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Background: Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) has specific features favoring its utilization in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). OCT has 100% sensitivity for detecting intraluminal thrombus compared to conventional coronary angiograms. Aims and Objectives: This study compares the clinical significance of OCT findings during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and angiography-guided PCI in ACS patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care cardiac center at Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital and included 43 patients who had undergone both conventional and OCT-guided stenting (PCI) coronary angiograms. Their pre- and post-stenting findings of Intravascular OCT, conventional angiogram findings, and follow-up coronary angiogram findings were recorded. Results: The mean age of the patients was 51.61 years, with 20 (87%) males and 19 (86.4%) males in the OCT-guided PCI group. Baseline risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, and T2DM were noted. Pre-OCT showed fibrofatty plaque, plaque rupture, red thrombus, spotty calcium, mixed thrombus, and white thrombus. Post-stenting OCT results showed 13.6% Edge dissection, 9.1% Malapposition, 9.1% Red thrombus, 4.5% Tissue prolapse, and 4.5% white thrombus. Five patients had chest pain on follow-up; a check angiogram showed stent thrombosis and restenosis in four cases (17.4%), and reintervention was done. One case of early stent thrombosis expired, which is statistically significant. Conclusion: Intravascular OCT is a promising new and advanced technology for intra-coronary imaging due to its high resolution and dynamic range.

The effect of thermal cycling on tensile properties and microstructural characterization of Titanium (Ti–6Al–4V) alloy which were subjected to various types of thermomechanical treatments especially stress relief annealing and solution treated aging were studied and results presented. The specimens were thermally treated at a temperature of 427°C for up to 1500 cycles. The test setup used for thermal treatment of the specimens was a specially designed experimental setup. After thermal treatment the specimens, were prepared for a tensile test to get the desired tensile properties. It was noticed that the maximum tensile strength of the specimen was observed when reached at 250 cycles and thereafter marginally increasing up to 1000 cycles. After 1000 cycles the tensile strength of the specimen decreases. Similarly, the hardness of the specimen increases up to 1000 cycles and then decreases after 1000 cycles, while elongation increases marginally when the cycle increases. Solution-treated aged specimen attains greater strength and hardness when compared to stress relief annealed specimen. With the increased number of cycles, the strength of the specimen when treated with stress relief annealing and solution-treated aging specimen increases. It was observed that the hardness and strength values decrease after 1000 cycles. With an increasing number of cycles, the tensile elongation increased. When compared with both the treatment processes the solution-treated aged specimen shows better results after thermal cycling.

In the current work, Investigation of a cube, cylinder, and beams cast of M35 grade by replacing 5,10,15 and 20 percent of rubber tyre with fine aggregate as well as 0.5%,1%,1.5%, and 2% of conplast SP430 superplasticizer were added respectively and their properties were articulated. Waste tyre concrete, also known as rubberized concrete, is an innovative and sustainable construction material that addresses both environmental concerns and the need for enhanced concrete properties. The waste tyre rubber inclusion in concrete not only decreases the environmental effect of tyre disposal but also enhances the concrete’s mechanical and durability characteristics. The process of producing waste tyre concrete involves shredding and grinding waste tyres into small rubber particles, which are then mixed with cement, fine aggregates, and water to form the concrete mixture. The appropriate mix design ensures an optimal balance between rubber content and other ingredients to achieve the desired performance. From the study, it is endorsed that 10 percent of rubber tyre partially replace the fine aggregate which provides the optimum compressive strength of 36.42 N/mm2 using a superplasticizer. The rubber concrete of 10% replacement shows an improvement of 1.6 times when compared with the traditional concrete.

Background: The incidence of diabetes is increasing tremendously throughout the world especially in the developing countries. This disease affects various organs like eyes, nerves, kidneys and the heart. In this study, we investigated whether lungs are also one of the target organs of diabetes mellitus or not. Aim: To assess the pulmonary function parameters including alveolar gas exchange in patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and to find the influence of hyperglycaemia and duration of diabetes. Methodology: This cross sectional study involved 30 type II diabetic patients of age 30-60 years attending the diabetic outpatient department of SRM Medical College & Research Centre and 30 age and sex matched non-diabetic subjects as controls. The glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, fasting and post prandial blood glucose levels, pulmonary function parameters such as Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Forced Expiratory Volume Percentage (FEV1 /FVC), Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR), Forced Expiratory Flow (25 – 75%), Peak Inspiratory flow ( PIF), Forced Inspiratory Vital Capacity ( FIVC), Total Lung Capacity ( TLC),Diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide( DLCO) were measured for all the participants using Easyone Pro computerised spirometer. DLCO was measured by single breath Carbon Monoxide (CO) diffusion test. The alveolar membrane permeability was assessed by evaluating the ratio of DLCO to Alveolar Ventilation (VA). Results: The pulmonary function parameters FVC, FEV1, PEFR, PIF, FIVC, TLC , DLCO and DLCO/VA were significantly low (p 7). Conclusion: We conclude that the pulmonary function parameters like FVC, FEV1, PEFR, PIF, FIVC, TLC and alveolar gas exchange were significantly reduced in patients with type II diabetes. The patients with Type II diabetes mellitus had a restrictive pattern of respiratory abnormality. The patients with poor glycaemic control( HbA1c > 7) had reduced alveolar diffusion which was not dependent on the duration of diabetes. The impaired respiratory function may give way for the development of pulmonary complications. Spirometry can be used as a screening tool among diabetics as an early preventive measure.

The repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in the presence of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) carries a high-risk of adverse peri-operative cardiac event. The options to reduce cardiac risk include perioperative β-blockade, preoperative optimization by myocardial revascularization and simultaneous (combined) coronary artery bypass grafting and aneurysm repair. We describe intra-operative controlled phlebotomy to optimize myocardial stress during repair of infrarenal AAA in a patient with significant stable CAD.