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Background and ObjectiveIn recent years, the consumption of fish products has led to a worrying trend where approximately two-thirds of the total amount of fish is discarded as waste. At the same time, scientific interest in exploring natural collagen sources for cosmetics and dietary supplements has increased. This study explores the potential of valorizing sardine scales (Sardina pilchardus), a by-product of the canning industry, through the extraction of collagen for potential use in dermocosmetic formulations and food supplements.MethodsCollagen from sardine scales was obtained though acid and enzymatic extraction. The collagen extracts were characterized by UV-Vis, FTIR spectroscopy, SDS-PAGE, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The collagen was hydrolysed with papain to small peptides. Subsequently, the biological activities of acid-soluble collagen as well as the collagen peptides in terms of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were evaluated. Furthermore, the capacity of collagen peptides to permeate the intestinal barrier, simulated with caco-2 cells, was evaluated.ResultsPurified collagen extracts were obtained from sardine scales, with enzymatic extraction method having a yield three times higher than the acid method. The SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed the extraction of type I collagen as well as its hydrolysis into small fragments (25–12 kDa). In terms of biological activities, collagen and collagen peptides have not demonstrated antimicrobial activity. However, regarding antioxidant activity, collagen peptides showed three times more capacity compared to non-hydrolyzed collagen. Meanwhile, in 6 h, about 6.37% of collagen peptides could permeate the intestinal barrier.ConclusionThis work represents a continuous effort to advance our understanding and utilization of Portuguese marine waste resources, with focus on the valorization of sardine co-products for the development of food supplement or cosmetic formulations, contributing to the sustainable evolution of the circular blue economy.

Objetivo: Identificar nas publicações as orientações fornecidas pelo enfermeiro aos pacientes e cuidadores/familiares na alta hospitalar sobre o cuidado com a ferida neoplásica maligna. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa sobre a produção científica relacionada às feridas neoplásicas malignas nas bases de dados PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL e LILACS. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de janeiro de 2023 e, como critérios de inclusão, adotaram-se textos completos em português, inglês e espanhol, disponíveis na íntegra em acesso gratuito, publicados nos últimos dez anos (2012 - 2022). Artigos de revisão integrativa de literatura, dissertações, teses e livros foram excluídos. Resultados: Foram recuperados 235 artigos e dois revisores selecionaram 171 estudos, desses 108 foram excluídos através da leitura dos resumos, 63 estudos foram lidos na íntegra e, ao final, 02 estudos foram incluídos nesta revisão. Conclusão: Através da análise dos estudos percebeu-se que as informações, quando foram fornecidas aos pacientes e cuidadores/familiares, ocorreram predominantemente de forma verbal, sem uso de qualquer instrumento adicional que facilitasse aos cuidadores, familiares e pacientes o manejo da ferida neoplásica maligna em domicílio

The Science-Technology-Society (STS) education has as one objective the educational proposition around social themes of science and technology, from an interdisciplinary and contextualized approach, aligned with democratization processes. In this sense, we seek to investigate how this purpose is provided and enhanced in textbooks. Considering a qualitative and bibliographical research, we aim to analyze Physics textbooks against the backdrop of a STS reference matrix. As a theoretical basis for this work, we are based on references of STS education and its articulations with the theoretical-philosophical assumptions of Paulo Freire and Latin American Thought on STS. As a result, we highlight limiting and enhancing aspects related to the objective in question, and, in general, the STS parameters are presented punctually and without deep problematization, thus evidencing challenges for the area.

OBJECTIVES: Acute cellular rejection (ACR) remains a major complication of heart transplant (HT). The gold standard for its diagnosis is endomyocardial biopsy (EMB), whereas the role of non-invasive biomarkers for detecting ACR is unclear. This study aimed to identify non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of ACR in patients undergoing HT and presenting with normal left ventricular function. METHODS: We evaluated patients who underwent HT at a single center between January 2010 and June 2019. Patients were enrolled after HT, and those with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction before EMB were excluded. We included only the results of the first EMB performed at least 30 days after HT (median, 90 days). Troponin, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured and echocardiography was performed up to 7 days before EMB. ACR was defined as International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation grade 2R or 3R on EMB. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify the non-invasive predictors of ACR (2R or 3R) and evaluated the accuracy of each using area under the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: We analyzed 72 patients after HT (51.31±13.63 years; 25 [34.7%] women); of them, 9 (12.5%) developed ACR. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, we performed forward stepwise selection (entry criteria, p

