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The coastal zone is sensitive to sea–land interaction, making it an ideal place to study the transgression–regression process in Quaternary coastal areas. Based on the stratigraphic and lithologic characteristics of two Quaternary drill cores (DZ01 and DZ02) in the coastal zone of Quanzhou Bay, Fujian Province, a stratigraphic chronological framework was established by using AMS-14C and OSL dating methods. Combined with the statistical analysis results of geochemical element content of indicating facies in modern sediments in Quanzhou Bay, the geochemical element ratios, foraminifers, and ostracods' environmental indicators were used to identify transgressive strata since the Late Pleistocene. The transgression–regression processes since the MIS 3 in Quanzhou Bay were analyzed by comparing it with the regional borehole data. The results show that the Sr/Ba and Mn/Fe values vary significantly in the marine sediments at different water depths in Quanzhou Bay, making them suitable as indicator elements in the marine and sea–land transitional sediments in the Quanzhou Bay coast, with the limit values of Sr/Ba

As synthetic fibers with superior performances, nylon 6 fibers are widely used in many fields. Due to the potential fire hazard caused by flammability, the study of the flame retardancy of nylon 6 fibers has been attracting more and more attention. The review has summarized the present research status of flame-retarded nylon 6 fibers from three aspects: intrinsic flame-retarded nylon 6, nylon 6 composites, and surface strategies of nylon 6 fibers/fabrics. The current main focus is still how to balance the application performances, flame retardancy, and production cost. Moreover, melt dripping during combustion remains a key challenge for nylon 6 fibers, and the further developing trend is to study novel flame retardants and new flame-retardancy technologies for nylon 6 fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fabrication of all-solid-state planar on-chip microsupercapacitors with ultrahigh power characteristics was demonstrated by reduced graphene oxide and photolithography technology. In this paper, an ultrathin reduced graphene oxide film with a thickness of 8 nm was prepared by a modified spin coating method that makes the microsupercapacitors have higher power characteristics which appear in high conductivity and fast charge and discharge rates. The electrodes, with a width of 150 μm, are narrower than existing electrodes in the field and fabricated by photolithography. In terms of performance, these microsupercapacitors have an extremely short time constant which is 0.03 ms, a high power density which is 17.94 W cm−3, and an excellent cycle stability with a capacitance retention of 94.6% after 10 000 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovative cooling technologies are recognized by many industries as a crucial part of their system design. A large electrocaloric effect (ECE) and extended working temperature are the key issues hindering the realization of electrocaloric refrigeration technology. In this work, large ECE (ΔT = 0.8–0.9°C @ 4 kV/mm) with an ultrawide temperature span from 30 to 120°C is noted for lead‐free (Na1/2Bi1/2)0.80Sr0.20(Zn1/3Nb2/3)xTi1‐xO3 ceramics. The excellent ECE performance can be ascribed to the evolution of polar nanoregions. Our work suggests that this material is promising for applications in solid‐state refrigeration systems with a broad range of operating temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on light modulation has typically examined the wavelength, intensity, and exposure time of light, and measured rhythm, sleep, and cognitive ability to evaluate the regulatory effects of light variables on physiological and cognitive functions. Although the frequency of light is one of the main dimensions of light, few studies have attempted to manipulate it to test the effect on brain activation and performance. Recently, 40-Hz light stimulation has been proven to significantly alleviate deficits in gamma oscillation of the hippocampus caused by Alzheimer's disease. Although this oscillation is one of the key functional characteristics of performing memory tasks in healthy people, there is no evidence that 40-Hz blue light exposure can effectively regulate brain activities related to complex cognitive tasks. In the current study, we examined the difference in the effects of 40-Hz light or 0-Hz light exposure on brain activation and functional connectivity during a recognition memory task. Through joint augmentation of visual area activation, 40-Hz light enhanced brain areas mostly in the limbic system that are related to memory, such as the hippocampus and thalamus. Conversely, 0-Hz light enhanced brain areas mostly in the prefrontal cortex. Additionally, functional connection analysis, with the hippocampus as the seed point, showed that 40-Hz light enhanced connection with the superior parietal lobe and reduced the connection with the default network. These results indicate that light at a frequency of 40 Hz can change the activity and functional connection of memory-related core brain areas. They also indicate that in the use of light to regulate cognitive functions, its frequency characteristics merit attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation Early cancer detection is significant for patient mortality rate reduction. Although machine learning has been widely employed in that context, there are still deficiencies. In this work, we studied different machine learning algorithms for early cancer detection and proposed an Adaptive Support Vector Machine (ASVM) method by synergizing Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm and Support Vector Machine (SVM) in this study. Results Since ASVM regulates SVM for parameter adaption based on data characteristics, the experimental results reflected the robust generalization capability of ASVM on different datasets under different settings; for instance, ASVM can enhance the sensitivity by over 10% for early cancer detection compared with SVM. Besides, our proposed ASVM outperformed Grid Search + SVM and Random Search + SVM by significant margins in terms of the area under the ROC curve (AUC) (0.938 versus 0.922 versus 0.921). Availability and implementation The proposed algorithm and dataset are available at https://github.com/ElaineLIU-920/ASVM-for-Early-Cancer-Detection. