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4. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the xth international congress of virology: August 11–16, 1996 Binyanei haOoma, Jerusalem Iarael part 3(final part)

Author

Liu, Sijun, Bedford, Ian D., Markham, Peter G., Ghanim, Morad, Zeidan, Muhamad, Czosnek, Henryk, Bruyère, A., Herrbach, E., Brault, V., Ziegler-Graff, V., Guilley, H., van den Heuvel, J. F. J. M., Taiwo, M. A., Dijkstra, J., Martinez, B., López-Moya, J. J., Llave, C., Díaz-Ruíz, J. R., López-Abella, D., Mikoshiba, Y., Honda, K., Kanematsu, S., Fujisawa, I., Salomon, Raffi, Bernardi, Francoise, Raccah, B., Singer, S., Gal-On, A., Huet, H., López-Moya, J. J., Pirone, T. P., Visser, Peter B., Bol, John F., Hernández, Carmen, Brown, Derek J. F., Pappu, H. R., Culbreath, A. K., Todd, J. W., McPherson, R. M., Sherwood, J. L., Bertrand, P. F., Robbins, M. A., Reade, R. D., Rochon, D. M., Schönfelder, M., Körbler, M., Barg, E., Lesemann, D. -E., Vetten, H. J., Manqussopoulos, I. N., Tsagris, M., Maiss, E., Marczewski, W., Syller, J., Romero, Javier, Molina-Garcia, Antonio, Babin, Mar, Bujarski, Jozef J., Pogany, Judy, Zhang, L., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I. B., Qu, Feng, Morris, T. Jack, Steinkellner, H., Puehringer, H., Machado, A. M. Laimer da Câmara, Hammond, J., Brandt, S., Katinger, H., Himmler, G., Carrier, K., Hans, F., Wang, A., Sanfacon, H., Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Petrzik, K., Mráz, I., Fránová-Honetšlegrová, J., Kusiak, C., Berthome, R., Dinant, S., Astier, S., Albouy, J., Renou, J. P., Bó, E. Dal, Torre, M. E. Sánchez de la, Djelouah, K., García, M. L., Grau, O., Benvenisti, Luna, Gelman, Boris, Hai, Dalia, Yadin, Hagai, Stram, Yehuda, Becker, Yechiel, Čeřovská, N., Filigarová, M., Dědič, P., Nemchinov, L., Hadidi, A., Choi, Y. G., Randles, J. W., Samson, A. C. R., Wilford, J. N., Chapman, S., Santa