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The Al-Ti-C alloy was extruded in multiple passes in a continuous manner by continuous equal channel angular pressing process. Through observation of the microstructure evolution, the mechanism of grain refinement and changes in mechanical properties were discussed.The results show that continuous equal channel angular pressing process can effectively refine the microstructure of Al-Ti-C alloy, and the grain size is reduced to about 1 μm.The deformation induction is the most important grain refinement mechanism in the deformation process.The accumulation of high density dislocations causes cracks at the interface between the Al matrix and TiAl3 and voids inside the TiAl3. The cracks further propagate through the entire TiAl3 particles, ultimately leading to the refinement of the second phase TiAl3 structure.At the same time, the pinning mechanism and shearing mechanism of the fine second phase TiAl3 structure promote the refinement of the Al matrix.After one pass of continuous equal channel angular pressing, the hardness of the alloy increases most obviously, which is 59.2% higher than that of the original state.With the increase of the number of extrusion passes, the increasing trend of hardness slows down, the plasticity of the alloy decreases, and toughness increases.

Objective To analyze the differences of the morbidity, clinicopathologic features and prognosis of Uygur lung cancer patients in Xinjiang. Methods We collected the clinical data of 558 Uygur lung cancer patients treated in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 1st, 2005 to December 31st, 2014. Comparative analysis and follow-up visit were conducted on TNM stage, pathological type, driver gene, etc.. Results The male/female ratio was 1.37:1. Lung adenocarcinoma was dominating among the female and urban patients, while squamous carcinoma and small cell lung cancer mostly occurred in the male and rural patients and those with smoking history. Small cell lung cancer patients had the lowest 3-year survival rate, and lung adenocarcinoma patients had the highest 3-year survival rate; 21.8%(65/298) of these patients had EGFR gene mutation and mainly were nonsmoking, adenocarcinoma and female patients; 6.9% (11/159) had EML4-AL gene fusion, and mostly expressed in the adenocarcinoma patients, nonsmoking patients or the patients with smoking history but without EGFR gene mutation. The difference in overall survival (OS) between the patients with EGFR gene mutation in stage Ⅳ and the EGFR wild-type patients was not significant statistically (P=0.597). The difference in overall survival (OS) between the patients with EML4-ALK gene fusion in stage Ⅳ and the patients without EML4-ALK gene fusion was not significant statistically (P=0.941). Conclusion Uygur lung cancer patients have relevant characteristics in clinical features, pathological type, epidemiological distribution and driver gene. Pathological type and TNM stage are independent factors influencing the prognosis of Uygur NSCLC patients.

Abstract A large-scale wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be deployed for top-k querying applications. There are many top-k querying algorithms which are based on traditional routing approaches. In this article, we proposed a clustering-based routing for top-k querying (CRTQ) in WSNs to save the energy consumption and extend the network lifetime. The proposed scheme consists of two parts: one is the cluster formation algorithm; another part is the inter-cluster choosing the relay cluster head algorithm. Moreover, we adopt a corresponding dynamic clustering algorithm. Our experimental result shows that CRTQ substantially outperforms the existing tree-based approaches and clustering-based approaches in terms of both energy consumption and network lifetime.

