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In this article, we propose an interactive visualization method for motor design. We have proposed a visualization system for education using augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). As a further development of this, we are working on motor design as an industrial application. There are two issues in achieving high-speed interactivity. One is a fast mesh modification method in finite element analysis, and the other is a fast solving method. We propose a high-speed mesh modification method that utilizes regularly arranged grid points and coordinate transformation. In the proposed design system, the user can immediately observe the analysis result of the design change. Furthermore, if the proposed system is executed in cooperation with the projector, designers can change the design of the motor with their fingers and discuss it on the board. Furthermore, since this system can be executed on a Web browser, it can also be executed on a smartphone or tablet PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The finite-element analysis is widely used in design stage of electromagnetic apparatuses. The analysis accuracy depends on the characteristics of the finite-element mesh, e.g., number of nodes, number of elements and shape of elements. Recently, the adaptive finite-element analysis is one of the most promising numerical analysis techniques. In process of the adaptive finite-element method, the error evaluation is one of the important schemes. In this paper, a new error evaluation scheme, which is suitable for electromagnetic problems, is proposed. The proposed error evaluation method is then applied to two-dimensional and three-dimensional magnetostatic field problems for its verification. Index Terms--Adaptive finite-element analysis, adaptive meshing, electromagnetic problem, error evaluation.

We have previously been proposed a novel adaptive finite-element method (FEM) based on a magnetic field conservation indicator and a non-conforming mesh-refinement technique. However, we have applied to a very simple model consisting of a single permanent magnet for basic verification of the proposed method. In this paper, we have improved an error indicator, and tried to apply a newly proposed adaptive FEM to more complicated models, where ferromagnetic material is included. The newly proposed method is superior in torque error estimation to the Zienkiewicz-Zhu error estimation method in a 3-D permanent magnet motor model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An immersive real-time visualization system of 3-D magnetic field for educational purposes is presented. This immersive visualization system is based on augmented reality technology. The proposed system provides observation of a magnetic field distribution and its stereoscopic vision in 3-D space using head mounted display. To improve the visualization capabilities, a new real-time method for drawing magnetic flux lines in 3-D space is developed and presented in this paper. It enables a user to easily observe and grasp a magnetic field generated by multiple sources (e.g., magnets and/or multiple coils) in an augmented 3-D space. Additionally, it permits a user to freely and interactively move the magnetic sources within the visualization space and to observe the magnetic fields interference in real-time. As a result, one can intuitively and easy visualize, observe and grasp the magnetic field even in 3-D space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesh quality strongly affects the solution accuracy in electromagnetic finite-element analysis. Hence, the realization of adequate mesh generation becomes a very important task. Several adaptive meshing methods for automatic adjustments of the mesh density in accordance with the shape and complexity of the analyzed problem have been proposed. However, the most of them are not enough robust, some are quite laborious and could not be universally used for adaptive meshing of complex analysis models. In this paper, a new adaptive mesh refinement method based on magnetic field conservation at the border between finite elements is proposed. The proposed error estimation method provides easy mesh refinements, and generates smaller element within regions with large curvature of the magnetic flux lines. The proposed adaptive mesh refinement method based on non-conforming edge finite elements, which could avoid generation of flat or ill-shaped elements, was applied to a simple magnetostatic permanent magnet model. To confirm the validity and accuracy, the obtained results were compared with those obtained by means of the Zienkiewicz–Zhu (ZZ) error estimator. The results show that the computational error using the proposed method was reduced down to 1% compared with that of the ZZ method, which yields error of 8.6%, for the same model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose an economically efficient optimal design method of different-size interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors to maximize their efficiency. Since the homothetic shape is used, the optimization design is, at once, performed. The use of the commonalized design can reduce the productive costs. Game theory is employed as an optimization method. The game theory can simultaneously increase the efficiency of all the IPM motors with the common and homothetic shape. So far, there are no previous reports considering both the economical efficiency and the motor performance simultaneously. Therefore, the proposed optimal design method of the commonalized different-size IPM motors using the game theory method achieves a high electrical efficiency in addition to the economical efficiency due to design optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The optimization method is often used for designing the configuration of electromagnetic apparatuses in order to enhance performance. Many optimal design methods have been developed and popularized. However, most of the optimal design methods can only take into account a single objective function. Therefore, when the problem has a few purposes, a weighted summed objective function is usually employed. Recently, we have proposed a new method, taking into account the multiple purposes simultaneously and individually. The proposed method can select one rational solution from among the Pareto optima, based on the game theory. However, the meaning of the selected rational solution is unclear. Therefore, the meaning is investigated by calculating the weight parameters of the weighted summed objective function so that the optimal solution of the weighted summed objective function is identical to the rational solution of the game theory. We can intuit the meaning of the rational solution by comparing the weight parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Usually, multiple objectives have to be considered when an electromagnetic apparatus is optimally designed. In such a multipurposed optimal design problem many solutions exist and are termed Pareto optimum. Hence, we have previously proposed a multipurposed optimal design method based on a game theory. The proposed method can choose one rational solution from Pareto optima. It is, however, unconfirmed what the signification of the chosen rational solution is. Therefore, the signification is investigated by calculating the weight parameters of a weighted summed objective function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a real-time visualization system utilizing Augmented Reality Technology for electromagnetics education. It gives an image of magnetic field generated by a bar magnet with a piece of iron in real-time, however the bar magnet and the piece of iron are represented by mock ones. In the newly proposed visualization system, these mocks are captured by a web camera, and mesh needed in the calculation of magnetic field is deformed. Subsequently, a finite element analysis is carried out in very short time and then the magnetic field is immediately visualized. Thereby, it is, in real-time, observable that magnetic flux lines generated by the bar magnet are attracted to a piece of iron. Moreover, when a user moves the mocks, the magnetic flux lines are immediately depicted according to the position of the mocks. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