Cruz, S., Wilson, T. M. A., Wilkinson, Nicola, Wilson, Louise, Marlow, Susan, King, Linda, Possee, Robert, Zhu, Fanxiu, Qi, Yipeng, Huang, Yongxiu, Hu, Jianhong, Oker-Blom, Christian, Keinänen, Kari, Chauhan, B. K., Possee, R. D., French, T. J., Finkelstein, Y., Levi, B. Z., Faktor, O., Toister-Achituv, Mira, Wang, Fushan, Qi, Yipeng, Huang, Yongxiu, Lu, Liquan, Du, Quansheng, Watson, S. K., Kalmakoff, J., Broer, R., Liu, Y., Zuidema, D., Strien, E. A. van, Vlak, J. M., Heldens, J. G. M., Chejanovsky, N., Gershburg, E., Toister-Achituv, Mira, Faruchi, S., Kamensky, B., Faktor, O., Faktor, O., Nahum, O., Stockholm, D., Rivkin, H., Gurevitz, M., Chejanovsky, N., Zilberberg, N., Gershburg, E., Stockholm, D., Rivkin, H., Chejanovsky, N., Gurevitz, M., Zilberberg, N., Gershburg, E., Smith, P., King, L. A., Bamett, A., Windass, J. D., Possee, R. D., Jacobs, C., Fielding, B., Davison, S., Kunjeku, E., Guarino, L. A., Jarvis, D. L., Reilly, L., Hoover, K., Schultz, C. M., Hammock, B. D., Gordon, K. H. J., Bawden, A. L., Brooks, E. M., Lincoln, M. R., Hanzlik, T. N., Larkin, P. J., Gordon, K. H. J., Bawden, A. L., van Hulten, M. C. W., Hanzlik, T. N., Hendry, D. A., Stephens, Rachel, Barnett, Anna, Thomas, Carole, Possee, Robert, King, Linda, Phanis, Constantinos, O’Reilly, David R., Clarke, E., Tristem, Michael, Cory, Jennifer, O’Reilly, David R., Mayo, M. A., Duncan, G. H., Reavy, B., Gildow, F. E., Lamb, J. W., Hay, R. T., Li, Shoudong, Qi, Bing, Wang, Jiawang, Qi, Yipeng, O’Reilly, David R., Kang, WonKyung, Crook, Norman E., Winstanley, Doreen, Alaoui-Ismaili, M. H., Richardson, C. D., Lundsgaard, T., Kobayashi, J., Kayama, T., Ikeda, N., Miyajima, S., Inouye, K., Kimura, T., Suzuki, N., Sugawara, M., Nuss, D. L., Matsuura, Y., Simón, Laureano, Guo, Huishan, García, Juan Antonio, Wang, S., Miller, W. A., Browning, K., Fütterer, Johannes, Potrykus, Ingo, Bao, Yiming, Li, Liu, Burns, Thomas M., Hull, Roger, Hohn, Thomas, Hefferon, K. L., AbouHaider, M. G., Hulanicka, D., Juszczuk, M., Iskakov, B. K., Shmanov, M. A., Polimbetova, N. S., Zhanybekova, S. Sh., Lee, A. V., Galiakparov, N. N., Dale, J. L., Beetham, P. R., Hafner, G. J., Harding, R. M., and Dale, J. L.

