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BackgroundUnder the conditions of regular containment of COVID-19 epidemic, the levels of core competencies in emergency management of community public health emergency responders are directly associated with the effectiveness of management of public health emergencies. However, there are few studies on core competencies in emergency management of public health emergencies and areas in demand for improvement in community public health emergency responders.ObjectiveTo examine the core competencies in emergency management of COVID-19 pandemic, and associated factors as well as areas in demand for improvement within community public health emergency responders from Zhejiang Province.MethodsUsing the Core Response Competence Index System for Infectious Disease Emergencies among Medical Staff as a reference, we developed a questionnaire consisting of three parts: demographic and COVID-19 containment status, Core Competencies for Emergency Management of Public Health Emergencies (CCEMPHE) , and areas in demand for improvement, and used it to conduct an online survey with 749 community public health emergency responders selected from six counties (districts) of Zhejiang using stratified cluster sampling in September 2020.ResultsThe survey achieved a response rate of 93.3% (699/749) . The average score of CCEMPHE for the respondents was (118.38±27.60) , with a scoring rate of 62.3%. The scoring rates of three dimensions of the CCEMPHE from high to low were prevention ability (66.4%) , preparedness ability (63.7%) and rescue ability (62.0%) . Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education background (b=4.55) , physical quality for emergency work (b=9.26) , experiences of participating in developing emergency plan/technical proposal (b=6.43) , attending emergency training (b=6.35) , field epidemiology training (b=4.62) , on-site emergency disposal experience (b=5.32) , the number of theoretical trainings related to COVID-19 (b=4.29) , and the number of COVID-19 containment projects involved in (b=1.16) , were associated with the core competencies in emergency management of COVID-19 pandemic in community public health emergency responders (P

Accurate and fast recognition of vehicle license plates from natural scene images is a crucial and challenging task. Existing methods can recognize license plates in simple scenarios, but their performance degrades significantly in complex environments. A novel license plate detection and recognition model YOLOv5-PDLPR is proposed, which employs YOLOv5 target detection algorithm in the license plate detection part and uses the PDLPR algorithm proposed in this paper in the license plate recognition part. The PDLPR algorithm is mainly designed as follows: (1) A Multi-Head Attention mechanism is used to accurately recognize individual characters. (2) A global feature extractor network is designed to improve the completeness of the network for feature extraction. (3) The latest parallel decoder architecture is adopted to improve the inference efficiency. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better accuracy and speed than the comparison algorithms, can achieve real-time recognition, and has high efficiency and robustness in complex scenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To date, although radiation cooling technology has made some progress in numerous aspects, significant challenges remain in terms of efficient cooling and practical applications. Herein, we report the preparation of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite film with a multiscale micro-nano structure, in which zirconia (ZrO2) particles were bonded on the surface of the PVDF fibers via polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This PVDF composite film showed a relatively high solar reflectivity (>0.95) and excellent emissivity (>0.96) in the infrared atmospheric window, which resulted in a 21.8 °C and 10.4 °C temperature reduction compared to the simulated skin and ambient temperature under direct sunlight of about 1000 W m−2, respectively. Meanwhile, the combination of the multistage structure and hydrophobicity property of PDMS resulted in superhydrophobicity with a hydrophobic angle of 155° and sliding angle of about 5°, thereby conferring the film with exceptional self-cleaning ability. Notably, PDMS simultaneously facilitated the formation of a bonding structure between the fibers, leading to enhanced mechanical properties. Compared to those of the PVDF electrospun film (F-S), the tensile strength and tensile strain of the designed composite film increased by 9.5 times and 4.4 times, respectively. Thus, the excellent performances of the PVDF composite film provide a great development prospect for the practical application of electrospun films in smart textiles and energy-saving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low‐temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) materials are a promising material for heat dissipation substrates due to their excellent thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of silicon. However, the difficulties in surface metallization techniques limit its application. This work uses Bi–B–Si–Zn–Al glass/ceramic composite as the substrate and