For the purpose of developing a novel ablation therapy for oral cancer, the heat generation and transfer properties of a Ti-coated carbon steel rod with 20-mm length and 1.8-mm outer diameter were investigated by means of a high-frequency induction technique at 300 kHz. The heat generation measurement performed using water (15 mL) revealed that the difference of the inclination angles (θ = 0°, 45° and 90°) relative to the magnetic flux direction only slightly affects the heating behavior, exhibiting the overlapped temperature curves during an induction time of 1200 s. These results suggest that the effect of the shape magnetic anisotropy is almost eliminated, being convenient for the precise control of the ablation temperature in clinical use. In the experiments utilizing a tissue-mimicking phantom, the heat transfer concentrically occurred in the lateral direction for both the planar surface and a 10-mm deep cross-section. However, the former exhibited a considerably lower increase in temperature (ΔT), probably due to the effect of heat dissipation to the ambient air. No significant heat transfer was found to occur to the lower side of the inserted Ti-coated carbon steel rod, which is situated in the longitudinal direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To develop a novel ablation therapy for human solid cancer, the heating properties of a ferromagnetic carbon steel rod and a prototype Ti-coated needle using this carbon steel rod, were investigated in several high-frequency outputs at 300 kHz. In the former, the heating property was drastically different among the three inclination angles (θ = 0°, 45° and 90°) relative to the magnetic flux direction as a result of the shape magnetic anisotropy. However, the effect of the inclination angles was completely eliminated in the latter. It is considered that the complete non-oriented heating property relative to the magnetic flux direction allows the precise control of the ablation temperature during minimally invasive thermotherapy without a lead-wire connected to a fiber-optic thermometer. This newly designed Ti-coated device will be suitable for clinical use combined with its superior biocompatibility for ablation treatments using high-frequency induction heating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In electromagnetics education, it is important for beginners, who start to learn electromagnetics, to give an illustration of magnetic field. In this paper we propose a new real-time visualization system. It can visualize a composite image of source materials and their generated magnetic field utilizing the Augmented Reality technique to the users. With this real-time visualization system, electromagnetics learners can observe the visualized magnetic field as a realistic magnetic distribution on real-time and the visualized field changes immediately they move the objects. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

To solve electromagnetic field problems by the finite element method, it is necessary for a user to make a mesh in preprocess. However, the made mesh is usually different from that made by the other users, since it depends on the user's experience and knowledge. The mesh strongly affects the accuracy of the analysis result. The adaptive finite element method has been researched in order to address this problem. In this paper, we propose a new mesh generation method utilizing magnetic flux lines in two-dimensional electromagnetic field problem. Utilizing the magnetic flux lines computed with a rough mesh, it is possible to distribute elements with different densities suitable for the electromagnetic field distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Permanent magnet motors have been widely used. In recent years, from the point of view of energy saving, it is required to improve the efficiency of permanent magnet motors by applying an optimal design method. In this paper, we propose an adjusting technique of the supply voltage of permanent magnet motor when carrying out the optimal design by adopting voltage driven finite element method and genetic algorithm. In calculation for the optimal design, it is difficult to keep a desirable balance of the supply voltage and the induced electromotive force. By using the proposed method, the supply voltage is appropriately decided to generate the rated torque. Owing to adopting this adjusting technique, the computation time for the optimal design can be reduced and the solution can escape from local minima because the needless computations can be drastically reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]