split in three great regions: Sertão do Recôncavo Baiano and Bahia’s shore of São Francisco river, including the south of Piauí; Sertão of Pernambuco, Paraíba, Rio Grande and Ceará; and Sertão of Piauí and Maranhão. This division corresponded to the timeline in which the conflicts become more present in the researched documents and allowed a better view on peoples’ displacements since the contact and evaluate the consequences for them. Furthermore, it discusses the time marks and the reach of the historical process called Guerra dos Bárbaros.

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)