Bi–B–Si–Zn–Al glass powder as the inorganic binder for silver pastes. The silver thick film with a glass content of 3 wt% is sintered at 800 °C for 30 min, and the samples have excellent electrical conductivity (surface square resistance of 0.29 mΩ £−1) and mechanical properties (interface bonding force of 17.56 MPa). In addition, the introduction of CuO into the glass phase can inhibit the silver diffusion phenomenon during the sintering process and improve the conductive performance of the material. The results are beneficial for the preparation and application stability of LTCC devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are gaining tremendous attention as an environmentally friendly technology that converts low-frequency mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, the output of TENGs is limited by the tribolayer material used. In this study, a unique lamellar crystal triboelectric nanogenerator (LC-TENG) that uses polyamide-66 (PA66) lamellar crystal spin-coated films as positive triboelectric layers and FEP films as negative triboelectric layers is presented. The large vertical interlocking nanosheet structure on the PA66 spin-coating film, incubated in solution, improves surface roughness and promotes charge storage capacity. Under a constant force of 10 N and a frequency of 2 Hz, the LC-TENG with dimensions of 3 cm × 3 cm can achieve a peak voltage and current of 153 V and 7.35 μA, respectively. With an external load resistance of ∼11 MΩ, the TENG's maximum power density is 0.67 W m−2. The LC-TENG can easily harvest energy from human motions and light up a 36-LED array driven by a linear motor. Compared to TENGs using the initial smooth spin-coated film as the triboelectric electrode, the voltage and current from the lamellar structure film are 2.38 times and 2.17 times higher, respectively. This is the first time that a lamellar crystal structure has been introduced into friction material optimization, providing an efficient and feasible way to explore active sensor or electrode materials for self-powered electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large‐area gold‐coated polyamide 66 (PA66) nanopillar (PA66NP@Au) arrays consisting of secondary lamellar structures and sub‐10–nm gaps are fabricated for surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using ultrathin anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template, solution‐phase growth of PA66 lamellae, and Au sputtering. Such closely packed PA66NP@Au arrays with high density of electromagnetic field enhancement ("hot spots") on large area exhibit high SERS sensitivity for detection of rhodamine 6g (R6G) molecules with concentration down to 10−14m and a large Raman analytical enhancement factor (AEF) of ≈1010. Furthermore, the as‐fabricated PA66NP@Au arrays provide highly sensitive Raman signals in detection of a commonly pesticide residue, carbendazim with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 mg L−1 (0.05 ppm), which is lower than that of maximum residue limit of 0.2 ppm allowed in Europe Union. The as‐fabricated PA66NP@Au arrays are promising for highly sensitive and uniform SERS detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the main factor restricting the production of poly(1-butene), the slow phase transition of poly(1-butene) from form II to form I has not been avoided effectively because of the lack of effective methods. Blending with other polyolefins to directly transit into the stable form I′ crystals could be a possible solution; however, such a method hardly inhibits the formation of form II completely. What is worse, the obtained form I′ crystal even has a lower thermostability than that of form II, which makes it hard to be an ideal solution. In this study, employing FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and POM, we found that adding a moderate amount of WBG-II, a nucleating agent of iPP, into isotactic polypropylene/poly(1-butene) (iPP/PB-1) blends could greatly promote the formation of form I′. More importantly, the melted form I′ can rapidly recrystallize into form II on heating, improving thermostability. The lower the quenching temperature, the more significant the role of WBG-II. We conjectured that the effect of WBG-II could be related to iPP chains in the PB-rich domains because the promotion effect of WBG-II becomes significant only when the PB-1 content is greater than 20% but smaller than 80%, where PB-rich domains may exist. The addition of WBG-II enhanced the nucleating ability of iPP chains in the PB-rich domains and therefore increased its ability to promote form I′ nucleation. After increasing the temperature above the melting point of form I′, the iPP nuclei formed under the assistance of WBG-II, in turn, act as nucleation sites of form II, promoting form I′ transiting into form II after melting. This study provides a new idea to avoid the influence of slow form II to form I phase transition on the production of PB-1 and improve the thermostability of PB-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: COVID‐19 has challenged critical care nursing through increased critical care service utilization. This may have a profound impact on intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' ability to maintain patient safety. However, the