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A Review of: Fuhr, J. (2022). Developing data services skills in academic libraries. College & Research Libraries, 83(3), 474. https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.83.3.474 Objective – To measure the existing data services skills of academic librarians and gather information on the preferred training programs available to enhance those skill Design – Survey questionnaire. Setting – Libraries in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Subjects – One hundred and twenty respondents who self-identified as providing data services. Most (85%) worked in academic libraries with 7% in hospital libraries, 3% in government libraries and 5% in other types of libraries. Methods – Permission was received from the institution ethics board to administer an incentivized survey. All respondents received a 22-question survey which consisted of a mix of Likert-scale questions, multiple choice, open-ended, and short answer questions. The survey was open for two months, beginning on February 20, 2020. One hundred and twenty responses were collected from librarians. A regression analysis was run for the four-skill set categories: general data services, programming languages and software, library instruction, and soft skills. The four variables measured were: geographic region, percentage of time spent performing data management services, length of time served in the data services role, and overall length of time spent in the library science field. Main Results – The strongest data services skill sets were soft skills and instruction. The weakest skill set was programming languages and software. The more time a librarian spent providing data services, the higher their self-assessed score was for programming languages and software and general data services. Librarians from the United States rated themselves higher than Canadian librarians in data analysis software, data visualization, data mining, programming languages, text editors and project management. Preferred forms of professional development were learning by doing and self-directed learning. Biggest impediments to professional development were lack of time (34%), high cost (28%), and lack of support from administrators and supervisors (26%). Qualitative comments revealed challenges related to a lack of support, a lack of direction, and a lack of defined roles. Conclusion – The survey revealed that additional training and development skills initiatives are necessary for practitioners supporting data services in academic libraries. Academic data librarianship is an emerging field with vaguely articulated roles for the data practitioner in a broad range of settings. Furthermore, the skills and training needed are not clearly defined. The standardization of education, training and the core competencies needed for the mechanics of the roles are challenging to define because of diversity within the field. Libraries embarking on providing data management services need to explore what services their community of researchers needs and plan to equip their staff with appropriate skill sets.

Background/purpose: Leadership behaviors correlate with job satisfaction, which is supposed to have impact on overall organizational performance. This study aimed to establish a model to explain organizational performance by determining the relational effect size between transformational and transactional leadership, job satisfaction, and organizational performance, and to examine the moderating effect of educational context. Materials/methods: Meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) technique was used to determine the effect size of the relationship between transformational and transactional leadership, job satisfaction, and organizational performance. The model-data fit of the models established between these variables was then examined. Correlation coefficients from 25 primary studies were combined according to the random effects model. Results: Analysis showed that significant effect sizes (p < .05) were found between transformational and transactional leadership, job satisfaction, and organizational performance. The model constructed between these variables was found to have a good model-data fit. Transformational and transactional leadership affects employees' job satisfaction, and job satisfaction affects their organizational performance. The primary findings of the study are that employee job satisfaction is a partial mediator of the indirect effect of transformational leadership on organizational performance, and that leadership context does not significantly moderate the effect between these variables. Conclusion: Organizational leaders need to consider the job satisfaction level of their subordinates in order to enhance organizational performance.

