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Strong collaborative partnerships between teachers and researchers who are interested in enhancing the outcomes of students with disabilities have the potential to improve student outcomes, facilitating a wave of student success. Teachers and researchers share their unique expertise in this collaborative partnership in order to understand student needs, outline research-based/evidence-based practices to address those needs and implement strategies with fidelity in the classroom. Critical factors in these partnerships include tenets of implementation science (exploration, installation, initial implementation, full implementation), collaboration, effective planning, and practice-based professional development. This article proposes a conceptual framework and examples of how to build a collaborative practice through the SURF model. Responsibilities within these partnerships and a four-step process are proposed. Guidelines for future collaborations are discussed to ensure that quality intervention research in special education is achieved.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review quality benchmarks from hearing screening programs conducted at local Head Start centers and preschool and elementary schools associated with our university training programs. Method: Hearing screening results from 6,043 children were reviewed. Hearing screening was accomplished using either distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) at Head Start centers, pure-tone audiometry at preschool and elementary schools, and tympanometry at all settings. All children who did not pass the initial screening were screened a second time. Referrals were made if a child did not pass the automated DPOAE pass criteria for one ear, failed at least one pure-tone frequency for one ear, or had abnormal tympanometry in one ear. Results: Refer rates were 10.9% for DPOAEs and 11.4% for pure-tone audiometry and tympanometry, with an overall refer rate of 11%. Conclusions: Our hearing screening program review yielded refer rates that are similar to other published reports for this population. Presently, there are no published target refer rates for hearing screening programs in preschool and elementary schools. Although we were not able to complete other program quality benchmark indicators including sensitivity and specificity, these data may support benchmarks for other hearing screening programs.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based methods are revolutionizing biology. Their prevalence requires biologists to be increasingly knowledgeable about computational methods to manage the enormous scale of data. As such, early introduction to NGS analysis and conceptual connection to wet-lab experiments is crucial for training young scientists. However, significant challenges impede the introduction of these methods into the undergraduate classroom, including the need for specialized computer programs and knowledge of computer coding. Here, we describe a semester-long, course-based undergraduate research experience at a liberal arts college combining RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis with student-driven, wet-lab experiments to investigate plant responses to light. Students derived hypotheses based on analysis of RNA-seq data and designed follow-up studies of gene expression and plant growth. Our assessments indicate that students acquired knowledge of big data analysis and computer coding; however, earlier exposure to computational methods may be beneficial. Our course requires minimal prior knowledge of plant biology, is easy to replicate, and can be modified to a shorter, directed-inquiry module. This framework promotes exploration of the links between gene expression and phenotype using examples that are clear and tractable and improves computational skills and bioinformatics self-efficacy to prepare students for the "big data" era of modern biology.

Inductors and transformers (here referred to as power components) for modern AC/DC switching power supplies require magnetic materials that have high power density and efficiency at high frequencies, with high magnetic saturation, low coercivity, and multi‐micrometer thicknesses to increase magnetic energy storage and power handling. Rather than using a single‐phase magnetic material in a polymer‐based composite, a composite formed from two magnetic phases (such as a 0‐3 nanocomposite) can simultaneously achieve all of the listed requirements and benefit from contributions by both the zero‐ and three‐dimensional phases to the magnetic properties. The fabrication of 0‐3 magnetic nanocomposites for power component applications requires a method to deposit magnetic nanoparticles into thick, physically stable yet porous films, and a subsequent method for infiltrating the magnetic nanoparticle film with another magnetic material. Here, the deposition of magnetic nanoparticles into micron‐thick films using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is discussed. This is described along with a new method, to improve upon traditional EPD methods by increasing film–substrate interactions with chelating agents, therefore increasing film stability. Next, the use of electro‐infiltration for fully incorporating a secondary magnetic material within the nanoparticle film is presented, showing the cumulative fabrication process with the addition of a multilayered nanocomposite fabrication