experiences of ICU nurses in managing patient safety during an infectious disease outbreak remains unexplored. Aims and objectives: To explore ICU nurses' narratives in managing patient safety in the outbreak ICUs during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Design: A narrative inquiry design. Methods: A purposive sample of 18 registered nurses who practiced in the outbreak ICUs during the COVID‐19 pandemic were recruited between June and August 2020. Individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and narratively analysed. Results: Findings reviewed an overarching anatomy‐specific storyline of a 'hand‐brain‐heart' connection that describes nurses' experience with managing patient safety during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Firstly, stories on 'the hands of clinical practice' revealed how critical care nursing is practiced and adapted by ICU nurses during the pandemic. In particular, ICU nurses banded together to safeguard patient safety by practicing critical care nursing with mastery. Secondly, stories on 'the brain of psychosocial wellness' highlights the tumultuous impact of COVID‐19 on the nurses' psychosocial well‐being and how nurses demonstrated resilience to continually uphold patient safety during the pandemic. Lastly, stories on 'the heart of nursing' drew upon the nurses' intrinsic professional nursing identity and values to safeguard patient safety. Specific patient tales further boosted the nurses' commitment to render safe nursing care during the pandemic. Conclusions: Through their stories, ICU nurses reported how they continually seek to uphold patient safety through clinical competence, resilience, and heightened nursing identity. Relevance to clinical practice: ICU nurses require sustainable clinical resources and references such as clinical instructors, as well as visible psychosocial support channels, for ICU nurses to continue to uphold patient safety during COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although investigated extensively in past decades, the factors affecting β-crystallization in β-nucleating agent/iPP composites have not been identified completely. In this study, β-crystallization in mesomorphic melt and free melt with 0.05 wt% WBG-II was investigated at various melting and crystallization temperatures, employing polarized optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and synchrotron small-angle and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. It was found that β-nucleation efficiency and thermodynamic stability of β-crystals depended strongly on the melting temperature. Higher β-nucleation efficiency and thermodynamic stability can be obtained only when the melting temperature was below 195 °C, where the β-nucleating agent (β-NA) was well dispersed in the melt. Further, ordered structures in the mesomorphic structured melt can further promote the formation of more perfect β-crystals. It is thought that β-NA distribution and ordered structures in the polymer melt are the two key factors affecting the formation of β-crystals. The former affects the number of β-nucleating sites accessible for iPP chains, while the latter affects the growth of β-crystals. Only when β-NA is well dispersed and the iPP melt exists massive chiral intrachain clusters similar to β-crystals, can perfect β-crystals be induced fully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Increased patient activation levels can improve health outcomes. Hence, this study aims to examine the relationships between sociodemographic variables and domain‐specific health literacies with patient activation. Design: A cross‐sectional design. Methods: 200 outpatient adults with chronic diseases completed a survey that assessed their domain‐specific health literacy and patient activation levels. Univariate and multivariate analysis of the variables were conducted on patient activation with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Multiple linear regression analyses observed a positive linear relationship between the following domain‐specific health literacy variables—"actively manage my health" (p <.0001, 95% CI: 0.89–2.29), "understanding health information" (p =.008, 95% CI: 0.28–1.85), and "finding good health information" (p =.02, 95% CI 0.13–1.51) with patient activation. The other sociodemographic and clinical variables were not statistically significant. Increased focus from healthcare professionals is needed on helping patients better find and understand health information and encouraging them to actively manage their health; elements which would raise their activation levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite extensive research, the stabilization mechanism of mesomorphic isotactic polypropylene (iPP) at room temperature has not been elucidated completely. To address this issue, nanoscale structural information is indispensable. In this study, mesomorphic‐α phase transition is studied with synchrotron wide‐angle diffraction and small‐angle X‐ray scattering. It is found that during phase transition, the mobile amorphous content remained unchanged, while rigid amorphous fraction (RAF) decreased constantly, accompanied by an increase in long period. Assuming that the increase in long period is induced by the extension