A Review of: Crosh, C., Hutton, J., Szumlas, G., Xu, Y., Beck, A., & Riley, C. (2022). Inequities in public library branch access and children’s book circulation in a Midwestern American city. The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI), 6(3), 68-81. https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v6i4.38127 Objective – To explore the impact of the neighbourhood literacy environment (NLE) by examining associations between public library locations, book circulation rates, and neighbourhood racial composition. Design – An ecological study using aggregated data sources. Setting – Forty selected neighbourhood public libraries in the state of Ohio, United States of America. Subjects – Analysis of (1) existing circulation statistics from January 2014 to December 2018 for the neighbourhoods of Cincinnati and Hamilton Public Libraries; and (2) the American Community Survey (ACS) data from 2018. Methods – Among the key components studied for the population was the NLE, which the authors defined as access to literacy materials in a neighbourhood. The data the authors examined for the targeted populations were race, age, poverty level, and library location. The two groups of variables computed were: (1) the connection between circulation rates of children’s books and child poverty; (2) the connection between circulation statistics and the proportion of people who self-identify as Black in the neighbourhood. Additionally, the researchers used the Spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient (rs) to measure the relationships between the correlating variables within each neighbourhood library branch – number of books circulated per child; the census data of children who self-identified as Black; and the children who were designated as 20% below the federal poverty level (FPL). The Chi-square test was used to calculate associations between access to a library branch and child poverty in each neighborhood. In this study, the researchers only looked at the associations between variables at an aggregate level. The authors defined the terms they used in the study: (1) children were ages 0-18 years; (2) children’s books were literature intended for an audience from 0-18 years old; (3) the definition of poverty was taken from the U.S. Census and classified as neighborhoods with 20% of children below the FPL. Main Results – There were 40 library branches that served 81 neighbourhoods, of which there was only a 38% distribution in the high-poverty areas, compared with 58% for the low. Approximately 24 million books were circulated during the 5-year period of 2014 -2018. The median circulation rate per child at the neighbourhood level was 22 books. The results showed steep variations in circulation rates per child across branch locations; the numbers range from 3 to 98 books per child across neighborhoods. The authors indicated that the increases and decreases in the circulation rates were tied to branch location and the area’s socioeconomic status. The primary finding of the data analyzed was a negative correlation between the population identified as Black/African American and lower circulation rates in poorer neighbourhoods. Limitations identified by the authors were (1) the allocation of literacy resources per branch was unknown; (2) the in-library book user statistics in high-poverty neighbourhoods may not be accurately documented; (3) the precise allocations for literacy funds and the use of in-library resources for developing literacy skills need further study. Conclusion – The authors noted that race, economic status, and proximity to public libraries were pertinent factors in understanding inequitable access to books for children in the neighbourhoods studied. The NLE was an important dynamic beyond the home; the availability of books and engagement with them were contributing factors to the development of literacy skills. The associations observed between the variables indicated that improving the NLE matters and libraries must mindfully work to alleviate the disproportionately lower levels of access to books and their unfavorable outcome for children in low-income areas.

A Review of: Mathews, E. (2021). Representational belonging in collections: A comparative study of leading trade publications in architecture. Library Resources & Technical Services, 65(3). https://journals.ala.org/index.php/lrts/article/view/7486 Abstract Objective – To measure how well women are reflected, specifically women of colour, in architectural trade publications. Design – Quantitative diversity audit. Setting – Architecture field. Subjects – Architectural firms whose work appeared in four trade publications (Architectural Record, Architectural Review, l’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, and Detail) in 2019. Methods – A diversity audit was selected to analyze the representation of various subsets of women within the architecture core collections. The Avery index was used to identify architectural firms featured in four trade publications. The quantitative study collected demographic data from 354 firms, featuring 726 women. Within these firms, the author sought to identify women leaders and how many of those were women of colour. The author then used four guiding questions to analyze the journals: (1) individual journals’ coverage; (2) size of the firm; (3) type of firm, and (4) firms which issued a statement in support of the Black Lives Matter Movement and the likelihood of a woman of colour being in a leadership role. Main Results – The key results for the studies guiding questions were: (1) the overall average of women leaders in the firms covered in the journals was 24% and for women of colour 6%. Architectural Record featured the highest proportion of firms with women in leadership roles (28%) and those with women of colour as leaders (9%); (2) women leadership was higher in smaller firms (large 24%; medium 20%; small 31%) as was women of colour in leadership (large 3%; medium 6%; small 9%); (3) insufficient data was found for meaningful analysis of the representation of women according to specialization within the architectural field; and (4) the firms that issued clear BLM statements were highest in the US (15%) overall. Architectural Record, a US publication, featured the highest percentage of firms that made clear BLM statements (27%). Conclusion – The study concluded that there was an underrepresentation of women, women of colour, and Black women in architectural trade publications. The author’s position is that collection development practices should adequately reflect the library users they serve with acquisition actions that increase a more equitable representation. The author stated that the practical implications for this study fall under the rubric of remediation in the following areas: (1) balance inequities in architectural programs by increasing enrollment of women; (2) identify collections which lack inclusivity, balance them with curated electronic resources; and (3) collection policies should reflect readership and encourage a sense of professional belonging. In future studies, the author acknowledges that a qualitative study based on responses from architects would complement the current study.