Este estudo buscou verificar se há relação entre atenção (seletiva e sustentada visual) e o desempenho escolar (leitura, escrita e aritmética). Foram avaliados 258 estudantes do 1º a 9º ano do ensino fundamental de escolas brasileiras públicas e privadas, com idade média de 10,33 anos (DP = 2,52). Os estudantes foram avaliados pelo Teste de Cancelamento do Sinos - Versão Infantil (TCS) e pelo Teste de Desempenho Escolar -Segunda Edição (TDE-II). Os escores dos testes foram correlacionados pelo coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, considerando o nível de significância de p ≤ 0,05. Houve correlações significativas positivas de intensidade fraca entre os escores totais do TCS e TDE-II e correlação negativas significativas de intensidade fraca entre os escores de erros e omissões do TCS e escores totais do TDE-II. Foi possível observar relação entre os construtos estudados, porém sugere-se que investigações futuras utilizem diferentes métodos para avaliar outras habilidades relacionadas ao desempenho escolar e processos atencionais.

Estudo qualitativo, ancorado na Teoria das Representações Sociais a partir do pensamento de Jodelet, realizado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e Oncologia de um hospital universitário. Objetivou-se compreender as representações sociais dos enfermeiros acerca da religiosidade ao cuidar de pacientes em processo de morte. Os dados foram coletados de maio a agosto de 2010, utilizando a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. As representações da religiosidade inseridas na prática do cuidar de pacientes em processo de morte valorizam as crenças dos profissionais sobre a morte, seu significado permitindo elaborar mecanismos de enfrentamento. Considera-se que a tomada de consciência se dará através da compreensão da realidade e da inserção da temática na discussão da qualidade da saúde e da capacitação dos profissionais.

The present study proposes the expansion of the debate on inter-organizational networks for conducting a study of exploratory and qualitative in a group of transportation companies passenger-pole and three cities of a metropolitan region of Rio Grande do Sul The goal is understand how the passenger carriers in the cities analyzed, operate in a network. For this, we used the model proposed by Marcon and Moinet (2001), which ranks the inter-organizational relationships, and model and Balestrin Vershoore (2006), which deals with benefits in interorganizational networks. To achieve the objective of this study were collected through interviews with managers of transport companies and document analysis, using the technique of content analysis a posteriori. The results of these tests have drawn the picture of the performance of carriers in the network in the cities studied. We developed a report of cases crossed that define the possible inter-relationships as formal and horizontal, between the main benefits of network operation, there was the implementation of electronic ticketing system and gains in representation before public interaction.

O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa sobre melhorias decorrentes da implantação de sistema de bilhetagem eletrônica em duas cidades e na região metropolitana do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida para verificar se são percebidas como inovação em serviços as melhorias decorrentes da implantação do sistema de bilhetagem eletrônica. Inicialmente foi construído um referencial teórico que possibilitou definir características de inovação em serviços que nortearam a busca por informações e dados, os quais deram suporte para a comparação entre as características do sistema de bilhetagem e os construtos caracterizadores das inovações em serviços. A partir da definição dos casos, foram construídos os instrumentos de coleta de dados que resultaram em informações de natureza qualitativa via entrevistas e documentos que foram analisados com a aplicação da análise de conteúdo. Realizou-se uma comparação dos benefícios obtidos com o sistema de bilhetagem e excertos de autores reconhecidos na área de inovação como forma de demonstrar as características inovadoras destes benefícios, inferindo-se, no final, que a bilhetagem, além das melhorias que proporciona à gestão de operações de passagens e empresas, consiste em um meio para se alcançar à inovação e não uma inovação per se.This article describes a research on improvements resulting from the implementation of electronic ticketing system in two cities and a metropolitan region of Rio Grande do Sul. This study was designed to identify whether such improvements are perceived as innovation in services. Initially, we built a theoretical framework which enabled to define the characteristics of innovation in services that guided the search for information and data. These latter gave support to the comparison between the characteristics of the ticketing system and the constructs which define innovation in services. Having defined the cases, instruments were built to collect the data which, in their turn, resulted in qualitative information comprised by interviews and documents analyzed with the application of content analysis. Benefits obtained with the ticketing system were compared to excerpts from renowned authors in the field of innovation, in order to demonstrate the innovative features of such benefits. Finally, comparison allowed inferring that electronic ticketing, in addition to providing improvements in the management of ticket operations and the business as a whole, also comprises a means to achieve innovation rather than being an innovation per se.