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[001]C‐Textured 0.55Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.15PbZrO3–0.3PbTiO3 (PNN‐PZT) ceramics are prepared by the templated grain‐growth method using BaTiO3 (BT) platelet templates. Samples with different template contents are fabricated and compared in terms of texture fraction, microstructure, and piezoelectric, ferroelectric and dielectric properties. High piezoelectric performance (d33 = 1210 pC N−1, d33* = 1773 pm V−1 at 5 kV cm−1) and high figure of merit g33⋅d33 (21.92 × 10−12 m2 N−1) are achieved in the [001]C‐textured PNN‐PZT ceramic with 2 vol% BaTiO3 template, for which the texture fraction is 82%. In addition, domain structures of textured PNN‐PZT ceramics are observed and analyzed, which provide clues to the origin of the giant piezoelectric and electromechanical coupling properties of PNN‐PZT ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Planar on-chip micro-supercapacitors (POMSs) with interdigital configuration were produced by photolithography and self-assembly of liquid-air interface. It is notable that the electrochemical performance of the POMS was significantly enhanced by reducing the electrode width from 300 μm to 180 μm, which highlight the importance of adjusting the width of electrode when creating high-performance POMS. It produced an area capacitance of 0.26 μF cm−2. In addition, POMS provide a power density of 0.825W cm−3, much higher than the power density of the electrolytic capacitor, and capacitor retention rate after 2000 cycles stabilized at 82.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Planar on-chip micro-supercapacitors with winding interdigitated microelectrodes were fabricated by liquid-air interfacial assembly and lithography. The micro-supercapacitors with the microelectrodes (finger width of 210 μm and gap of 70 μm) can quickly complete charging and discharging in a very short time (84 ms), owing to the shortening of the ion path. They deliver an area capacitance of 90.39 μF cm−2 and a stack capacitance of 29.16 F cm−3. In addition, the energy density and the power density at 1 V s−1 are 4.05 mWh cm−3 and 145.79 mW cm−3, respectively. The micro-devices have excellent cycling stability with 98.5% capacitance retention after 2000 cyclic voltammetry cycles and can operate well at an ultrahigh scan rate of 5000 V s−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces an evolutionary algorithm, Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFLA), to solve the optimization problem in designing the multi-pumped Raman Fibre Amplifier (RFA). SFLA is a powerful optimizer tool because of its efficient mathematical expressions and global search capability. We utilize SFLA to determine the optimal pump wavelengths and pump powers by minimizing the gain ripple of RFA. To accelerate calculations, a terminal value optimization strategy (TVOS) is incorporated into the evolution of SFLA. This proposed strategy takes the terminal power values of pumps as the decision variables in optimization. Then, the optimal original power values of the pumps are obtained by solving the Power Coupled Equations once, without using the traditional method of repetitive guesses.The combination of SFLA and TVOS enhances the efficiency of optimization and accelerates calculation, while satisfying the design requirements of RFA.The simulation results show that nearly 65% of computational time has been saved compared with the traditional average power analysis. The 4-pumped C+L band of backward multi-pumped RFA with the average net gain of 0 dB, 1 dB and 2 dB are designed individually, where the gain ripple is less than 0.64 dB. The combination of SFLA and TVOS enhance the optimization efficiency and improve the performance of RFA with good gain profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All-solid-state planar on-chip supercapacitors (APCSs) was prepared based on reduced graphene oxide films obtained by liquid-air interfacial assembly method and hydroiodic acid treatment. The reduced graphene oxide films (495.44 S cm−1) have good surface morphologies, uniform thickness and a higher carbon to oxygen atomic ratio (C/O = 11.5) after hydroiodic acid treatment. The APCSs based on reduced graphene oxide delivered an area capacitance 69.57 μF cm−2 and a stack capacitance 2.34 F cm−3. Moveover, they show an energy density of 324.23 μWh cm−3 and a power density of 1167.21 μW cm−3. The demonstrated APCSs provide an important reference for the study of planar supercapacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advances of liquid biopsy technology, there is increasing evidence that body fluid such as blood, urine, and saliva could harbor the potential biomarkers associated with tumor origin. Traditional correlation analysis methods are no longer sufficient to capture the high-resolution complex relationships between biomarkers and cancer subtype heterogeneity. To address the challenge, researchers proposed machine learning techniques with liquid biopsy data to explore the essence of tumor origin together. In this survey, we review the machine learning protocols and provide corresponding code demos for the approaches mentioned. We discuss algorithmic principles and frameworks extensively developed to reveal cancer mechanisms and consider the future prospects in biomarker exploration and cancer diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of an article on quaternary sporopollen zones and environmental evolution in the Dalangtan salt lake of Qaidam Basin in China is presented.