technique for increasing overall nanocomposite thickness. The subsequent cross‐sectional and magnetic characterization of the fabricated 0‐3 nanocomposites is also shown. Finally, future directions for 0‐3 magnetic nanocomposites are offered, with emphasis on potential materials synthesis techniques and on translating knowledge beyond power component applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Reindeer are becoming popular animals within petting farms. Few case reports describe the sedation of domesticated reindeer, but none describe the use of ocular local anesthetic blocks in this species. Case Description: A 9-year-old, female, Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) presenting for removal of a squamous cell carcinoma involving the third eyelid. Standing sedation was performed using initial boluses of medetomidine and butorphanol via intramuscular injection before catheter placement and maintenance with a variable rate infusion of medetomidine. Supraorbital, auriculopalpebral, infratrochlear blocks and local infiltration of the base of the third eyelid were performed using mepivacaine. Following the surgical removal of the third eyelid, atipamazole was administered intramuscularly to antagonize the effects of medetomidine. The patient recovered without complications. Conclusion: Medetomidine-butorphanol in combination with local anesthetic blocks provided a sufficient plane of sedation and analgesia for extra ocular surgery in a domesticated reindeer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expressive writing is important for school and life success, but remains challenging for many students with emotional and behavioral disabilities. Emerging evidence reveals promise for teaching students with learning and behavioral issues to improve written expression with self-regulated strategy development instruction. In that research, students are taught to criterion performance (e.g., demonstrating mastery performance for each lesson) for instructional periods sometimes as long as 50 days (see Mastropieri et al., 2009). What is unknown, however, is given the more limited time constraints within a school setting, whether students with emotional disabilities, many with comorbidity, can successfully improve within a school's allocated time for teaching persuasive essays. The current study used a waitlist comparison condition and randomly assigned 32 eighth graders to either an immediate intervention or a waitlist delayed intervention condition during which an organizational and planning strategy for writing persuasive essays was taught. Findings revealed students were able to successfully learn and apply the strategy within a reduced time period as evidenced by statistically significant higher quality essays that contained more essay elements, words, sentences, and transition words. Student interviews revealed positive attitudes toward instruction and strategy use. Two months following posttesting, surprise maintenance measures were administered that yielded equivocal results suggesting periodic review sessions may be appropriate. Implications for the classroom practice are discussed.

Materials with high magnetoelectric coupling are attractive for use in engineered multiferroic heterostructures with applications such as ultra-low power magnetic sensors, parametric inductors, and non-volatile random-access memory devices. Iron--cobalt alloys exhibit both high magnetostriction and high saturation magnetization that are required for achieving significantly higher magnetoelectric coupling. We report on sputter-deposited (Fe0.5Co0.5)1-xHfx (x =0 - 0.14) alloy thin films and the beneficial influence of Hafnium alloying on the magnetic and magnetostrictive properties. We found that co-sputtering Hf results in the realization of the peening mechanism that drives film stress from highly tensile to slightly compressive. Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction along with vibrating sample magnetometry show reduction in coercivity with Hf alloying that is correlated with reduced grain size and low film stress. We demonstrate a crossover from tensile to compressive stress at x ~0.09 while maintaining a high magnetostriction of 50 ppm and a low coercive field of 1.1 Oe. These characteristics appear to be related to the amorphous nature of the film at higher Hf alloying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multiple-baseline design study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of strategy instruction in persuasive writing with eighth-grade students who attended a public day school for students with severe emotional and behavior disabilities. Students were taught to plan and write persuasive essays using the Self-Regulated Strategy Development model. Following mastery of the strategy, students were taught to apply the learned strategy to write fluently in 10 min. After more than 4 months of instruction, findings indicated that all students had mastered the components of effective persuasive essay writing and increased from baseline to post instruction and fluency phases in length and quality of essays. Effects were also noted on maintenance and generalization essay probes administered over 11.5 weeks after fluency testing. Observed on-task behavior was significantly correlated with a number of fluency, maintenance, and generalization outcomes. Implications for teaching and further research are discussed. (Contains 4 tables and 6 figures.)

