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Abstract Background Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in gastric cancer (GC). Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1) is an N6‐methyladenosine (m6A)‐binding protein involved in a variety of cancers. However, whether m6A modification and hnRNPA2B1 play a role in GC chemoresistance is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of hnRNPA2B1 and the downstream mechanism in GC chemoresistance. Methods The expression of hnRNPA2B1 among public datasets were analyzed and validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR), Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical staining. The biological functions of hnRNPA2B1 in GC chemoresistance were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA stability assay were performed to assess the association between hnRNPA2B1 and the binding RNA. The role of hnRNPA2B1 in maintenance of GC stemness was evaluated by bioinformatic analysis, qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and sphere formation assays. The expression patterns of hnRNPA2B1 and downstream regulators in GC specimens from patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed by RNAscope and multiplex immunohistochemistry. Results Elevated expression of hnRNPA2B1 was found in GC cells and tissues, especially in multidrug‐resistant (MDR) GC cell lines. The expression of hnRNPA2B1 was associated with poor outcomes of GC patients, especially in those who received 5‐fluorouracil treatment. Silencing hnRNPA2B1 effectively sensitized GC cells to chemotherapy by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, hnRNPA2B1 interacted with and stabilized long noncoding RNA NEAT1 in an m6A‐dependent manner. Furthermore, hnRNPA2B1 and NEAT1 worked together to enhance the stemness properties of GC cells via Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. In clinical specimens from GC patients subjected to chemotherapy, the expression levels of hnRNPA2B1, NEAT1, CD133, and CD44 were markedly elevated in non‐responders compared with responders. Conclusion Our findings indicated that hnRNPA2B1 interacts with and stabilizes lncRNA NEAT1, which contribute to the maintenance of stemness property via Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and exacerbate chemoresistance in GC.

Abstract International initiatives set ambitious targets for ecological restoration, which is considered a promising greenhouse gas mitigation strategy. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis to quantify the impacts of ecological restoration on greenhouse gas emissions using a dataset compiled from 253 articles. Our findings reveal that forest and grassland restoration increase CH4 uptake by 90.0% and 30.8%, respectively, mainly due to changes in soil properties. Conversely, wetland restoration increases CH4 emissions by 544.4%, primarily attributable to elevated water table depth. Forest and grassland restoration have no significant effect on N2O emissions, while wetland restoration reduces N2O emissions by 68.6%. Wetland restoration enhances net CO2 uptake, and the transition from net CO2 sources to net sinks takes approximately 4 years following restoration. The net ecosystem CO2 exchange of the restored forests decreases with restoration age, and the transition from net CO2 sources to net sinks takes about 3-5 years for afforestation and reforestation sites, and 6-13 years for clear-cutting and post-fire sites. Overall, forest, grassland and wetland restoration decrease the global warming potentials by 327.7%, 157.7% and 62.0% compared with their paired control ecosystems, respectively. Our findings suggest that afforestation, reforestation, rewetting drained wetlands, and restoring degraded grasslands through grazing exclusion, reducing grazing intensity, or converting croplands to grasslands can effectively mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.

Abstract Background Better predictors of patients with stage II/III gastric cancer (GC) most likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy are urgently needed. This study aimed to assess the ability of CDX2 and mucin markers to predict prognosis and fluorouracil‐based adjuvant chemotherapy benefits. Methods CDX2 and mucin protein expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry and compared with survival and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits in a prospective evaluation cohort of 782 stage II/III GC patients. Then, the main findings were validated in an independent validation cohort (n = 386) and an external mRNA sequencing dataset (ACRG cohort, n = 193). Results In the evaluation cohort, CDX2, CD10, MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC6 expressions were observed in 59.7%, 26.7%, 27.6%, 55.1%, and 57.7% of patients, respectively. However, only the expression of CDX2 was found to be associated with adjuvant chemotherapy benefits. Most importantly, CDX2‐negative patients had a poorer prognosis when treated with surgery only, while the prognosis of CDX2‐negative and CDX2‐positive patients was similar when receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Further analysis revealed that patients with CDX2 negative tumors benefited from chemotherapy (5‐year overall survival rates: 60.0% with chemotherapy vs. 23.2% with surgery‐only, p

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide in which dysregulated protein synthesis plays an etiologic role. The eukaryotic elongation factor 1 A1 (eEF1A1) exerts significant effects on protein synthesis by contributing to peptide chain extension. Whereas its role in CRC remains to be investigated. In this study, we found that the mRNA and protein levels of eEF1A1 were significantly upregulated in CRC cell lines and tissues. Elevated expression of eEF1A1 was correlated with shorter overall survival in 94 CRC patients. The inhibition of proliferation and cell cycle block were observed in CRC cells after eEF1A1 downregulation. Mechanistically, weighted gene correlation network analysis and further Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis suggested that mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways were significantly enriched in high‐eEF1A1 expression group, and the levels of phosphorylated p38/JNK/ERK MAPK were dramatically decreased after eEF1A1 downregulation. Overexpression of eEF1A1 in CRC correlated with a poor prognosis. Collectively, this study determined the oncogenic role of eEF1A1 in CRC proliferation and tumorigenesis. eEF1A1 might be a promising therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in CRC.