Published
1998
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5. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the xth international congress of virology: August 11–16,1996 Binyanei haOoma, Jerusalem, Israel Part 2 Plenary Lectures

Author

Ramirez, E., Hernádez, A., Ham, E., Barrón, B. L., Ding, S. W., Li, W. X., Shi, B. J., Symons, R. H., Li, Q., Ryu, K. H., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I. B., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I. B., Palukaitis, P., Gal-On, A., Kunhara, J., Otsubo, T., Tomaru, K., Tsuda, S., Kinta, M., Lin, T., Johnson, J. E., Porta, C., Taylor, K. M., Spall, V. E., Lomonossoff, G. P., Spall, V. E., Porta, C., Lomonossoff, G. P., Gal-On, A., Meiri, E., Raccah, B., Gaba, V., Ikegami, M., Kawashima, H., Murayama, A., Natsuaki, T., Kageyama, Y., Sugimura, N., Thole, V., Bol, J. F., Deiman, B. A. L. M., Koenen, A. K., Pleij, C. W. A., Chaleeprom, W., Bateson, M. F., Dale, J. L., Badge, J. L., Foster, G. D., Brunt, A. A., Robinson, D., Schubert, J., Rabenstein, F., Merits, A., Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Wang, Ching-Hsien, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Golshani, A., Ivanov, I. G., AbouHaidar, M. G., Rodoni, B. C., Harding, R. M., Bateson, M. F., Dale, J. L., Oertel, U., Fuchs, E., Schubert, J., Yang, S. J., Revere, F., Walter, J., Le Gall, O., Dunez, J., Candresse, T., Lot, H., Souche, S., Kasschau, Kristin D., Carrington, James C., Chiang, A. N., Turner, N. E., Hwang, D. J., Chachulska, A. M., Zagórski, W., Robaglia, C., Chrzanowska, M., Truve, E., Tamm, T., Saarma, M., Makinen, K., Wang, Aiming, Carrier, Karma, Wieczorek, Andrew, Huguenot, Claire, Sanfacon, Helene, Wurscher, M. A., Christensen, F. E., Prody, G. A., Sanchez-Navarro, J. A., Pallas, V., Carson, R., Dagless, E., Lock, S., Turner, R., Foster, G. D., Badge, J. L., Adams, M., Antoniw, J., Brunt, A. A., Phillips, S., Kashiwazaki, S., Seal, S., Karamagioli, M., Druka, Amis, Makhdoom, Rahat, Yitang, Yan, Hull, Roger, Kikkert, M., Bodegom, P., Storms, M., van Lent, J., Kormelink, R., Goldbach, R., De Haan, P., De Rover, A. R., Van Schepen, A., Gielen, J. J. L., Van Grinsven, M. Q. J. M., Livneh, O., Vardi, E., Kuznetsova, L., Aliskevicius, E., Stram, Y., Sela, I., Dinant, S., Kusiak, C., Blaise, F., Chupeau, Y., Astier, S., Albouy, J., Clifford, T. B., Taylor, S. C., Stratford, R., Foster, G. D., Xiao, X. W., Frenkel, M. J., Chu, P., Tabe, L., Shukla, D. D., Ward, C. W., Hwang, Duk-Ju, Turner, Nilgun, Taylor, S. C., Mooney, A., MacFarlane, S. A., Twell, D., Foster, G. D., Jacquet, C., Ravelonandro, M., Bachelier, J. C., Dunez, J., Almási, A., Böddi, B., Szigeti, Z., Ekes, M., Gaborianvi, R., Yankulova, Margarita, Ivanova, Lidia, Adam, G., Guelemerov, S., Nikolaeva, Velitchka, Atanassov, A., Prins, Marcel, de Haan, Peter, Goldbach, Rob, Duan, Y. P., Powell, C. A., Purcifull, D. E., Hiebert, E., Levine, B., Faktor, O., Zeituny, Silvy, Edelbaum, Orit, Sela, L., Marano, Maria-Rosa, Ratcliff, Frank, Baulcombe, David C., van Oers, Monique M., Linthorst, Huub J. M., Bol, John