This quantitative study aimed to construct Mokken scales related to the capacity for self-care of 48 elderly individuals. The survey used a version of the Appraisal of Self-Care Agency Scale validated for Portuguese. The questionnaire of 24 items permitted answers on a Likert scale with five alternatives. For analysis, non-parametric item response theory was used. Out of all the polytomic items, 19 formed two Mokken scales: that of Subjective Self-Care Capacity, with 11 items, and that of Objective Self-Care Capacity, with 8 items. It was possible to set up two scales in diminishing order of self-care ability, according to each person´s total score. It was verified that where objective actions and attitudes are concerned, the self-care capacity of the elderly is less than when one is considering subjective actions and attitudes. KEYWORDS

Os hormônios tireoidianos são essenciais para o crescimento, desenvolvimento e metabolismo. O pró-hormônio tiroxina (T4) é sintetizado e secretado pela glândula tireóide junto com uma pequena quantidade do hormônio ativo, a triiodotironina (T3). A conversão de T4 em T3 ocorre na periferia através da atividade das iodotironinas desiodases tipo 1 e tipo 2. Os efeitos biológicos dos hormônios tireoidianos são mediados pela interação do hormônio metabolicamente ativo (T3) com transportadores de membrana e receptores nucleares, resultando em ativação da transcrição gênica. Classicamente as gônadas eram consideradas refratárias aos hormônios tireoidianos. Estudos recentes, no entanto, têm demonstrado que o hormônio da tireóide desempenha um papel crítico no aparelho reprodutor, não somente durante o período de desenvolvimento, mas também na vida adulta. Neste artigo apresentamos uma revisão sobre o papel desempenhado pelos hormônios tireoidianos sobre a função testicular.

Copyright of Actas de Diseño is the property of Facultad de Diseno y Comunicacion, Fundacion Universidad de Palermo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Globally, the yearly disposal of 1.3 billion tonnes of food raises environmental and public health concerns. Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae present a sustainable solution, converting organic waste into nutrient-rich biomass. The extracted oil from BSF larvae, rich in fatty acids (FA), offers an eco-friendly alternative for the cosmetic industry. In this study, larvae sourced from a Portuguese company were fed olive pomace, a by-product of olive oil production.The lipidic sample extracted revealed a composition high in oleic acid, valuable for cosmetics. Investigating the biological activity of lipid extractions from larvae fed with olive pomace is a novel approach. Notably, the n-hexane ultrasound-assisted extraction method demonstrated potent antioxidant properties, and some extracts displayed antimicrobial activity. Five non-cytotoxic extracts; three with no relevant activity (IC50 from 236 to >400 μg/mL).These findings highlight BSF larvae as an environmentally friendly source of fatty acids, offering promising alternatives for diverse applications.

Abstract We evaluated the association of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), blood pressure (BP) and Vitamin D (VD) levels before and after high-dose cholecalciferol supplementation (4000/10,000) UI/day) for 12 weeks in patients (N = 67) with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Based on this prospective controlled pilot study, patients were divided into group 1 (N = 23 with CAN) and group 2 (N = 44 without CAN). At baseline, group 1 had higher systolic BP (SBP) during sleep (115 ± 14 vs. 107 ± 12 mmHg, p = 0.04) and lower nocturnal dipping (3 ± 5 vs. 8 ± 6%, p = 0.009). Among those with loss of nocturnal dipping, 45.4% (20/44) had CAN, while in normal nocturnal dipping group it occurred only in 13% (3/23) (p = 0.007). Non-dipper group had worse CAN parameters when compared to dipper group [Very low frequency (VLF) (2.5 ± 0.5vs.2.8 ± 0.4 s, p = 0.01), total power (TP) (2.9 ± 0.6 vs. 3.3 ± 0.4 s, p = 0.01), Valsalva coefficient (1.5 ± 0.4 vs. 1.8 ± 0.6, p = 0.06)]. After VD, only group 1 improved CAN parameters [TP (2.5 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.6, p = 0.01) and VLF (2.2 ± 0.4 vs. 2.4 ± 0.5, p = 0.03). Group 1 presented a reduction in morning SBP (120 ± 20 vs. 114 ± 17 mmHg, p = 0.038) and in morning SBP surge (13 ± 13 vs. 5 ± 14, p = 0.04). High-dose VD was associated with improved CAN parameters and reduced awake SBP and morning SBP surge. These findings suggest that VD may benefit patients with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. ISRCTN32601947, registration date: 31/07/2017.