The preparation of high-performance rare earth magnesium (Mg–RE) alloy still heavily relies on expensive master alloy as a critical raw material. In order to address this issue, a series of Mg–3Y–xLa2O3 (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 wt%) alloys were fabricated utilizing cost-effective rare earth oxides (REmOn). The effect of La2O3 on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys was thoroughly investigated. Upon the addition of La2O3 to the Mg–3Y alloy, in-situ reduction with Y results in the formation of numerous micron-sized Mg17La2 phases, which consequently alters the morphology and quantity of Mg24Y5 phase, as well as the grain size and (0001) basal texture intensity in Mg–3Y alloy. The Mg–3Y–1.5La2O3 alloy exhibits the highest mechanical strength [yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increase by approximately 48.4 MPa and 36.1 MPa, respectively, compared to the Mg–3Y alloy] among all the samples tested. The primary strengthening mechanisms identified are grain boundary, texture, and second-phase strengthening. Moreover, the addition of La2O3 is observed to significantly increase the elongation (EL) of the alloy (Mg–3Y–0.5La2O3). However, the EL gradually decreases as La2O3 continues to increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: In digital-technology-assisted nasal defect reconstruction methods, a crucial step involves utilizing computer-aided design to virtually reconstruct the nasal defect's complete morphology. However, current digital methods for virtual nasal defect reconstruction have yet to achieve efficient, precise, and personalized outcomes. In this research paper, we propose a novel approach for reconstructing external nasal defects based on the Facial Mesh Generation Network (FMGen-Net), aiming to enhance the levels of automation and personalization in virtual reconstruction. (2) Methods: We collected data from 400 3D scans of faces with normal morphology and combined the structured 3D face template and the Meshmonk non-rigid registration algorithm to construct a structured 3D facial dataset for training FMGen-Net. Guided by defective facial data, the trained FMGen-Net automatically generated an intact 3D face that was similar to the defective face, and maintained a consistent spatial position. This intact 3D face served as the 3D target reference face (3D-TRF) for nasal defect reconstruction. The reconstructed nasal data were extracted from the 3D-TRF based on the defective area using reverse engineering software. The '3D surface deviation' between the reconstructed nose and the original nose was calculated to evaluate the effect of 3D morphological restoration of the nasal defects. (3) Results: In the simulation experiment of 20 cases involving full nasal defect reconstruction, the '3D surface deviation' between the reconstructed nasal data and the original nasal data was 1.45 ± 0.24 mm. The reconstructed nasal data, constructed from the personalized 3D-TRF, accurately reconstructed the anatomical morphology of nasal defects. (4) Conclusions: This paper proposes a novel method for the virtual reconstruction of external nasal defects based on the FMGen-Net model, achieving the automated and personalized construction of the 3D-TRF and preliminarily demonstrating promising clinical application potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the commonly used bleaching agent for teeth. But it is highly corrosive to teeth for the high concentration. The cold atmospheric pressure plasma has been witnessed a novel tooth bleaching technology and could help strengthen the bleaching effect when combined with H2O2. However, the efficacy and safety might highly correlated with processing time. The present study aims to evaluate the time-dependent efficacy and safety of tooth bleaching with cold plasma and H2O2 gel in vitro. Methods: The H2O2 concentrations of the gel used in the study are 6%, 15%, 25% and 35%, respectively and the treatment time varies from 5 to 20 min. The tooth bleaching effect was evaluated by a Crystaleye Spectrophotometer and the overall change of the colorimetric value based on three independent measurements. Meanwhile, the microhardness, roughness and tooth temperature were evaluated. The surface morphology and the elemental composition were determined by scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results: 5 min bleaching treatment contributed to 60% of the bleaching effect maximum, the 10 min effect was close to 15 min effect. Meanwhile, the microhardness reduced and roughness increased under a treatment which was longer than 20 min. Tooth pulp chamber temperature was keeping in a safe range within 20 min treatment. Conclusion: 5–10 min was the best treatment time from which we can get an ideal tooth bleaching effect and less influence on tooth enamel and pulp tissue when using cold plasma and H2O2 gel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hot deformation behavior of Mg-8.7Gd-4.18Y-0.42Zr alloy was investigated by uniaxial hot compression tests at 300–475 °C with strain rates of 0.002–10 s−1. The average activation energy was calculated as 227.67 KJ/mol and a constitutive relation based on the Arrhenius equation was established in this study. The results show that Mg-8.7Gd-4.18Y-0.42Zr magnesium alloy is a strain rate and temperature-sensitive material. When the temperature is constant, the flow stress increases with the increase of strain rate, while when the strain rate is stable, the flow stress decreases with the increase of temperature. DRX is the main softening mechanism of the alloy, including continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX). Meanwhile, the DRX grains nucleate preferentially at the twin intersections in the parent grains under the deformation condition below 300 °C and gradually expand outward with the increase of strain. When the compression temperature is above 400 °C, DRX grains nucleate preferentially at the original grain boundary and then gradually expand inward with the increase of strain. The optimum deformation conditions of the studied alloy are performed at 400–450 °C and 0.002–0.02 s−1 by a comprehensive comparison of the hot processing map, microstructure refinement, and formability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Range query processing is a common edge computing and service in the Internet of things, which can extract user-interest information from distributed edge devices. How to design lightweight privacy-preserving range query processing methods remains a challenging task. Existing secure range query approaches suffer from both high communication cost and long response time, which makes them unsuitable for edge computing over resource-constrained edge devices. In this article, we propose two privacy-aware fuzzy query processing schemes based on fuzzy theory. Linguistic range variables, fuzzy overlap information, and its recovery mechanism are introduced. In addition, two distributed privacy-aware fuzzy range query processing algorithms are devised. Our approaches not only serve for privacy protection, but also aim to provide other optimal performances in terms of reliability, energy efficiency, and real-time response. Theoretical analysis and experimental evaluations based on real-world datasets validated our motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drivers have always been confronted with real-time parking difficulties when driving on urban roads, especially in crowded downtown or beauty spots. On the other hand, privacy leakage risks on users’ private parking preferences and the sensitive data of parking lots have triggered increasing worries. Some literatures endeavor to improve parking service qualities through multi-consideration parking decision optimization on edge sides or cloud computing based on outsourced data storage. And some other literatures propose a number of privacy-preserving methods, such as cryptography and authentication, but these privacy strategies are at the expense of other qualities of parking services, especially the real-time performance. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy skyline parking recommendation scheme for real-time parking recommendation based on roadside traffic facilities. Linguistic parking information instead of raw parking-related data is used in fuzzy skyline fusion. We evaluated our solution with real-world data sets collected from parking facilities in Wulin downtown, Hangzhou city, China. The evaluation results show that our approaches achieve an average accuracy of parking recommendation over 91%, low communication cost, and quick response time with privacy protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of social networks and the massive popularity of intelligent mobile terminals, network anomaly detection is becoming increasingly important. In daily work and life, edge nodes store a large number of network local connection data and audit data, which can be used to analyze network abnormal behavior. With the increasingly close network communication, the amount of network connection and other related data collected by each network terminal is increasing. Machine learning has become a classification method to analyze the features of big data in the network. Face to the problems of excessive data and long response time for network anomaly detection, we propose a trust-based Federated learning anomaly detection algorithm. We use the edge nodes to train the local data model, and upload the machine learning parameters to the central node. Meanwhile, according to the performance of edge nodes training, we set different weights to match the processing capacity of each terminal which will obtain faster convergence speed and better attack classification accuracy. The user's private information will only be processed locally and will not be uploaded to the central server, which can reduce the risk of information disclosure. Finally, we compare the basic federated learning model and TFCNN algorithm on KDD Cup 99 dataset and MNIST dataset. The experimental results show that the TFCNN algorithm can improve accuracy and communication efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]