F., Schillberg, S., Zimmermann, S., Drossard, J., Schumann, D., Nahring, J., Fischer, R., Lapidot, Moshe, Arce-Johnson, Patricio, Rivera-Bustamante, Rafael, Beachy, Roger N., Cassidy, Brandt G., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Hajimorad, M. R., Wesley, Varsha, Angel-Diaz, J., Mayo, M. A., Hafner, G. J., May, G. D., Becker, D. K., Harding, R. M., Arntzen, C. J., Dale, J. L., Taylor, S. C., Porter, J., Foster, G. D., Palukaitis, P., Hellwald, K. H., Banerjee, N., Zaitlin, M., Gal-On, A., Wolf, D., Faure, J. E., Pilowsky, M., Cohen, S., Zelcer, A., Hardi, V., Tomassoli, L., Kaniewski, W. K., Mitsky, T., Barba, M., Hou, Y. -M., Ursin, V. M., Sanders, R., Gilbertson, R. L., Gruden, Kristina, Štrukelj, Borut, Brzin, Joze, Ravnikar, Maja, Maganja, Darja Barlič, Kregar, Igor, Maki-Valkama, T., Pehu, T., Valkonen, J., Lento, K., Pehu, E., Zaitlin, M., Kaniewski, W. K., Lawson, E. C., Feldman, J., Zalewski, J., Saarma, M., Kuittinen, T., Valkonen, J., Atiri, G. I., Romero, A., Arroyo, R., Soto, M. J., Martínez-Zapater, J. M., Ponz, F., Gilardi, P., López, L., García-Luque, I., Serra, M. T., Pang, Sheng-Zhi, Jan, Fuh-Jyh, Carney, Kim, Tricoli, David M., Quemada, Hector D., Gonsalves, Dennis, Aboul-Ata, A. E., Thouvenel, J. -C., Marshall, D., Abo-El-Saad, Sh., Satour, M., Mazithulela, G., Mehlo, L., Gahakwa, D., Leech, M., Boulton, M. I., Davies, J. W., Christou, P., Huet, H., Sivamani, E., Ong, C. A., Chen, L., de Kochko, A., Beachy, R. N., Fauquet, C. M., Sithisarn-Burns, P., Maugeri, M. M., Dale, J. L., Smith, G. R., Harding, R. M., Handley, J. A., Harding, R. M., Smith, G. R., Dale, J. L., Graichen, K., Peterka, J., Chu, Paul, Larkin, Phil, Higgins, T. J., Wylie, S., Jones, M. G. K., Somsap, V., Loo, H. P., Li, D., Mathews, A., Jones, M. G. K., Dwyer, G. I., Jones, M. G. K., McCarthy, P. L., Hansen, J., Shiel, P. J., Zemetra, R. S., Wyatt, S. D., Berger, P. H., Ford, C., Collins, N., Rathjen, J., Shams-Bakhsh, M., Paltridge, N., Symons, R. H., Aboul-Ata, A. E., Makkouk, K. M., El-Saied, M. A., El-Hariry, M., Salem, G., Soliman, N. H., Rishi, Narayan, Lodhi, G. P., Bishnoi, S. S., Sangwan, R. B., Sijen, Titia, Wellink, Joan, van Kammen, Ab, Ravelonandro, M., Scorza, R., Bachelier, J., Callahan, A., Levy, L., Dunez, J., Polák, J., Oukropec, I., Kominek, P., Bitoova, M., Cardol, Erwin, Prins, Marcel, Kormelink, Richard, Goldbach, Rob, Baulcombe, D. C., English, J. J., Davenport, G., Ruiz-Perez, T., Mueller, E., Truve, E., Nigul, L., Saarma, M., Kelve, M., Fedorkin, O. N., Denisenko, O. N., Zelenina, D. A., Morozov, S. Yu., Atabekov, J. G., Laliberté, J. -F., Wittmann, S., Plante, Daniel, Fortin, Marc G., Chatel, H., Rodriguez-Alvarado, G., Garcia-Arenal, F., Roossinck, M. J., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M. J., Palukaitis, P., Gellatly, D. L., AbouHaidar, M. G., Rasochova, L., Aulik, M., Passmore, B., Falk, B., Miller, W. A., Lin, Na-Sheng, Lin, Biing-Yuan, Hsu, Yau-Heiu, Tamada, T., Kiguchi, T., Saito, M., Kusume, T., Uchino, H., Taliansky, M., Robinson, D., DiSerio, F., Daròs, J. A., Ragozzino, A., Floras, R., Hohn, Thomas, Chen, Gang, Rothnie, Helen, Corsten, Sandra, Fütterer, Johannes, Mikhailov, M. V., Bishop, D. H. L., and Roy, P.

