1. Fast self-preheating system and energy conversion model for lithium-ion batteries under low-temperature conditions.
- Author
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Luo, Mingyun, Lin, Xuemin, Feng, Jinxin, Ling, Ziye, Zhang, Zhengguo, and Fang, Xiaoming
- Subjects
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ENERGY conversion , *LITHIUM-ion batteries , *HEAT pumps , *PHASE change materials , *ELECTRIC vehicle batteries , *ELECTRIC batteries , *LOW temperatures , *ELECTRIC automobiles - Abstract
Low temperature is one of the major drawbacks of electric cars in high latitudes. This problem can be addressed using a battery self-preheating system. The existing self-heating systems have problems, such as slow heating rate, complex control system, single thermal management function and poor safety. Herein, we propose a conductive phase change material (cPCM)-based self-preheating system that generates heat simultaneously using the internal resistance of cells and external resistance of the cPCM. This self-preheating system shows a high heating rate of 17.14 °C/min and excellent temperature uniformity (temperature difference of 3.58 °C). The system can preheat the battery safely in the capacity range of 20%–100%. When the battery pack is set in −20 °C, the effective electric energy can be increased by 550% after preheating. An energy conversion model is also built to measure the relationship between the energy improvement of battery and the energy consumption by preheating. This energy conversion model can help the system to make the optimal preheating strategy and obtain the maximum discharge energy. Nevertheless, based on the outcome of this study, this self-preheating strategy can effectively solve the problem of battery in low temperatures and maximize the effective electric energy of the battery. • A battery self-heating system with cPCM as external heating resistance was proposed. • Preheating rate of this system reached 17.14 °C/min under a small current of 9.6 A. • Maximum temperature difference of a 10-cells battery pack was only 3.58 °C. • An energy conversion model of the self-preheating system was developed. • Energy conversion relationship of the battery at low temperatures was explained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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