In this work, the pyrolysis process and the characteristics of biochar produced using a bench-scale fixed-bed reactor and a prototype-scale auger reactor were studied. Residual forest biomass (RFB) from acacia, broom, gorse, and giant reed was used as feedstock. Besides information on pyrolysis characteristics of these specific biomass species from the Iberian Peninsula, new knowledge on the understanding of how results from small-scale reactors can be used to predict the behavior of higher-scale and continuous-operation reactors is offered. Batch pyrolysis was carried out using 40 g of biomass sample in a fixed-bed reactor with a heating rate of 20 °C∙min−1, pyrolysis temperature of 450 and 550 °C, and a residence time of 30 min, while for the continuous process it was used a prototype of an auger reactor with continuous operation with a biomass flow rate up to 1 kg/h, with temperatures of 450 and 550 °C, and a solids residence time of 5 min. The biochar yield was in the range of 0.26 to 0.36 kg/kg biomass dry basis, being similar for both types of reactors and slightly lower when using the auger reactor. The proximate analysis of the biochar shows volatile matter in the range 0.10 to 0.27 kg/kg biochar dry basis, fixed carbon in the range 0.65 to 0.84 kg/kg biochar dry basis, and ash in the range 0.04 to 0.08 kg/kg biochar dry basis. The carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen content of the biochar was in the range of 0.71 to 0.81, 0.09 to 0.22, and 0.02 to 0.03 kg/kg biochar dry basis, respectively. The results show that the up-scaling of the reactor and regime of operation does not have an important influence on the yield and characteristics of the biochar produced. The biochar obtained in the two types of reactors has characteristics appropriate for environmental applications, such as an additive to improve soil properties. It is possible to see that the characteristics of the biochar are influenced by the type of biomass and the conditions and parameters of the process; therefore, it is of major importance to control and know of these conditions, especially when considering upscaling scenarios.

The aim of this study was to compare costs and socio-economic impact of tuberculosis (TB) for patients diagnosed through active (ACF) and passive case finding (PCF) in Nepal. A longitudinal costing survey was conducted in four districts of Nepal from April 2018 to October 2019. Costs were collected using the WHO TB Patient Costs Survey at three time points: intensive phase of treatment, continuation phase of treatment and at treatment completion. Direct and indirect costs and socio-economic impact (poverty headcount, employment status and coping strategies) were evaluated throughout the treatment. Prevalence of catastrophic costs was estimated using the WHO threshold. Logistic regression and generalized estimating equation were used to evaluate risk of incurring high costs, catastrophic costs and socio-economic impact of TB over time. A total of 111 ACF and 110 PCF patients were included. ACF patients were more likely to have no education (75% vs 57%, P = 0.006) and informal employment (42% vs 24%, P = 0.005) Compared with the PCF group, ACF patients incurred lower costs during the pretreatment period (mean total cost: US$55 vs US$87, P < 0.001) and during the pretreatment plus treatment periods (mean total direct costs: US$72 vs US$101, P < 0.001). Socio-economic impact was severe for both groups throughout the whole treatment, with 32% of households incurring catastrophic costs. Catastrophic costs were associated with 'no education' status [odds ratio = 2.53(95% confidence interval = 1.16-5.50)]. There is a severe and sustained socio-economic impact of TB on affected households in Nepal. The community-based ACF approach mitigated costs and reached the most vulnerable patients. Alongside ACF, social protection policies must be extended to achieve the zero catastrophic costs milestone of the End TB strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mauritia flexuosa L., traditionally known as "buriti", exhibits chemoprotective properties including antioxidant, antithrombotic, and nutritional actions. The aim of this study was to examine the oral anti-inflammatory activity of epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp obtained from M. flexuosa fruits using in vivo models to verify physiological benefits. The anti-edematogenic action was determined using phlogistic agents to induce paw edema and peritonitis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell migration of peritoneal cells, histological changes, and abdominal swelling induced by acetic acid were also investigated. Carrageenan-induced edema was found to be decreased in mice pre-treated with epicarp by 50.8%, 53.7% and 39.2% and mesocarp by 41.8%, 65.3% and 71.9% after 2, 3, and 4 hr stimuli, respectively. Edema initiated by specific agents such as compound 48/80, histamine, serotonin, and prostaglandin E2 were also reduced, and better outcomes were found against histamine-induced edema, as evidenced by the decline at all times analyzed (30–120 min) with both doses of water extract of mesocarp (500 or 1000 mg/kg). Mesocarp-pre-treatment reduced inflammatory tissue parameters such as number of peritoneal leukocytes and TNF-α levels, but only epicarp diminished abdominal pain. In summary, M. flexuosa fruits, especially mesocarp, exhibited oral physiological benefits and capacity to modify biochemical and cellular steps in the inflammatory cascade, indicating that dietary supplements containing these fruits may be combined with pharmacological tools to ameliorate or prevent diseases of inflammatory origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study estimated the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in urban cleaning and solid waste management workers during the transmission of the Omicron variant in one of the poorest regions of Brazil (the state of Sergipe). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 494 workers, and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was tested by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidities, vaccination status, mask use, and use of public transport to commute to the workplace were collected. The prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated from the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases among the total number of individuals tested. The prevalence ratio (PR) with a 95% CI was the measure of association used to evaluate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the exposure variables. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 22.5% (95% CI, 19.0 to 26.4). Individuals under the age of 40 had a higher prevalence of infection (PR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.30) as well as those who did not believe in the protective effect of vaccines (PR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.89). Our results indicate the need for better guidance on preventive measures against coronavirus disease 2019 among urban cleaning and solid waste management workers.