Published
1997
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7. Correction

Author

Liu, Sijun, Bedford, Ian D., Markham, Peter G., Ghanim, Morad, Zeidan, Muhamad, Czosnek, Henryk, Bruyère, A., Herrbach, E., Brault, V., Ziegler-Graff, V., Guilley, H., van den Heuvel, J. F. J. M., Taiwo, M. A., Dijkstra, J., Martinez, B., López-Moya, J. J., Llave, C., Díaz-Ruíz, J. R., López-Abella, D., Mikoshiba, Y., Honda, K., Kanematsu, S., Fujisawa, I., Salomon, Raffi, Bernardi, Francoise, Raccah, B., Singer, S., Gal-On, A., Huet, H., López-Moya, J. J., Pirone, T. P., Visser, Peter B., Bol, John F., Hernández, Carmen, Brown, Derek J. F., Pappu, H. R., Culbreath, A. K., Todd, J. W., McPherson, R. M., Sherwood, J. L., Bertrand, P. F., Robbins, M. A., Reade, R. D., Rochon, D. M., Schönfelder, M., Körbler, M., Barg, E., Lesemann, D. -E., Vetten, H. J., Manqussopoulos, I. N., Tsagris, M., Maiss, E., Marczewski, W., Syller, J., Romero, Javier, Molina-Garcia, Antonio, Babin, Mar, Bujarski, Jozef J., Pogany, Judy, Zhang, L., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I. B., Qu, Feng, Morris, T. Jack, Steinkellner, H., Puehringer, H., Machado, A. M. Laimer da Câmara, Hammond, J., Brandt, S., Katinger, H., Himmler, G., Carrier, K., Hans, F., Wang, A., Sanfacon, H., Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Petrzik, K., Mráz, I., Fránová-Honetšlegrová, J., Kusiak, C., Berthome, R., Dinant, S., Astier, S., Albouy, J., Renou, J. P., Bó, E. Dal, Torre, M. E. Sánchez de la, Djelouah, K., García, M. L., Grau, O., Benvenisti, Luna, Gelman, Boris, Hai, Dalia, Yadin, Hagai, Stram, Yehuda, Becker, Yechiel, Čeřovská, N., Filigarová, M., Dědič, P., Nemchinov, L., Hadidi, A., Choi, Y. G., Randles, J. W., Samson, A. C. R., Wilford, J. N., Chapman, S., Santa Cruz, S., Wilson, T. M. A., Wilkinson, Nicola, Wilson, Louise, Marlow, Susan, King, Linda, Possee, Robert, Zhu, Fanxiu, Qi, Yipeng, Huang, Yongxiu, Hu, Jianhong, Oker-Blom, Christian, Keinänen, Kari, Chauhan, B. K., Possee, R. D., French, T. J., Finkelstein, Y., Levi, B. Z., Faktor, O., Toister-Achituv, Mira, Wang, Fushan, Qi, Yipeng, Huang, Yongxiu, Lu, Liquan, Du, Quansheng, Watson, S. K., Kalmakoff, J., Broer, R., Liu, Y., Zuidema, D., Strien, E. A. van, Vlak, J. M., Heldens, J. G. M., Chejanovsky, N., Gershburg, E., Toister-Achituv, Mira, Faruchi, S., Kamensky, B., Faktor, O., Faktor, O., Nahum, O., Stockholm, D., Rivkin, H., Gurevitz, M., Chejanovsky, N., Zilberberg, N., Gershburg, E., Stockholm, D., Rivkin, H., Chejanovsky, N., Gurevitz, M., Zilberberg, N., Gershburg, E., Smith, P., King, L. A., Bamett, A., Windass, J. D., Possee, R. D., Jacobs, C., Fielding, B., Davison, S., Kunjeku, E., Guarino, L. A., Jarvis, D. L., Reilly, L., Hoover, K., Schultz, C. M., Hammock, B. D., Gordon, K. H. J., Bawden, A. L., Brooks, E. M., Lincoln, M. R., Hanzlik, T. N., Larkin, P. J., Gordon, K. H. J., Bawden, A. L., van Hulten, M. C. W., Hanzlik, T. N., Hendry, D. A., Stephens, Rachel, Barnett, Anna, Thomas, Carole, Possee, Robert, King, Linda, Phanis, Constantinos, O’Reilly, David R., Clarke, E., Tristem, Michael, Cory, Jennifer, O’Reilly, David R., Mayo, M. A., Duncan, G. H., Reavy, B., Gildow, F. E., Lamb, J. W., Hay, R. T., Li, Shoudong, Qi, Bing, Wang, Jiawang, Qi, Yipeng, O’Reilly, David R., Kang, WonKyung, Crook, Norman E., Winstanley, Doreen, Alaoui-Ismaili, M. H., Richardson, C. D., Lundsgaard, T., Kobayashi, J., Kayama, T., Ikeda, N., Miyajima, S., Inouye, K., Kimura, T., Suzuki, N., Sugawara, M., Nuss, D. L., Matsuura, Y., Simón, Laureano, Guo, Huishan, García, Juan Antonio, Wang, S., Miller, W. A., Browning, K., Fütterer, Johannes, Potrykus, Ingo, Bao, Yiming, Li, Liu, Burns, Thomas M., Hull, Roger, Hohn, Thomas, Hefferon, K. L., AbouHaider, M. G., Hulanicka, D., Juszczuk, M., Iskakov, B. K., Shmanov, M. A., Polimbetova, N. S., Zhanybekova, S. Sh., Lee, A. V., Galiakparov, N. N., Dale, J. L., Beetham, P. R., Hafner, G. J., Harding, R. M., and Dale, J. L.

