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Resumo Os Distúrbios Ondulatórios de Leste (DOLs) são um dos principais sistemas meteorológicos que atuam no leste do Nordeste do Brasil (NEB) entre maio e julho. O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar os impactos das diferentes técnicas de nudging na simulação de DOLs utilizando o modelo regional Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) a partir de três diferentes tipos de simulação, alternando entre elas diversas possibilidades do uso desta técnica: (1) utilizando o nuding de forma desligada (WRF-DF), (2) usando a técnica Analysis Nuding (WRF-AN), e (3) usando a técnica Spectral Nudging (WRF-SN). As variáveis analisadas foram a precipitação e o vento de dois episódios de DOLs que atingiram o NEB entre os dias 12 e 14 de junho de 2019. Os resultados foram comparados à reanálise do ERA-Interim e imagens dos satélites GOES 16 e METEOSAT 10. De acordo com os resultados, a simulação WRF-SN representou melhor a terceira e quarta onda dos eventos estudados, enquanto a simulação WRF-AN descreveu melhor a distribuição espaço-temporal da precipitação. A simulação WRF-DF apresentou resultados similares aos da WRF-SN. Isso indica que a utilização da técnica Spectral Nudging, apenas acima da camada limite planetária (CLP), não influencia de maneira expressiva o comportamento dos ventos ou o número de onda escolhido não é adequado para estudar os DOLs. Já a simulação WRF-AN apresentou resultados semelhantes ao da reanálise do ERA-Interim, podendo estar relacionado ao coeficiente de nudging escolhido.

A practical problem in automation systems modeling is the choice between a fully hybrid approach and the fluidization of some parts conserving the general discrete event approach. This paper explores the approach based on specific hybrid parts into a discrete event system using a unified Petri nets environment called GHENeSys (General Hierarchical Enhanced Net System), which follows the ISO/IEC 15909 standard and includes extensions such as hierarchy and time concepts. Then, a design method based on GHENeSys Timed Hybrid Petri Net (GTHPN) technique is proposed to model these hybrid parts. GHENeSys subnets are associated with macro-places and help to control combinatorial explosion and has extended arcs to guarantee the GTHPN applicability to practical cases. All resulting models of the approach proposed could also benefit from an easier conversion to PLC programs in IEC 61131 representation. A case study is presented for producing constructive blocks showing the advantages of the current proposition.

PURPOSE: To investigate the protective effect of pentoxifylline against the lung injury observed after intestinal ischemia (I) followed by a period of reperfusion (R). METHODS: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were equally divided into 4 experimental groups and operated under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. (1) Sham: falsely-operated animals; (2) SS+IR: intestinal ischemia was accomplished by clipping the superior mesenteric artery during 60 minutes, with an administration of a standard volume of saline solution (SS) 5 min before the end of the ischemia period; the clip was then releases or a 120-min period of reperfusion; (3) I+PTX+R: ischemia as above, PTX was administered (25 mg/kg) and the gut reperfused as above; (4) PTX+I+PTX+R: Five minutes before arterial occlusion PTX was administered; the superior mesenteric artery was then clipped for 60 minutes. After 55-min ischemia, an additional dosis of PTX was administered; the clip was removed for reperfusion as above. At the 60th min of reperfusion a third dosis of PTX was administered. RESULTS: PTX markedly attenuated lung injury as manifested by significant decreases (all POBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos protetores da pentoxifilina (PTX) na lesão pulmonar observada após isquemia (I) seguida de reperfusão (R) intestinal. MÉTODOS: Vinte e oito ratos machos foram divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos experimentais e operados sobre anestesia quetamina-xilazina. (1) Sham: animais falsamente operados; (2) SS+IR: isquemia intestinal realizada pelo clampeamento da artéria mesentérica superior durante 60 minutos, com a administração de solução salina (SS) 5 minutos antes do período de isquemia, após a retirada do clamp houve a reperfusão por mais 120 minutos; (3) I+PTX+R: isquemia como mencionado anteriormente seguida da administração de PTX (25 mg/Kg) 5 minutos antes do final da isquemia (60 minutos) seguida de reperfusão por mais 120 minutos; (4) PTX+I+PTX+R: 5 minutos antes da isquemia foi administrado PTX, após 55 minutos de isquemia foi administrado outra dose de PTX e a reperfusão mantida por mais 120 minutos, sendo que aos 60 minutos da reperfusão outra dose de PTX foi administrada. RESULTADOS: A pentoxifilina reduziu os marcadores de lesão pulmonar (proteínas totais, malondialdeído, atividade da mieloperoxidase e fator de necrose tumoral) quando comparada com o grupo não tratado (P