The field of cell and gene therapy (CGT) is maturing at a rapid rate. Manufacturing remains a major challenge and manufacturing failures and limitations are a notable source of CGT products not meeting specification or being held back from regulatory approvals. To ensure that products remain compliant and competitive throughout their lifecycle, CGT process development requires both ongoing advancement of fit‐for‐purpose technologies to allow for and support well‐designed development studies, and a methodology that enables these studies to occur effectively during focused product development campaigns. We describe a framework for ongoing innovation in CGT process development, manufacturing, and clinical testing, based on the quality by design (QbD) approach. We propose use of the concepts of process discovery, process characterization, and process development in an iterative way to refine the design space as a product matures. This strategy is enabled by the early implementation of broad and robust analytics, and a modular approach to accelerate optimization. With these strategies, CGT developers can prospectively plan for comparability studies and develop in a stage‐appropriate manner, to allow for ongoing innovation and improvements from discovery through to commercialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stretchable electronics have seen an increase in interest for applications in medicine, sensing, and robotics. Current stretchable materials are either intrinsically stretchable, are patterned into stretchable architectures, or are made by forming a composite of some stretchable material and a rigid material with some desired property, such as high conductivity. However, there is a lack of stretchable magnetic materials available in the literature, and devices that combine stretchability and magnetics are limited to using serial fabrication processes such as embedding millimeter scale pieces of magnet into polymer matrices. In this work, a stretchable composite hard magnetic ink made by mixing barium hexaferrite nanoparticles with 9510 one-part epoxy potting compound and di(propylene glycol)methyl ether is presented. Using screen printing methods, the ink is then used to fabricate a magnetic strain sensor, which acts as a proof-of-concept for the material and process. Results indicate that a stretchable hard magnetic ink can be made that provides a remnant magnetization of 20 kA m−1 from the barium hexaferrite particle inclusions, as well as a stretchability of at least 100% strain from the epoxy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For modern switching power supplies, current bulk magnetic materials, such as ferrites or magnetic metal alloys, cannot provide both low loss and high magnetic saturation to function with both high power density and high efficiency at high frequencies (10-100 MHz). Magnetic nanocomposites comprised of a ferrite and magnetic metal alloy provide the opportunity to achieve these desired magnetic properties, but previously investigated thin-film fabrication techniques have difficulty achieving multi-micrometer film thicknesses which are necessary to provide practical magnetic energy storage and power handling. Here, we present a versatile technique to fabricate thick magnetic nanocomposites via a two-step process, consisting of the electrophoretic deposition of an iron oxide nanoparticle phase into a mold on a substrate, followed by electro-infiltration of a nickel matrix. The deposited films are imaged via scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to identify the presence of iron and nickel, confirming the infiltration of the nickel between the iron oxide nanoparticles. A film thickness of ∼7 μm was measured via stylus profilometry. Further confirmation of successful composite formation is obtained with vibrating sample magnetometry, showing the saturation magnetization value of the composite (473 kA/m) falls between that of the iron oxide nanoparticles (280 kA/m) and the nickel matrix (555 kA/m). These results demonstrate the potential of electrophoretic deposition coupled with electro-infiltration to fabricate magnetic nanocomposite films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic nanocomposites with 0-3 connectivity, whereby a 0D magnetic nanoparticle phase is embedded into a 3D magnetic metal matrix phase, have gained increased interest for use in applications ranging from integrated power inductor cores to exchange-spring magnets. The electro-infiltration process, in which a metal phase is electroplated through a nanoparticle film phase, is an inexpensive approach compatible with semiconductor fabrication methods for the formation of these nanocomposites. Past demonstrations of electro-infiltrated nanocomposites have relied on scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy to evaluate the 0-3 composite structure. However, a detailed investigation of the boundary between the particle and metal matrix phases cannot be performed with these tools, and it is unknown whether the particle/matrix interfaces are dense and void-free. This detail is critical, as the presence of even nanoscale voids would affect any potential magnetic exchange coupling and hence the overall electromagnetic properties of the material. This work seeks to explore the phase boundary of 0-3 magnetic nanocomposite fabricated by electro-infiltration by using scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy to analyze the nanostructure of two different composites—a nickel/iron-oxide composite and a permalloy/iron-oxide composite. High-resolution imaging indicates that the interface between the particle phase and matrix phase is dense and void-free. These results will help guide future studies on the design and implementation of these magnetic nanocomposites for end applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthy Indigenous child development is grounded in Indigenous ways of knowing and being. Attachment theory has been influential in understanding the significance of parenting for infant development in Western science but has focused on child–caregiver bonds predominantly within the parent–child dyad. To bring forth Indigenous perspectives regarding understandings of parenting, the attachment bond, and the well‐being of Indigenous children, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with 28 members of a Northwest tribal community (21 female) in spring and summer 2020. Themes included