Published
1998
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8. Agreement, correlation, and kinetics of the alveolar bone-loss measurement methodologies in a ligature-induced periodontitis animal model.

Author

Vargas-Sanchez PK, Moro MG, Santos FAD, Anbinder AL, Kreich E, Moraes RM, Padilha L, Kusiak C, Scomparin DX, and Franco GCN

Subjects
Alveolar Bone Loss diagnostic imaging, Alveolar Bone Loss etiology, Animals, Kinetics, Ligation, Male, Observer Variation, Periodontitis diagnostic imaging, Radiography, Dental, Random Allocation, Rats, Wistar, Reference Values, Reproducibility of Results, Time Factors, Alveolar Bone Loss pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Periodontitis etiology, Periodontitis pathology
Abstract

Periodontal research involves the use of animal models to better understand the biological processes of periodontal diseases and the potential of new or existing therapies. Currently, ligature-induced periodontitis in rats is the main model used in periodontal research, in this model, alveolar bone loss (ABL) is the main parameter evaluated by radiographic, morphometric, and histological techniques. Interestingly, although these methodologies are widely used, it is not totally clarified neither the kinetics of ABL over the induction time nor the agreement degree (repeatability and reproducibility) of these techniques., Objective: To characterize ABL kinetics at 0, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days after ABL induction by ligature and to evaluate the intra- (repeatability) and inter-examiner (reproducibility) agreement and the correlation among the radiographic, morphometric, and histological methodologies., Material and Methods: 60 male Wistar rats with induced ABL were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups (n = 10 animals/group). After 0, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days, the animals were euthanized and their hemimandibles were removed for ABL determination using radiographic, morphometric and histological techniques., Results: Radiographic and morphometric/linear techniques allowed the detection of statistically significant ABL on the third day, while histological and morphometric/area techniques could only detect ABL after the seventh day (ANOVA/Tukey, p<0.05). After the fifteenth day, except for histological analysis, the ABL was stabilized. Concerning the agreement of the methodologies, Bland Altman's test (intra and inter-examiner evaluations) showed no difference among the measurements (p>0.05). In addition, high correlations (Pearson's test, r2>0.9, p<0.05) were observed., Conclusion: The results indicated that the minimum time for ABL induction could vary from 3 to 7 days, according to the chosen analysis methodology. Agreement and correlation data support the comparison of results between studies with same induction time.

Published
2017
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9. Involvement of the xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolases encoded by celery XTH1 and Arabidopsis XTH33 in the phloem response to aphids.

Author

Divol F, Vilaine F, Thibivilliers S, Kusiak C, Sauge MH, and Dinant S

Subjects
Animals, Apium genetics, Apium parasitology, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis parasitology, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Glycosyltransferases genetics, Host-Parasite Interactions physiology, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Phloem parasitology, Plant Leaves enzymology, Plant Leaves parasitology, Plants, Genetically Modified, Transcription, Genetic, Up-Regulation, Aphids physiology, Apium enzymology, Arabidopsis enzymology, Glycosyltransferases metabolism, Phloem metabolism
Abstract

During infestation, phloem-feeding insects induce transcriptional reprogramming in plants that may lead to protection. Transcripts of the celery XTH1 gene, encoding a xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH), were previously found to accumulate systemically in celery (Apium graveolens) phloem, following infestation with the generalist aphid Myzus persicae. XTH1 induction was specific to the phloem but was not correlated with an increase in xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) activity in the phloem. XTH1 is homologous to the Arabidopsis thaliana XTH33 gene. XTH33 expression was investigated following M. persicae infestation. The pattern of XTH33 expression is tightly controlled during development and indicates a possible role in cell expansion. An xth33 mutant was assayed for preference assay with M. persicae. Aphids settled preferentially on the mutant rather than on the wild type. This suggests that XTH33 is involved in protecting plants against aphids; therefore, that cell wall modification can alter the preference of aphids for a particular plant. Nevertheless, the ectopic expression of XTH33 in phloem tissue was not sufficient to confer protection, demonstrating that modifying the expression of this single gene does not readily alter plant-aphid interactions.