The deformation and evolution characteristics of landslides has always been a key problem to be solved in the field of landslide disaster prediction and prevention, but there are few studies on the deformation evolution characteristics of multiple sliding zone landslides. A physical model of landslides with three sliding zones has been developed to study the whole deformation evolution process of landslides with multiple sliding zones. To realize multiparameter data analysis of multiple sliding zone landslide evolution processes. The displacement data of the slope surface are obtained by PIV technology, and the deep displacement of the landslide is monitored by a flexible inclinometer. At the same time, the soil pressure box is arranged to obtain the change in the internal soil pressure of the landslide. The experimental results show that the failure of multiple sliding zone landslides can be divided into four stages: the initial deformation stage, uniform deformation stage, accelerated deformation stage and failure stage. The main deformation area of the landslide is different in different stages.The deformation of the lower sliding mass gradually develops to shallow depths under the action of gravity and thrust due to the traction of the upper sliding mass. During the deformation process, the stress of the landslide gradually concentrates to the sliding zone, and the landslide thrust presents a multilevel trapezoidal distribution in the direction of depth. During the accelerated deformation stage, the stress at the sliding zone increases rapidly, multilayer stress concentration zones occur in the landslide body, and the thrust change at the sliding zone position is significantly related to the landslide displacement.

The research on the mechanical characteristics of anti-slide pile is the key to the design of anti-slide pile.In the Three Gorges Reservoir area, there are multi-layer slide belts in some accumulation landslides.However, the current design method of anti-slide pile is only for single-layer landslides.Therefore, the research on the mechanical characteristics of multi-layer slide belt accumulation landslide anti-slide pile is of great significance.Based on the engineering geological characteristics of the accumulation landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, this paper develops a physical test model of the accumulation landslide in the multi-layer sliding belt.The thrust is applied to the rear edge of the landslide to simulate the evolution process of the landslide, and the multi field information of the landslide anti-slide pile system is monitored at the same time.The test results show that in the evolution process of multi-layer slide belt accumulation layer landslide, the stress of pile body shows a good regularity.According to the change trend of slope surface displacement, the landslide evolution is divided into four stages, and on this basis, the pile stress is analyzed.There are two maximum values in the landslide thrust distribution diagram and the only maximum value in the soil resistance distribution diagram.The test results provide some theoretical support for the design of anti-slide pile.

Abstract The BEPCII project is for upgrading the Beijing Electron Positron Collider to reach a higher luminosity. The cryogenic system has been firstly designed and deployed in BEPCII, which provides cooling capacity for SRF cavities, SCQ and SSM. The cryogenic control system consists of Siemens PLC for the refrigerator control and “PLC + IOC” for superconducting device control. The BEPCII machine commissioning with beam started in October 2006. This paper describes the design and the development of the cryogenic control system.

This paper presented results of a numerical study on seven designs of T shape fishways. The trajectory equation of the maximum velocity line and the V/Va equation of the T shape fishways were obtained from the results. It was found that a width of 1.5bs for the T lateral baffle, a width of 5bs and a length of 6.25bs for the pools were very satisfactory for the dimensional design of T shape fishways, where bs was the slot width. From the seven designs studied, design 3 (D3, D denotes “design”) was recommended for practical use.

Determining how to restore fish migration routes blocked by large dams is the subject of great debate. Fishways are effective engineering measures restoring fish migration routes. However, most fishways in China do not carry out their target functions. Additionally, no studies have investigated key fishway technologies in the plateaus of Western China. In this research, the relationship between fish behavior and hydrodynamics was assessed by conducting quantitative descriptions of flow speed, turbulence, and other hydraulic indicators. First, target fish species of the plateaus of Western China were determined; then, swimming capabilities and migration characteristics of target fish were assessed. Then the preliminary hydraulic conditions for fishway projects in the plateaus of Western China were proposed. Finally, on-site migration experiments in the fishways were conducted to validate the preliminary hydraulic conditions. Keywords: Ecological hydraulics, Ecological restoration, Environmental management, Fish migration, Fish swimming capability, Fishway

Nature-like fishway arrangements are commonly used because these structures imitate the characteristics of natural rivers and effectively allow fish to migrate past river sections blocked by hydraulic structures. In this paper, physical models were analyzed, and the velocity distributions of two different fishway structures (Types I and II) were compared. Results showed that the maximum mainstream velocity of the Type I structure was 5.3% lower than that of the Type II structure. However, the average mainstream velocity of the Type I structure was 21.1% greater than that of the Type II structure. The total per-cycle length of the mainstream path in the Type II structure was 2.1 times greater than that of the Type I structure, which indicated that the length of the mainstream path was somewhat proportional to the average velocity of the mainstream. When the flow rate was kept constant, the average velocity of the mainstream decreased by increasing the total length of the mainstream caused by the internal structure of the fishway, and the average velocity of the mainstream increased when the total length of the mainstream was shortened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The runoff and sediment characteristics during different growth periods in peanut were explored to provide a theoretical basis for improving the soil erosion of land cultivated with peanut. The runoff and sand production of slopes cultivated with peanuts were evaluated using artificial rainfall simulation tests in the field with three rainfall intensities (60, 90, and 120 mm/h) during four peanut growth periods (bare land stage, seeding stage, bearing pod stage, and pot mature stage). The results indicated that the bare land stage was the most prone to runoff and exhibited the most severe surface soil loss, whereas the bearing pod stage and pot mature stage demonstrated the best water storage and soil conservation benefits. The sediment reduction benefit of peanuts is better than the runoff reduction benefit. Rainstorms will weaken the soil and water storage capacity of peanuts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]