Community caregiving, Family value systems, Bonding, Traditional teachings, and Historical trauma. The need to expand the lens of attachment theory beyond the dyad is clear. Implications for improving the child welfare system and prevention programs within Indigenous communities are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Very little is known about the impact of parental psychopathology on treatment outcome for youth with conduct problems (CPs) and callous–unemotional (CU) traits. This case study describes behavioral parent training (BPT) for “Amy,” an 11-year-old girl presenting with CP/CU traits who had a mother diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Maternal and paternal reports of child behavior problems and impairments were collected to assess treatment outcome. Weekly ratings of maternal PTSD were also collected to examine changes in maternal psychopathology over the course of BPT. Parent ratings showed that treatment was associated with reductions in oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, conduct disorder (CD) symptoms, and impairment, and with improvements in treatment goal progress. However, the frequency of negative behaviors remained high throughout treatment. Maternal PTSD symptoms remained in the clinical range throughout BPT, but there was some evidence of synchrony between maternal PTSD symptoms and child negative behaviors. These findings highlight the importance of examining parental psychopathology in understanding BPT outcomes for children with CP/CU traits and call for greater attention to addressing child and parent difficulties that may impede improvement in treatment for youth with CP/CU traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Girls with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at high risk of a range of social–emotional difficulties, including peer rejection, suicide attempts, and borderline personality disorder (BPD), which are associated with serious, long-term impairment and have not emerged as clearly in samples of boys with ADHD. BPD is a particularly concerning long-term outcome of ADHD in girls, given the high risk for suicidality and long-lasting relationship difficulties. Very little research has focused on treatment for the interpersonal impairments of girls with ADHD, or on addressing risk for developing BPD. This case study describes the use of behavioral parent training (BPT) with adjunctive social skills training (SST) to address the social–emotional difficulties of a 9-year-old girl, “Violet,” who was diagnosed with ADHD Combined Presentation and was being treated with medication for anxiety. Violet presented with many social difficulties, including low self-esteem, emotional dysregulation, and unstable relationships, which were conceptualized as borderline personality features (BPF). Treatment was associated with improvements in parent functioning, including reductions in caregiver strain and inconsistent discipline, as well as improvements in child functioning, including reductions in ADHD symptoms, a range of impairments, and BPF. This case study illustrates the benefit of a brief psychosocial intervention in reducing multiple indices of interpersonal impairment, including BPF, for a girl with ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article demonstrates the continued prevalence of traditional, heteronormative practices regarding marriage and naming practices in Britain, and also considers the complex choices made by same-sex couples who marry in relation to whether there are any benefits in changing their surname. The study draws on data from an online survey of 1,000 UK respondents, and reveals that it continues to be viewed as more 'normal' for a woman to take her husband's surname in a heterosexual union than for her to make any other choice. While other options (such as the woman retaining the surname given to her by her parents, for instance) are often considered in relation to heterosexual marriage, these continue to be seen as a deviation from the norm. We find that the role of tradition is critical to heterosexual women's decisions over what to do with their surname, whether they follow the culturally expected route or consciously deviate from it. Same-sex couples are broadly perceived to have comparably more freedom than heterosexuals regarding their names, and here we analyse whether this is the case. Through qualitative critical analysis of the discursive responses of those completing our survey, and some quantitative discussion of the data, we demonstrate that heteronormative assumptions about a woman's role in a heterosexual relationship have continued salience and that this leads to a conscious and often difficult negotiation of her own identity as both an individual and a wife. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide an exemplification of the way that the discursive approach can work in relation to the analysis of data. As such, it argues for the validity of the discursive approach to politeness. Because the discursive approach has been seen as difficult to employ in the analysis of data, in recent years, there has been a proliferation of research returning to Brown and Levinson's approach. Although discursive approaches to politeness have functioned successfully as a critique of Brown and Levinson's work, they are not seen as a means of analyzing politeness and impoliteness in their own right. By tracing the development of the discursive approach to politeness, and by addressing the critiques that there have been, we argue that although the critical role of the discursive approach is paramount to the development of the field, discursive approaches are more than just a critique, and should be seen as constituting an approach to the analysis of politeness as well. As a case in point, we illustrate what a discursive approach consists of through analyzing an intercultural interaction between a group of close friends of Dutch and Italian origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study regarding mineralogy and petrology of native-iron basalts from Northern Siberia in Russia. The study revealed that native iron basalts of Siberia also minerals that are common for meteorites, including kamacite, cohenite and troilite, and other platinum-group elements. Also mentioned are finding of petrological and mineralogical analyses, which include composition of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase in the basalts.

