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This study investigates the elastic properties and the photon and neutron shielding properties of TeO2–MgO–Na2O–Nd2O3 glasses, as well as the mass stopping power and projected range of alpha and proton charged particles using SRIM software. PHITS 3.22, MCNP6.2 N-particle Monte Carlo codes and XCOM software were utilised to compute the mass attenuation coefficient (μ / ρ). The simulated and theoretical results were found to be very similar. The increase in μ / ρ values was caused by the addition of neodymium to the glasses. The lowest mean free path, half-value layer and tenth-value layer values were observed at the highest Nd2O3-doped sample. This showed that adding neodymium to glasses improves their photon radiation reduction ability. The glasses' fast neutron removal cross-sections (ΣR) were computed and the effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective electron density (Neff) were calculated using Phy-X / PSD software. The results revealed that the 75TeO2–15MgO–10Na2O glass is capable of stopping (proton and alpha) charged particles. In terms of photon and neutron attenuations, the glass system is recommended as a shielding material. In addition, the elastic properties of the samples were determined using bond compression and Makishima and Mackenzie method. According to both models, as the additive ratio increased, an improvement was observed in the elastic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present investigation, mass attenuation coefficients (μm) and some related nuclear shielding quantities of various granite samples have been computed at several photon energies of 0.356, 0.662, 1.173, 1.274 and 1.333 MeV by using standard simulation geometry of the Monte Carlo N-particle Transport Code System - extended (MCNPX) code. The estimated data have been compared to those of experimental and NIST standard theoretical. The results are observed to be comparable with each other. This study represented that G1 and G9 granites possess the highest and lowest half-layer value (HVL) among the selected granite samples, respectively. The values of effective atomic number (Zeff) of all the granites were found to be almost stationary in the studied energy region. In addition, exposure buildup factor (EBF) values of the granites were computed for the 0.015-15 MeV energy range up to 40 mfp. The largest and lowest values for EBF were obtained for G8 and G2 samples, respectively. The HVLs of nine granite samples were compared with those of concretes, rocks and polyethylene composites at different photon energies. Additionally, mass stopping power (MSP) and projected range (PR) are calculated using the Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter code. The effective removal cross-sections for fast neutrons (ΣR) have been also assessed to survey the neutron protection effectiveness of the granites. The results represented that G9 has the best neutron attenuation features. It can be concluded from this study that the G9 granite sample possesses superior gamma and neutron shielding performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present investigation, nuclear radiation shielding parameters of xTeO2 + (100–x)Li2O (where x = 95, 90, 85, 80, 75, and 70 mol%) glass system have been examined. Gamma shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficients (MAC), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff) were calculated. Moreover, neutron effective cross sections (∑R) are determined. The calculations for present materials have been performed in different photon energy ranges (0.01–20 MeV) and using Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) simulation code and theoretical results were also obtained with WinXcom program. The results obtained from the MCNPX and WinXcom program were found to be in well harmony. Moreover, for the assessment of radiation shielding success of tellurite glasses, the mass stopping power (MSP) and projected range (PR) were computed for proton and alpha particles using stopping and range of ions in matter (SRIM) code. When the results obtained from the study are examined, it is seen that 95TeLi glass has the lowest HVL, TVL, MFP, TF and the highest (∑R) values. Therefore, the 95TeLi glass has the most perfect radiation shielding achievement than other investigated glasses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study focuses on the results on survey of exposure buildup factor, photon and neutron shielding parameters for B, C and D series SiO 2 –PbO–CdO-Ga 2 O 3 glasses utilizing MCNPX Monte Carlo code. In order to check out the accuracy of MCNPX results, the computational values of mass attenuation coefficients were confirmed with those of XCOM database in relatively photon energy region of 0.020–20 MeV. The relative deviation between MCNPX and XCOM values is below 10% except for 0B and 2B at 0.060 MeV and 0D and 1D at 0.122 MeV. The gamma ray buildup factors for the three extended glass systems were also determined in a wide energy range of 0.02–15 MeV for penetration depths up to 15 mfp. In addition, some related radiation attenuation parameters have been estimated and deduced that among the selected glasses, C-series sample has best photon shielding performance while being B series glasses the superior materials for neutron, alpha and proton shielding. The results showed that C series glass samples among SPCG glasses have clear advantage in weight decrease in terms of shielding the X- and gamma rays in relatively photon energy region of 0.020–20 MeV. It can be concluded that certain types of glasses which include this kind of mixture may be considered an alternative material for radiation shielding practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to evaluate not only photon and neutron but also proton and alpha shielding effectiveness of barium bismuth borate glasses doped by CeO 2. The mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ) of these glasses have been computed utilizing MCNPX (2.6.0) code in a wide energy range of 0.02–20 MeV and compared with the results of WinXCOM software. Afterwards, some photon attenuation parameters such as half-value layer, (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Z eff), effective electron density (N el), photon transmission factors (TF) and neutron effective removal cross-sections (Σ R) for the cerium oxide substituted barium bismuth borate glasses have been estimated. Using G-P fitting method, exposure buildup factor (EBF) values have been found over the energy range 0.015–15 MeV up to 40 mfp. In addition, Mass stopping power (MSP) and projected range (PR) values have been calculated for proton particles (H1) and alpha particles (He+2). The results exhibit that the density of the glass can be related to the photon and neutron shielding. A10 glass has the highest Σ R values whereas the lowest TF values in gamma and neutron radiation have been observed for A1 sample. A1 and U glasses possess the highest values of Z eff as well as the smallest values of EBF. It can be concluded that A1 and A10 glasses are alternative materials with terms of photon and neutron attenuation, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The eye lens has been known a radiosensitive tissue. Radiation exposure can cause opacities, cataracts and vision loss. The sensitivity of the eyes to ionizing radiation has attracted attention in the last decade. ICRP announced that equivalent dose limit of eye lens has dropped in recent years. Therefore, spectacle lens selection is becoming increasingly important. In this study, the radiation protection properties of spectacle lens (CR-39, Polycarbonate and Trivex) materials were investigated using the MCNP-6.2 Monte Carlo code and SRIM software. The suitability of the results obtained with MCNP-6.2 Monte Carlo code was provided by comparing the theoretical results obtained from the WinXCOM program. The results showed that the CR-39 spectacle lens had minimum half-value layer, tenth value layer and mean free path values. In addition to the photon protection properties of spectacle lens materials, proton (H 1 ) and alpha (He +2 ) radiation protection properties were also investigated. Mass stopping power and projected range (PR) values for proton and alpha particles were calculated using SRIM code in the energy range of 0.01-10 MeV. As a result of the research, it was seen that the CR-39 lens had minimum PR values., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)