of the rigid amorphous coil (RAC), the thickness of RAF (RRAF) is estimated, which is found to be 2.2 nm. This value is greater than the length of b axis in α crystal cell, which can be the reason that folded‐chain iPP clusters in mesomorphic iPP cannot approach closer to form α crystal at room temperature. Besides, with RRAF, the thickness of smectic layer is estimated, which is found to be 0.9 nm. At this thickness, bulk‐free energy cannot compensate for the folded‐surface free energy, which can be the other reason that mesomorphic iPP chains cannot transit into α crystal at room temperature. The information obtained in this study is favorable for understanding the stabilization mechanism of mesomorphic iPP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives Background Design Methods Results Conclusion Relevance to clinical practice This study aimed to explore the perceived preparedness and psychosocial well‐being of general ward nurses prior to their deployment into the outbreak intensive care units (ICUs) during the COVID‐19 pandemic.With the surge in COVID‐19 cases requiring ICU care, non‐ICU nurses maybe deployed into the ICUs. Having experienced through SARS, hospitals in Singapore instituted upskilling programs to secure general ward nurses’ competency in providing critical care nursing. However, no studies have explored the perceptions of general ward nurses on deployment into the ICUs during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Qualitative descriptive study.The study was conducted at Singapore’s epicentre of COVID‐19 management. Five focus groups were conducted following purposive sampling of 30 general ward nurses identified for outbreak ICU deployment. Focus groups were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and data thematically analysed. This study was conducted and reported in accordance with the COREQ checklist.Three salient themes arose, exemplifying the transition from clinical experts in the general wards to practising novices in the outbreak ICUs. Firstly, ‘Into the deep end of the pool’ described general ward nurses’ feelings of anxiety and stress associated with higher exposure risk and expanded responsibilities to nurse critically ill patients. Secondly, ‘Preparing for “war”’ illustrated deployed nurses’ need for clear communication and essential critical care nursing training. Lastly, ‘Call of duty’ affirmed the nurses’ personal and professional commitment to embrace this transition into the ICUs, and their desire for greater psychosocial support.The study findings highlight that though general ward nurses perceived their impending ICU deployment positively, they require ongoing support to facilitate a smoother transition.Findings provided an evidence base to improve the preparedness of general ward nurses deployed into the ICUs during the COVID‐19 pandemic within key areas of training, information dissemination and psychosocial resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional Au network films with flexibility and transferability were fabricated based on sputtering deposition onto electrospun nanofibers as a template. The films are constructed using long Au nanotubes that are cross-linked with each other and that have dense nanoparticles on the tube wall surface. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks for the films are tunable in a wide range, from visible light to the near-infrared region, by tuning the inner diameter and/or wall thickness of the nanotubes. Such structured film exhibits significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity with good signal uniformity and stability, and possesses great potential in the in situ detection of trace organic pollutants on a solid surface by simple transferring. This study provides a Au film with a unique structure and widely tunable SPR for in situ SERS sensing and other needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Correction for 'Superhydrophobic and mechanical properties enhanced the electrospinning film with a multiscale micro-nano structure for high-efficiency radiation cooling' by Lijing Kong et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TA07191J. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic diseases continue to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality despite modifiable risk factors. This suggests that current primary healthcare provision needs to delve beyond patient education, to understand the motivators that drive patients to undertake chronic disease self-management. Understanding these motivations within the context of a multi-cultural community can facilitate tailored support for chronic disease self-management.Objectives: To explore the motivations behind effective chronic disease self-management in community dwelling adults in Singapore.Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was carried out in five clinics in a large medical centre. Twelve participants who were assessed to be optimally managing their chronic diseases were recruited using purposive sampling. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted until data saturation, with data thematically analysed.Results: Three salient themes emerged from the data. Firstly, 'Regaining self-control, avoiding complications' describes the participants' journey towards personal mastery in self-management, as well as a fear of debilitating complications resulting in their desire for good health. Secondly, 'Preserving social identities and roles' illustrates how participants yearn to maintain their pre-existing roles and functions through maintenance of their health. Finally, 'Accessing proximal support systems' highlights resources and supports surrounding the participants that encourage continued chronic disease self-management. Within each theme, specific motivators and challenges encountered by participants in their self-management journey were discussed.Conclusions: Findings can prompt primary healthcare providers to leverage on the patients' life goals and social roles in chronic disease self-management support. This may empower patients to engage in self-management and strengthen primary care provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of interprofessional collaboration among nurses, doctors, and respiratory therapists during medical emergencies in the intensive care unit. Design: Descriptive phenomenological study. Method: Participants will be recruited through purposive sampling with maximum variation across the ICUs in a tertiary hospital in Singapore. Guided by data saturation, data collection will include individual semi‐structured interviews with ICU nurses, physicians, and respiratory therapist who have attended to medical emergencies such as cardiopulmonary arrest or difficult airway management in the ICUs. Interviews will be audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed via Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenology method. Research Ethics Committee approval was sought from the National Healthcare Group, Domain Specific Review Board (April 2019). The study is funded by the National Healthcare Group ‐ Health Outcomes and Medical Education Research Grant (April 2019). The study is expected to be concluded by April 2020. Discussion: Whilst interprofessional collaboration remains a major interest among nursing research, there is a paucity of evidence surrounding interprofessional collaboration in the specific context of medical emergencies in the ICUs. This is especially crucial as the failure of interprofessional collaboration during medical emergencies can be catastrophic to patient safety. Hence, this study will adopt a qualitative approach to contribute to the evidence base surrounding this lesser known phenomenon. The findings generated from this study will inform future team training initiatives, advance nursing leadership initiatives, and identify barriers and facilitators towards fostering greater interprofessional collaboration during medical emergencies. Impact: The evidence gained from this study contributes to the limited knowledge base of interprofessional collaboration during medical emergencies. Findings will have vast impact on nursing and interprofessional programs such as crisis leadership and management. The findings could also inform practice frameworks during medical emergencies to support interprofessional collaboration and optimize patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self-extubation is an adverse patient event that can lead to severe complications. Gaps in clinical practice from the lack of nursing awareness and decision making capacity have often resulted in cases of preventable self-extubation. Review of current evidence suggests that initiatives to support nursing clinical decision making can help prevent adverse patient events such as self-extubation. Aims: The aim of this study was to reduce the incidence of self-extubation by 50% in a cardiology intensive care unit over 1 year. Methods: A quality improvement project was undertaken with a PEST model of nursing care introduced from January 2017 to December 2017 in the cardiology intensive care unit to guide nursing staff to assess and render appropriate interventions along patient domains such as pain, endotracheal tube securement, sedation, and tie to prevent incidences of self-extubation. Results: Incidences of self-extubation have reduced to 5 cases in 2017, reflecting a 50% improvement from 10 cases in 2016. Conclusions: Formalizing practice standards into an easy-to-remember mnemonics or framework can improve patient outcomes. Policy makers must be aware that initiatives to facilitate decision making can improve patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) ultrafine fibers have been prepared by electrospinning method, with an average diameter of micron grade and fibrous structural morphology. The effects of experimental parameters, including the solution concentration, applied voltage, collection distance, and flow rate, were investigated carefully. It shows that the morphology and fiber diameter of electrospun EPDM fibers are greatly influenced by the process parameters. Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry apparatuses were used to analyze the structural and thermal properties of the electrospun fiber mat, with EPDM cast film as a comparison. The results reveal that the electrospun fiber mat has a lower degree of crystallinity than its cast film. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-containing ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) composite fibers have been prepared by electrospinning method, with an average diameter of micron grade and fibrous structural morphology. The results of transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and UV-Vis spectra reveal that POSS moieties have been dispersed in polymer matrix homogeneously. A combination of thermogravimetric analysis and thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) united analysis was used to investigate the thermal behavior of the resulting fibers at elevated temperatures. The results show that composites exhibited great increase of thermal decomposition temperature and large reduction of total heat release compared with pure EPDM. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A green and controllable strategy is presented to fabricate homogeneous and Au nanochain-built three-dimensional netlike porous films based on electrophoretic deposition in the colloidal solution prepared by laser ablation in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The aim of present investigation was to study the genetic instability in peripheral lymphocytes of lung cancer patients. The micronucleus (MN) assay and comet assay were simultaneously used to detect the spontaneous genetic change and ionizing irradiation (IR) induced genetic damage in peripheral lymphocytes from 36 lung cancer patients and 30 controls. In MN assay, the results of both two indicators, micronucleated cell frequency (MCF) and micronucleus frequency (MNF), indicated that the average values of MCF, MNF and IR-induced MCF, MNF of lung cancer patients were 9.25±0.58, 10.17±0.72, 66.14±2.07 and 75.64±2.34‰, respectively, which were significantly higher than those (6.10±0.65, 6.60±0.74, 60.50±1.71 and 67.60±2.13‰) of controls (P <0.05 or 0.01). In comet assay, the results of mean tail moment (MTM) and IR-MTM showed 0.84±0.07 and 1.09±0.11, respectively, which were significantly higher than those (0.60±0.05 and 0.70±0.10) of controls (P <0.05). However, the difference between lung cancer group and control group for the mean tail length (MTL) and IR-MTL was not significant (P >0.05). The results of present investigation indicated that the genetic instability in peripheral lymphocytes of 36 lung cancer patients was significantly higher than that of controls. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objectives: To analyze the associations between factors in life course and physiological disorders in the middle-aged and elderly population of Zhoushan city of Zhejiang province, and the mediating roles of lifestyle and mental health., Methods: A total of 1553 island residents aged ≥45 years were enrolled from the Zhejiang Metabolic Syndrome Cohort Zhoushan Liuheng Sub-cohort. The demographic information, life-course information, lifestyle, and mental health information of participants were documented, and blood samples of were collected. The status of aging was evaluated by physiological disorders calculation model developed by authors previously. The Shapley value decomposition method was used to assess the cumulative and relative contribution of multiple factors in life course to the aging. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to classify subgroups. General linear regression model was used to assess the associations between the life-course subgroups and physiological disorders. Five key factors associated with aging were finally identified. Logistic regression model, general linear regression model, and mediation analysis model were used to assess the complex associations between life-course subgroups, key factors, unhealthy lifestyle, mental health, and aging., Results: Shapley value decomposition method indicated that eight types of life-course factors explained 6.63% ( SE =0.0008) of the individual physiological disorders variance, with the greatest relative contribution (2.78%) from adversity experiences in adulthood. The study participants were clustered into 4 subgroups, and subgroups experiencing more adversity in adulthood and having low educational attainment or experiencing more trauma and having poorer relationships in childhood had significantly higher levels of physiological disorders. Life-course subgroups and key factors (childhood trauma and health, adversity experience in adulthood, and lower education) were positively associated with unhealthy lifestyles ( β =0.12-0.41, P <0.05). In addition, life-course subgroups and key factors (adversity experience in adulthood) were positively associated with psychological problems ( OR =2.14-4.68, P <0.05). Unhealthy lifestyle scores showed a marginal significant association with physiological disorders ( β =0.03, P =0.055). However, no significant association was found between psychological problems and physiological disorders ( β= 0.03, P =0.748). The results of the mediation analysis model suggested that unhealthy lifestyles partially mediated the associations between life-course subgroups, adversity experience in adulthood and physiological disorders., Conclusions: Multiple life-course factors contribute about 6% of the variance in physiological disorders in the middle aged and elderly population of the study area; subgroups with adverse life course experiences have higher levels of aging; and the association may be partially mediated by unhealthy lifestyles.

