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The major drivers in the rapid growth of food demand include growing world population, rising incomes and eating trends towards higher meat intake. Chicken meat and eggs are viable and high-quality protein sources, an increased demand of which has led to a rapid growth of industrial poultry production. The consumption of contaminated meat, eggs and allied products is one of the major cause of food borne illnesses so food safety has become a matter of ever increasing global concern. Since decades, antibiotics have extensively been used in animals for prophylaxis and treatment of various infections and subtherapeutic levels of antibiotics have commonly been used in animal feeds as growth promoters. The rational use of antibiotic growth promoters has potential impact on poultry production with their consistent performance in optimising gut health and prevention of enteric diseases. However, the emergence of antibiotic resistance has led to a ban on use of antibiotic growth promoters in some parts of the world. The role of gut microbiota in sustainable poultry production and alternatives strategies to optimise gut health has been discussed. To implement a successful antimicrobial stewardship strategy in intensive poultry production, a multidimensional approach is needed to facilitate the successful replacement of antibiotic growth promoters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in adult females at the Urban Health Training Center (UHTC) of a private medical college using a color-coded stratification based on levels of prevention. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during June-July 2023 at UHTC, a private medical college. The sample size was calculated as 256. First, a basic health assessment of the study population was done. This focused on basic socio-demographic data of the adult women, their health status and blood pressure reading, risk profile, treatment-seeking behavior, etc. A proforma was developed to record the data. The principal investigator did a level of prevention-based color-coded stratification for HTN patient segmentation. Results: The majority of respondents were married (75.4%). Their literacy rate was 72%. The majority of the respondents were homemakers (58.2%). The mean age of the respondents was 38.23 years (range 18-75 years). Monthly household income ranged from Rs. 1,000 to 60,000, with a mean of Rs. 10,611.72. The average family size was 4.61 members. Some (22%) of the respondents fell into the "Health promotion" category (Green), indicating that they were free of HTN. About 39% of respondents were categorized under "Specific protection" (Blue), signifying that they were at risk of developing HTN; 14% were diagnosed with HTN cases without apparent complications, classified as "Early Diagnosis/Treatment" (Yellow). About 21% of respondents were placed in the "Disability Limitation" (Orange) category, indicating some complications, while 4.3% were identified as HTN patients needing "Rehabilitation" (Red) due to serious complications. Conclusion: This approach of the color-coded stratification based on levels of prevention among adult females of UHTC revealed the spectrum of HTN in the general community. Overall, 39% of the respondents had HTN. About two-fifths of respondents were at risk of developing HTN. This method has the potential to enhance the individualized management of HTN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In developing countries, neonatal mortality is the most neglected health issue by the health system, leading to its emergence as a public health problem. A study was undertaken to assess the influence of factors and newborn care practices influencing newborn health in the rural area of Bareilly district. Methodology: The descriptive cross-sectional study was organized in the rural areas of Bareilly. Study participants were selected based on the mothers who gave birth to a baby during the last six months. The mothers who delivered in that area within six months were included and, using the semi-structured questionnaire, data were collected. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 2021 version for windows. Results: Out of 300 deliveries, nearly one-quarter of the deliveries, 66 (22%), were happening in homes, and most of the deliveries, 234 (78%), happened in hospitals. It was observed that unsafe cord care practices were observed more among nuclear families, 8 (53.4%), than joint families, 7 (46.6%), and it was found to be statistically insignificant. The Unsafe feed was given 48 (72.7%) more commonly among home deliveries than institutional deliveries 56 (23.9%). Mothers' initiation of delayed breastfeeding was nearly the same in both home and hospital deliveries. Delayed bathing was observed in nearly three-fourths of mothers, 125 (70.1%), aged 24–29 years, followed by 29 (16.8%) in the age period of 30–35 years. Conclusion: The practice of essential newborn care still needs to improve in Bareilly; there is a need to create awareness among the mothers and family members on newborn and early neonatal care aspects, such as promoting exclusive and early initiation of breastfeeding and delayed bathing practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of hypothyroidism is reported in 4%-5% of population in the developed world, while in Indian population it is reported in around one in ten adults. Aims & Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in Indian patients with T2DM and hypertension. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, amongst adults who were aged 18 years and above and diagnosed T2DM, HTN, and T2DM + HTN who resided in the field practice areas of the Urban Health Training Centre of the Department of Community Medicine, Integral institute of medical sciences and research, Lucknow, India. The results were summarized by descriptive statistics. Results: Out of 300 persons questioned, 159 (53.0%) were females and 141 (47.0%) were males. It was found that the mean age of the overall population was 53.1±11.3 years, mean and standard deviation of thyroid function and glycemic indicators test, observed that the levels of fT3, fT4, TSH, and glycemic indicators like FPG, PPG and HbA1c were identical. Conclusion: Subclinical hypothyroid subjects should be regularly screened for HTN. Elderly patients had higher proportion of thyroid dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]