Muitos estudos sobre o impacto ambiental em áreas urbanas estão relacionados ao ruído do tráfego rodoviário. O transporte é uma atividade essencial à vida urbana e à economia, seja ele de pessoas ou bens de consumo, os tipos de veículos para transporte são classificados em veículos leves ou pesados. Entretanto, o mau planejamento da roteirização das cidades ocasiona certa movimentação em demasia em alguns pontos, causando níveis excessivos de ruído gerados pelo tráfego rodoviário. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar um modelo matemático que represente a relação entre as grandezas Nível Equivalente Sonoro e Volume Veicular, utilizando o modelo de regressão logística não linear, a fim de facilitar a tomada de decisão em relação ao planejamento urbano. Os dados de pressão sonora e volume veicular foram coletados por dez dias durante cinco horas totalizando uma coleta de 50 horas, com um total de 180 mil dados de nível de pressão sonora e 124.316 veículos. O local de coleta de dados foi uma rodovia que passa pela cidade de Maringá, no Paraná, sendo uma rodovia de tráfego intenso. Os resultados mostram que as diferenças entre os níveis de ruído de tráfego medido e previsto variam de -0,3 dB (A) a +0,3 dB (A) e a diferença média foi de -0,006 dB (A). O modelo de previsão de ruído de tráfego rodoviário proposto pode ser utilizado como ferramenta de apoio à decisão no planejamento urbano, levando em consideração as mesmas condições de contorno da rodovia estudada.

Plectranthus is a well-known genus belonging to the Lamiaceae family and is mainly distributed in tropical areas of the globe. Furthermore, Plectranthus species are particularly rich in phenolic compounds and abietane-type diterpenes, such as royleanones, widely used in traditional medicine against a vast range of diseases, including skin disorders and cancer. In order to study the phytochemical composition and the biological activity of P. ecklonii Benth., ultrasound-assisted extractions were carried out using methanol and acetone as solvents. It is known from the literature data that phenolic compounds are predominant in the methanol extracts, while the phytochemical analysis of the acetone extracts from our research group evidenced abietanes as the most frequently occurring secondary metabolites. Methanol extracts were screened to assay their potential bioactivity as antimicrobials, antioxidants, and on skin-related enzymes, as well as their general toxicity. The results showed only a moderate effect against bacteria, but a very promising antioxidant activity, and no relevant general toxicity. High tyrosinase inhibition was observed, together with an excellent inhibitory activity on collagenase, making the methanolic extract a promising raw material to be used for the development of dermo-cosmetic formulations, especially those with antiaging activity. Fractionation and further purification were carried out on the acetone extracts, highlighting a significant cytotoxic activity, mainly due to the presence of diterpenes, with an observed IC50 in the low-micromolar range. Considering the potential applications for internal and topical uses, further studies are currently ongoing on both the extracts to investigate other relevant biological activities and ascertain their safety.