Aims: The study aims to explore the lived experiences of interprofessional collaboration among ICU nurses, doctors, and respiratory therapists in managing resuscitations in the ICUs., Design: Descriptive phenomenological design, underpinned by Husserl's philosophy., Methods: ICU nurses, doctors and respiratory therapists who have experience in managing resuscitations with the interprofessional team were recruited through purposive sampling from April to December 2019. Sixteen ICU professionals participated in individual, semi-structured, in-depth interviews which were audio recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Findings were analysed using Colaizzi's 7-step analysis., Results: The essence of interprofessional collaboration during resuscitations can be described in four main themes. 'Ruminating about professional boundaries' signifies how ICU professionals acknowledged the roles and boundaries that surrounded their scope of practice during resuscitations. 'Rallying the interprofessional team' illustrates how the interprofessional team rapidly band together amongst the aid and hindrance of contextual enablers and inhibitors. 'Responding to interprofessional conflicts' depicts how intra- and interprofessional tensions can occur during resuscitations that can impact patient safety. 'Reaching collective leadership' proposes enhanced resuscitation care through the collective leadership of the interprofessional team., Conclusion: Resuscitations represent a precarious turn of events for the critically ill patient where the interprofessional team undergoes a cyclic sequence of teamwork and conflict while attempting to drive the resuscitation into a positive outcome. As ICU professionals attempt to optimise interprofessional collaboration during resuscitations, findings call for enhanced team training initiatives encompassing the interprofessional team, with an emphasis on collective leadership., Impact: ICU professionals experience of interprofessional collaboration during resuscitations is poorly understood. By understanding their lived experience, targeted interventions to improve interprofessional collaboration can be conceptualised and implemented. Findings will set pace for future evaluation research on interprofessional collaboration and patient outcomes during resuscitations., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.

A facile and high-throughput strategy is presented to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) hierarchically porous Ag films, with clean surfaces, via plasma etching Ag-coated electrospun nanofiber template. The films are built of Ag porous nanotubes and are homogeneous in macro-size but rough and porous in nanoscale. Each nanotube-block is micro/nanostructured with evenly distributed nanopores on the tube walls. The film architecture (or the shape, arrangement, and distribution density of porous nanotubes; the number and size of nanopores) can be easily controlled by the nanofiber-template configuration, Ag coating, and plasma etching conditions. Such hierarchically porous films could be very useful, such as in catalysis, sensors, and nanodevices. They have exhibited significantly structurally enhanced surface-enhanced Raman scattering performance with good stability and reproduction, and shown the possibility of molecule-level detection. Also, the strategy is universal for fabricating other hierarchically structured 3D metal porous films, such as porous Ag hollow sphere arrays.

A simple and green strategy is presented to decorate ZnO nanorod array, based on electrophoresis deposition in the Au colloidal solution prepared by laser ablation in water and subsequent further laser irradiation. The surface of nanorods is homogeneously decorated with Au nanoparticles. The Au nanoparticles have good interfacial connection and strong binding with ZnO nanorods. The decoration morphology can be easily controlled by the size of Au colloids. Further experiments have revealed that suitable electrophoretic potential, small Au colloid's size, and enough inter-nanorod's spacing are crucial to formation of a homogeneous and strong surface decoration. Such Au nanoparticle-decorated ZnO nanorod array is functionalized and exhibits excellent surface-enhanced Raman scattering performance and shows the possibility of molecule-level detection. This study provides a new opportunity for the controllable surface modification of 1D semiconductor nanostructures and deepens the understanding of the physical mechanism of electrophoretic deposition.