This paper examines the conventional linguistic practices involved in everyday hospitality situations. We compare offers in Arabic and English and, rather than focusing on the differences between the ways interactants in these two cultures make offers, we challenge the notion that offering is in essence differently handled in the two languages. We argue instead that we should focus just as much on the similarities between the ways offers are made, since no two cultural/linguistic groups are diametrically opposed. Furthermore, no cultural or linguistic group can be argued to be homogeneous. Through a detailed analysis of four naturally occurring hospitality encounters, we explore the nature and sequencing of offering and receiving hospitality in each cultural community and discuss the extent to which offers and refusals are conventionalized in each language. In this way we hope to develop a more contextual discursive approach to cross-cultural politeness research. Drawing on Spencer-Oatey's notion of sociality face, we examine the conventions for being hospitable in order to appear sincere. A qualitative analysis of the data reveals that, while there are similarities in offering behaviour in both English and Arabic, in Arabic, the interactional moves of insisting and refusing are slightly more conventionalized. This however does not constitute a radical difference between the offering norms of these two cultural groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the linguistic and discursive elements which contribute to the production of implicit homophobia. Explicit homophobia has been well documented and strategies for countering discriminatory language have been developed (Baker 2014, Leap 2012). However, our interest here is in documenting implicit homophobia, where homophobic beliefs are only hinted at, are disassociated from the speaker, or are embedded within discursive and argument structures. We decided to analyse the debate in the media around the introduction of equal or same-sex marriage legislation in the UK. We focused our analysis on a series of radio programmes on BBC Radio 4, The Moral Maze (2011-- 2012), where the issue of same-sex marriage was debated with a team of panelists and invited guests from a range of different organisations. Different perspectives on same-sex marriage were discussed, in a seemingly objective and dispassionate way, where the interactants distanced themselves from homophobic beliefs and yet implicitly subscribed to homophobia. We used an analysis drawing on argumentation structure (Fairclough & Fairclough 2012) and through focusing on stance, recontextualisation, imaginaries, and metaphor, we developed an analysis which made the way that implicit homophobia works more visible. In this way, we hope to foreground implicit homophobia, and develop a linguistic and discursive 'toolkit' which will enable it to be challenged and countered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article engages with the notions of discernment and volition, developed by Ide (1989), in order to consider how the concept which these phenomena describe could be reintroduced into second-wave critical analysis of politeness and impoliteness. It is our contention that these terms have been used in a way which polarizes cultures, so that various East Asian cultures are characterized as 'discernment cultures' whilst Western cultures are seen as 'volitional'. We argue that this polarization is problematic as it does not capture politeness behaviour beyond certain stereotypes, and as such it fails to address the complexities with which a cross-cultural examination of politeness needs to cope. Nevertheless, we believe that the cross-cultural phenomenon which Ide attempted to capture should not be completely ignored. Thus, we reconceptualize the notions of discernment and volition, by focusing on discernment, and we integrate this concept into a framework (Kádár 2013) based on convention and ritual, hence providing a way of using the term discernment in crosscultural (and intercultural) analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]