In this study, we aim to: (i) revisit the various 'concepts' of Brazilian Língua Geral (LG) from current studies relating with language contact; (ii) present new reflections on the sociohistorical conditions involving this type of language; (iii) to support, through a combination of hypotheses, that proposal that LG may constitute a "creole"-type language and that, contrary to what is suggested in some texts of the specialist literature, LG relates to a process of contact of "newly created languages", and not "language shift". We also propose that the LG creole language be integrated in a pidgin-creole continuum departing from the Tupinamba language. In this sense, once again, we distance ourselves from the literature in the are, as we see Tupinamba not as sister-language of LG belonging to the Tupi-Guarani family (in accordance with historical-comparative linguistics), but as a pidgin language.

O objetivo foi analisar a tendência da mortalidade por Diabetes mellitus (DM) no Paraná (Brasil) no período de 1984 a 2014, por meio de pesquisa analítica retrospectiva do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) quanto a notificações de DM como causa básica do óbito. Os dados foram digitados no software Microsoft Excel®. Foi utilizado o Jointpoint regression analysis para calcular a percentagem anual de mudança da taxa com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Entre o período de 1984 a 2014, ocorreram 60343 óbitos decorrentes do DM. No Paraná, observou-se que a taxa de mortalidade por DM no período analisado passou de 14,37/100000 habitantes para 29,27/100000 habitantes. A tendência da mortalidade de 1984 a 2000 foi crescente, mantendo-se estável a partir de 2000 a 2014. Um aspecto promissor foi a constatação da estabilização da taxa de mortalidade no período de 2000 a 2014, num contexto que verifica-se aumento progressivo do número de casos da doença.

Kalunga is a variety of Afro-Portuguese spoken in a rural community located in the state of Goiás, Brazil. In this study, we compare Kalunga with other varieties of Portuguese spoken in Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, and Portugal and Portuguese-based creoles from a contact linguistics perspective. We investigate typological similarities, differences, and possible connections between these varieties. The results support previous sociohistorical and linguistic studies that reveal significant differences between Kalunga and standardized varieties of Portuguese, and the typological distinction between creoles, more vernacular varieties, and more standard varieties.

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Copyright of Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia (RIAE) is the property of Revista Ibero-Americana de Estrategia/UNINOVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Appropriate level of thyroid hormone is essential for normal development and metabolism in most vertebrate tissues and altered thyroid status impacts adversely on them. For many years the testis was regarded as a thyroid hormone unresponsive organ, but consistent evidence accumulated in the past two decades has definitively changed this classical view. Currently, the concept that thyroid hormone plays a critical role in testis development, in rats and other vertebrate species, is clearly established. Although the effects of thyroid hormone on Sertoli and Leydig cells in the immature testis are well described, its role on the adult organ remains controversial. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent development on the thyroid hormone effects in immature and adult testes. Particularly, we have attempted to address the role of thyroid hormone in the regulation of spermatogenesis, emphasizing recent data that suggest its involvement in germ cells differentiation and survival. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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ABSTRACT The capture of live bait for sport fishing is an important activity for fishing communities. The main species used for this purpose are members of the genus Gymnotus, which comprises numerous species of cryptic nature that are difficult to identify based on external morphology. The aims of this work were to identify through partial sequences of the COI gene Gymnotus species fished in the Jacaré-Guaçu River, SP, and to develop a molecular diagnostic approach using PCR-RFLP to identify these species. Partial COI sequences were compared to those of other species deposited in GenBank. The sequences were assessed in the NEBCutter program to determine restriction sites in the sequence and the enzymes to be tested. Phenetic analysis performed by Neighbor-Joining method showed that the specimens sampled belong to two species preliminary identified here as G. cf. sylvius and G. cf. cuia, with G. cf. sylvius accounting for 95.2% of the individuals sampled. The enzymes NlaIII and SacI generated fragments that allowed distinguishing the Gymnotus species using PCR-RFLP. This analysis can be used to accurately identify these species, which is fundamental for monitoring Gymnotus fishing and assessing the conservation of this genetic resource.

Our goal is to support the partial analysis suggested by Andrade (2015a) that a set of sentences introduced by “where” when in a not interrogative question in the Portuguese spoken at Libolo/Angola (PLb) doesn’t introduce relative sentences, but it introduces sentences with a syntactic discursive category. In order to corroborate our analysis, we take as a basis some studies on the Capeverdean, variety from St. Nicholas (CSN), developed within the syntax-phonology interface framework. Our conclusion is that the sentences with “where”, when in a not interrogative question in PLb, and that is always followed by “é que” (“is that”), can be involved in the concept of highlighter, a syntactic discursive marker. The comparison between PLb and CSN, presented in this paper, is made between restructured languages (following Holm, 2004): (i) the PLb that is considered a partially restructured language – see Figueiredo e Santos (2014) among others; and (ii) the CSN that is considered a fully restructured language – see Zanoli (2015) among others.