Published
2007
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10. Systemic response to aphid infestation by Myzus persicae in the phloem of Apium graveolens.

Author

Divol F, Vilaine F, Thibivilliers S, Amselem J, Palauqui JC, Kusiak C, and Dinant S

Subjects
Animals, Apium parasitology, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Complementary chemistry, DNA, Complementary genetics, Expressed Sequence Tags, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant genetics, Molecular Sequence Data, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Plant Diseases genetics, Plant Diseases parasitology, Plant Structures parasitology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Transcription, Genetic genetics, Aphids growth & development, Apium genetics, Gene Expression Profiling, Plant Structures genetics
Abstract

Little is known about the molecular processes involved in the phloem response to aphid feeding. We investigated molecular responses to aphid feeding on celery (Apium graveolenscv. Dulce) plants infested with the aphid Myzus persicae, as a means of identifying changes in phloem function. We used celery as our model species as it is easy to separate the phloem from the surrounding tissues in the petioles of mature leaves of this species. We generated a total of 1187 expressed sequence tags (ESTs), corresponding to 891 non-redundant genes. We analysed these ESTs in silico after cDNA macroarray hybridisation. Aphid feeding led to significant increase in RNA accumulation for 126 different genes. Different patterns of deregulation were observed, including transitory or stable induction 3 or 7 days after infestation. The genes affected belonged to various functional categories and were induced systemically in the phloem after infestation. In particular, genes involved in cell wall modification, water transport, vitamin biosynthesis, photosynthesis, carbon assimilation and nitrogen and carbon mobilisation were up-regulated in the phloem. Further analysis of the response in the phloem or xylem suggested that a component of the response was developed more specifically in the phloem. However, this component was different from the stress responses in the phloem driven by pathogen infection. Our results indicate that the phloem is actively involved in multiple adjustments, recruiting metabolic pathways and in structural changes far from aphid feeding sites. However, they also suggest that the phloem displays specific mechanisms that may not be induced in other tissues.

Published
2005
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11. Diversity of the superfamily of phloem lectins (phloem protein 2) in angiosperms.

Author

Dinant S, Clark AM, Zhu Y, Vilaine F, Palauqui JC, Kusiak C, and Thompson GA

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Apium genetics, Apium metabolism, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis metabolism, Conserved Sequence genetics, Cucumis genetics, Cucumis metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Magnoliopsida metabolism, Molecular Sequence Data, Multigene Family genetics, Phylogeny, Plant Lectins metabolism, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Magnoliopsida genetics, Plant Lectins genetics
Abstract

Phloem protein 2 (PP2) is one of the most abundant and enigmatic proteins in the phloem sap. Although thought to be associated with structural P-protein, PP2 is translocated in the assimilate stream where its lectin activity or RNA-binding properties can exert effects over long distances. Analyzing the diversity of these proteins in vascular plants led to the identification of PP2-like genes in species from 17 angiosperm and gymnosperm genera. This wide distribution of PP2 genes in the plant kingdom indicates that they are ancient and common in vascular plants. Their presence in cereals and gymnosperms, both of which lack structural P-protein, also supports a wider role for these proteins. Within this superfamily, PP2 proteins have considerable size polymorphism. This is attributable to variability in the length of the amino terminus that extends from a highly conserved domain. The conserved PP2 domain was identified in the proteins encoded by six genes from several cucurbits, celery (Apium graveolens), and Arabidopsis that are specifically expressed in the sieve element-companion cell complex. The acquisition of additional modular domains in the amino-terminal extensions of other PP2-like proteins could reflect divergence from its phloem function.

Published
2003
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