This study aims to identify factors that can influence students when using the learning management system (LMS) in learning educational pedagogy. The LMS that we mean in this study is Pedagogi.id Platform. The design model in the study uses the UTAUT model. Questionnaires with five UTAUT variables, namely performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition, behavioral intention, and use behavior, were distributed to students at one of the universities in Bandung. Hypothesis testing or data analysis of this study using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach with the help of the SmartPLS application. The results showed that the entire hypothesis was accepted or had a significant influence between variables. The most potent factors shown based on the results of the magnitude of influence are the variables facilitating conditions on student usage behavior and performance expectancy on student behavior intention. Therefore, this study recommends learning by utilizing technology, especially in universities, to improve students' knowledge and skills, one of which is using the Pedagogi.id Platform.

Food production and pharmaceutical synthesis are posited as essential biotechnologies for facilitating human exploration beyond Earth. These technologies not only offer critical green space and food agency to astronauts but also promise to minimize mass and volume requirements through scalable, modular agriculture within closed-loop systems, offering an advantage over traditional bring-along strategies. Despite these benefits, the prevalent model for evaluating such systems exhibits significant limitations. It lacks comprehensive inventory and mass balance analyses for crop cultivation and life support, and fails to consider the complexities introduced by cultivating multiple crop varieties, which is crucial for enhancing food diversity and nutritional value. Here we expand space agriculture modeling to account for nitrogen dependence across an array of crops and demonstrate our model with experimental fitting of parameters. By adding nitrogen limitations, an extended model can account for potential interruptions in feedstock supply. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was used to distill key consequential parameters that may be the focus of future experimental efforts.

The Problem of hisab and ru’yat on its development are not regardless of development Islamic thingking history who much be embellishment of ideology, mazhab or firqah, who present differentiation on opinion who related Islamic law framework especially in Indonesia. The result of understanding different about argumentation normative hisab-ru’yat were think out a differntiation and understanding on the Islamic member of a religious community. This thesis is field research, who has special understanding on construe of Hadis ru’yat al-hilal of Tarekat Syatariah. Interpretation this Hadith of Tarekat Syatariah have different understanding to understand the context of Hadis. Now focus of this research is to know understanding and implementation of Hadith ru’yat al-hilal according to Syatariah scholar Ulakan Padang Pariaman. The result of this research are, First, understanding of hadis ru’yat al-hilal according to Syatariah scolar Ulakan Padang Pariaman is both collaboration of that hadis, because of the first hadis be explanation of the second hadis that are when the moon can’t be seen with the naked eyes because closed of fog or cloud, than word of presuppositioning (faqdurulah) on the first hadis be exclamation of passages of Koran by supplying additional information by Syatariah scholar be completed Sya’ban moon to be 30 days. Second, understanding implementation of Hadis ru’yat al-hilal is with together see new moon (al-hilal) at place who be certained of scolar (Tuangku) from the last time , they are Ulakan beach Padang Pariaman and Koto Tuo Agam. They are see new moon naked eye, although use the modern tools to see it the last judgmen according to them how to see it with naked eye, if it can’t be seen so, the new moon was not visible, although with modern tools to see it, and that not have influenced on determination al-hilal was seem or not. Their jedgment is still on argument if the new moon can’t see with naked eyes, so, al-hilal be evidented not visible and Sya’ban moon be completed to 30 days.

One of the justifiable criticisms of human genetic studies is the underrepresentation of participants from diverse populations. Lack of inclusion must be addressed at-scale to identify causal disease factors and understand the genetic causes of health disparities. We present genome-wide associations for 2068 traits from 635,969 participants in the Department of Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program, a longitudinal study of diverse United States Veterans. Systematic analysis revealed 13,672 genomic risk loci; 1608 were only significant after including non-European populations. Fine-mapping identified causal variants at 6318 signals across 613 traits. One-third (n = 2069) were identified in participants from non-European populations. This reveals a broadly similar genetic architecture across populations, highlights genetic insights gained from underrepresented groups, and presents an extensive atlas of genetic associations.