O XIII Encontro de Pesquisa em Educação da Região Centro-Oeste - Reunião Científica Regional da ANPED foi realizado no período de 06 a 09 de novembro de 2016, tendo como sede o Campus Darcy Ribeiro, da Universidade de Brasília. O evento foi organizado pelo Programa de Pósgraduação em Educação da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de Brasília e o Fórum de Coordenadores de Programas de Pós-graduação em Educação da Região Centro-Oeste (Forpred Centro-Oeste).

A 65-year-old Brazilian man presented with an erythematous nodular lesion on the left forearm (Fig. 1). The patient had been treated with multidrug therapy for 8 months for lepromatous leprosy. During therapy, he developed recurrent episodes of reactions which were treated with high doses of prednisone and thalidomide. The histopathology of the cutaneous nodular lesion showed a granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate; some histiocytes contained vacuolations and others demonstrated oval-like or coma-like structures (Fig. 2). The specimen was cultivated in Sabouraud agar at room temperature. The colonies were transferred to Petri dishes containing Niger Seed Agar (NSA) (Fig. 3). The confirmed diagnosis was Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans based on microscopy and physiology, including the canavanine–glycine–bromothymol blue (CGB) medium (Lazéra MS, Pires FDA, Camillo-Coura L et al. Natural habitat of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans in decaying wood forming hollows in living trees. J Med Vet Mycol 1996; 34: 127–131). The liquor culture was negative. Hemoculture and urine culture were also negative. Latex agglutination test was blood positive and liquor negative. The patient's hemogram revealed normocytic anemia and normal total and differential white blood count. The CD4 count was 189/m3 and the CD8 count was 141/m3. Serology for anti-human immunodeficiency virus-I (anti-HIV-I) antibodies was negative. The X-ray of the lungs showed an areolar image in the superior lobe of the right lung. Therapy with prednisone was suspended and fluconazole (300 mg/day) was prescribed. The nodular cutaneous lesion regressed completely after 90 days. The patient was submitted to a second skin biopsy for treatment control. The culture of the specimen taken was still positive and the histopathology showed the same picture as before treatment. After 5 months of continued therapy with fluconazole, another biopsy was performed... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (PPGE/UFMT), campus Cuiabá, realizou no dia 9 de maio de 2016 sua milésima sessão pública de defesa de dissertação de mestrado. Nesse dia, Elen Luci Prates defendeu a dissertação intitulada “O ensino de arte na escola indígena bororo Korogedo Paru da aldeia Córrego Grande/MT”, com a orientação do Prof. Dr. Darci Secchi.3 Esse evento representou para a comunidade acadêmica da UFMT, assim como para muitos dos egressos que mantêm contato com a universidade, um momento de reflexão sobre as atividades do Programa e suas transformações nos últimos 28 anos.

Our work aims to point out the syntactic-discursive category focus in Angolan Portuguese, starting from a concept and typology specific to this category. Taking as a starting point a morphosyntax/discursive interface, we consider cleft and pseudo cleft sentences as being focus carrying, in that they present a specificational reading, containing an obligatory predication characteristic of the focussed constituent. We introduce an analysis of focus in Angolan Porof value to a variable, expressing the readings of ‘contrast’, ‘exclusiveness’ and ‘exhaustive’, tuguese from the starting point of a typology for cleft and pseudo-cleft sentences as developed in studies of Brazilian Portuguese. For the sentences traditionally classified as ‘interrogative cleft without copula’, we propose an analysis in which we consider this kind of sentence outside of cleft classification. We consider that the fronted element receiving the focus reading is followed by a focusing particle pointing to a grammatically controlled focus. ­