The budgetary system is an administrative tool that facilitates the activities integration through the planning and control of the organization many areas. This article objectifies to identify the structure and the main methods used for budgets elaboration in the technology companies of Florianópolis. The study was carried through an exploratory, descriptive, bibliographical and quantitative research. The dices were collected by a questionnaire with closed questions directed to a population composed for 24 technology companies of Florianópolis, registered for the Industries Federacy of the State of Santa Catarina - FIESC. It was observed that the majority of the companies do not present the systemize structure of budgetary system, in which are projected all the budgetary parts pertaining to the processes organization. It can also be detached that the main projection method of the considered items for the budgetary parts elaboration is constituted by the historical dices readjustment. It was evidenced that the participation in the budget elaboration decision is formed in its majority for the high administration and that the used technological resources for the budgets development are composed, mainly, for electronic spread sheets.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive disorder that affects the musculature leading to debility and excessive weakness. This study describes an occupational therapy intervention in a child suffering of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.The intervention sought to prevent the functional inactivity caused by the progressive aggravation process, mainly of the motor coordination, which sometimes causes emotional damage, social isolation, cognitive deficit and family dysfunction, thus aiming to reach a healthy occupational performance. In the initial assessment, the child presented compensatory movements and posture- including roam,difficulty to perform postural changes and poor global motor coordination, but no difficulty in fine-motor coordination as well as in uni/bimanual and prehension functions. Regarding the cognitive aspects, the child showed learning difficulties and was interested only in toys that were inadequate for the age.The main therapeutic goals focused on the performance of occupations related to the activities of daily living (ADLs), playing, education and participation. The treatment occurred from August to November 2007 and from May to July 2009, once a week, 45 minutes in average. As Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive disorder, some difficulties in walking, standing and keeping the adequate feet positioning intensified, leading to the necessity of using a wheelchair. However,along the treatment, it was possible to notice some adjustment in the playing, motivation in social participation,adequacy to the school environment that enabled progress in this area, as well as more independence in the ADLs, improving the quality of life of the child and the child's family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of pentoxifylline against the lung injury observed after intestinal ischemia (I) followed by a period of reperfusion (R)., Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were equally divided into 4 experimental groups and operated under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. (1) Sham: falsely-operated animals; (2) SS+IR: intestinal ischemia was accomplished by clipping the superior mesenteric artery during 60 minutes, with an administration of a standard volume of saline solution (SS) 5 min before the end of the ischemia period; the clip was then releases or a 120-min period of reperfusion; (3) I+PTX+R: ischemia as above, PTX was administered (25 mg/kg) and the gut reperfused as above; (4) PTX+I+PTX+R: Five minutes before arterial occlusion PTX was administered; the superior mesenteric artery was then clipped for 60 minutes. After 55-min ischemia, an additional dosis of PTX was administered; the clip was removed for reperfusion as above. At the 60th min of reperfusion a third dosis of PTX was administered., Results: PTX markedly attenuated lung injury as manifested by significant decreases (all P<0.001 as compared with the SS+IR group) of pulmonary wet/dry tissue weight ratio, total protein content, myeloperoxidase activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Moreover, it was apparent that in the group PTX+I+PTX+R the improvements have been even more significant., Conclusion: PTX exerted a protective effect on the lung from the injuries caused by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion.

In order to improve the identification and quantity determination of chromium in biological material the conditions for obtaining chromium chelate were studied. The method used for this purpose was gas chromatography standardized by isotopic dilution (Cr-51) technique. The results showed the adequacy of the method concerning sensitivity and standardization.