High-grade neuroendocrine cervical cancers (NETc) are exceedingly rare, highly aggressive tumors. We analyzed 64 NETc tumor samples by whole-exome sequencing (WES). Human papillomavirus DNA was detected in 65.6% (42/64) of the tumors. Recurrent mutations were identified in PIK3CA, KMT2D/MLL2, K-RAS, ARID1A, NOTCH2, and RPL10. The top mutated genes included RB1, ARID1A, PTEN, KMT2D/MLL2, and WDFY3, a gene not yet implicated in NETc. Somatic CNV analysis identified two copy number gains (3q27.1 and 19q13.12) and five copy number losses (1p36.21/5q31.3/6p22.2/9q21.11/11p15.5). Also, gene fusions affecting the ACLY-CRHR1 and PVT1-MYC genes were identified in one of the eight samples subjected to RNA sequencing. To resolve evolutionary history, multiregion WES in NETc admixed with adenocarcinoma cells was performed (i.e., mixed-NETc). Phylogenetic analysis of mixed-NETc demonstrated that adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine elements derive from a common precursor with mutations typical of adenocarcinomas. Over one-third (22/64) of NETc demonstrated a mutator phenotype of C > T at CpG consistent with deficiencies in MBD4, a member of the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Mutations in the PI3K/AMPK pathways were identified in 49/64 samples. We used two patient-derived-xenografts (PDX) (i.e., NET19 and NET21) to evaluate the activity of pan-HER (afatinib), PIK3CA (copanlisib), and ATR (elimusertib) inhibitors, alone and in combination. PDXs harboring alterations in the ERBB2/PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ATR pathway were sensitive to afatinib, copanlisib, and elimusertib (P < 0.001 vs. controls). However, combinations of copanlisib/afatinib and copanlisib/elimusertib were significantly more effective in controlling NETc tumor growth. These findings define the genetic landscape of NETc and suggest that a large subset of these highly lethal malignancies might benefit from existing targeted therapies.

Purpose: Connected speech analysis has been effectively utilized for the diagnosis and disease monitoring of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Existing research has been conducted mostly in monolingual English speakers with a noticeable lack of evidence from bilinguals and non-English speakers, particularly in non-European languages. Using a case study approach, we characterized connected speech profiles of two Bengali--English bilingual speakers with AD to determine the universal features of language impairments in both languages, identify language-specific differences between the languages, and explore language impairment characteristics of the participants with AD in relation to their bilingual language experience. Method: Participants included two Bengali--English bilingual speakers with AD and a group of age-, gender-, education-, and language-matched neurologically healthy controls. Connected speech samples were collected in first language (L1; Bengali) and second language (L2; English) using a novel storytelling task (i.e., Frog, Where Are You?). These samples were analyzed using an augmented quantitative production analysis and correct information unit analyses for productivity, fluency, syntactic and morphosyntactic features, and lexical and semantic characteristics. Results: Irrespective of the language, AD impacted speech productivity (speech rate and fluency) and semantic characteristics in both languages. Unique language-specific differences were noted on syntactic measures (reduced sentence length in Bengali), lexical distribution (fewer pronouns and absence of reduplication in Bengali), and inflectional properties (no difficulties with noun or verb inflections in Bengali). Among the two participants with AD, the individual who showed lower proficiency and usage in L2 (English) demonstrated reduced syntactic complexity and morphosyntactic richness in English. Conclusions: Evidence from these case studies suggests that language impairment features in AD are not universal across languages, particularly in comparison to impairments typically associated with language breakdowns in English. This study underscores the importance of establishing connected speech profiles in AD for non--English-speaking populations, especially for structurally different languages. This would in turn lead to the development of language-specific markers that can facilitate early detection of language deterioration and aid in improving diagnosis of AD in individuals belonging to underserved linguistically diverse populations.