As pastagens cultivadas constituem a base da bovinocultura no Brasil sendo que, os gêneros Brachiaria e Panicum ocupam lugar de destaque. Brachiaria decumbens Stapf possui vantagens como grande adaptabilidade a solos ácidos e de baixa fertilidade, ao clima tropical, além de proporcionar alto rendimento de massa seca. Panicum maximum Jacq. é importante devido ao alto potencial de produção de massa seca por unidade de área, adaptabilidade, qualidade de forragem, facilidade de estabelecimento e aceitabilidade pelos animais. Foi observado o ataque do pulgão Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), comumente encontrado em hortaliças, principalmente nas do gênero Brassica, nestas gramíneas, causando danos como amarelecimento de folhas, depauperamento e formação de fumagina em plantas cultivadas em casa de vegetação. Este inseto poderá se tornar uma praga potencial de B. decumbens cv. Basilisk e P. maximum cv. Tanzânia se for confirmada sua adaptação aos novos hospedeiros em campo. Attack and Damage Characterization of Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Brachiaria decumbens Stapf and Panicum maximum Jacq. Abstract. The cultivated pastures are the basis of cattle rearing in Brazil and the Brachiaria and Panicum genera are most important. Brachiaria decumbens Stapf has great advantages such as adaptability to acid soils of low fertility, to the tropical climate and to providing high yield of dry matter. Panicum maximum Jacq. is important because of the high potential production of dry mass per unit area, adaptability, forage quality, ease of establishment and acceptability by animals. It was reported the attack and damage of the aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), commonly found in vegetables, especially in the genus Brassica, in these grasses causing damage such as leaf yellowing, plant depletion and formation of sooty mold in the greenhouse. This insect can become a potential pest of B. decumbens cv. Basilisk and P. maximum cv. Tanzânia, if confirmed their adaptation to new hosts in the field.

El Centro Brasileño y los Centros Regionales de Investigaciones Educacionales fueron creados en la estructura del Instituto Nacional de Estudios Pedagógicos (INEP) en 1955, con el objetivo principal de estimular el desarrollo de investigaciones en ciencias sociales sobre cuestiones relacionadas a la educación brasileña. Actuando en variadas regiones del país, los centros promovieron la realización de investigaciones en el Distrito Federal y en los estados de São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Bahia y Rio Grande do Sul. Por medio de las actividades de investigación desarrolladas, principalmente entre los años de 1956 y 1961, los centros del INEP obtuvieron la colaboración de un diversificado grupo de investigadores sociales que sugirieron interpretaciones algunas veces innovadoras sobre las relaciones entre la educación escolarizada y los cambios sociales que se procesaban en diferentes ritmos, en las diversas regiones brasileñas, en aquel momento histórico.

The considerations presented in this article have the objective to provoke reflections about the search for alternative models of assistance in the Braziian health public system, which has been demanding increasing changes in the last years in the country, considering the crisis installed in the health sector. The Brazilian health assistance model centered in the hospitals and phisicians health care has failed to efficiently solve the increasing health demands of the population. In an area of incited ideological conflicts, a consensus is achieved: It is necessary to change the present model of health assistance. The proposal of a new model based on priorizing basic health attention has guided the changes and the strategies defined by the Health Federal Ministry, that presented the Family Health Program (PSF) as a possibility of change. The implementation of a new model of health assistance has been a great challenge for the whole country. The PSF was presented in 1994 as a structural proposal capable of incorporating new social segments to the health assistance field, in the construction of this political sanitary project. The different researches contributions about this subject leads to the understanding that it can be perceived as a field of interests in which the consideration of the daily life of the Brazilian population is what will define the technical and instrumental drawing of the desired model of health assistance in the country.

Determinou-se o regime anual e estacional de horas de frio nas diferentes regiões ecoclimáticas do Rio Grande do Sul, para temperaturas do ar abaixo de 7oC e 10oC, durante o período de 1956 a 2003. O número total de horas de frio durante o ano variou de 121 horas na região do Baixo Vale do Uruguai a 487 horas na região do Planalto Superior – Serra do Nordeste, para a temperatura abaixo de 7oC. Para a temperatura abaixo de 10oC, o regime anual variou de 387 a 1.114 horas, respectivamente nas mesmas regiões. O inverno, com maior número de horas de frio, apresentou uma variação de 100 a 337 horas de frio abaixo de 7oC, e de 296 a 682 horas abaixo de 10oC, respectivamente nas regiões do Baixo Vale do Uruguai e Planalto Superior – Serra do Nordeste. Os resultados comparativos de horas de frio nas estações de outono e primavera foram semelhantes nas diferentes regiões ecoclimáticas. No verão foi verificado um baixo número de horas de frio, e apenas para temperatura abaixo de 10oC.