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This introduction to the special edition presents a literature review of scholarship on Justin, demonstrating via his traditional monikers ("Justin Martyr," "Justin of Neapolis," "Justin the Philosopher," and "Justin the Apologist") the need for a fresh treatment, here dubbed "Justin of Rome"—which properly embeds Justin in his imperial setting, encompassing both the literary and historical landscape of the 2d century AD. It teases out connections between the papers that follow and offers a synthesis of the contribution of the special edition, read as a whole, to our understanding not just of this one thinker but of early Christian literature and history more broadly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the ongoing research on the ancient center of Naples, this paper offers an example of the potential of the disciplines of survey and representation that allow to critically manage the role of architecture and urban space as a memory device in the processes of vision and recognition of the image of the city. The main goal of the research, of which a fragment is proposed here, is to recognize the configurative distribution of urban variables, through a discretization approach and multiscalar analysis that, exploiting the potential of a territorial information system, combines cartographic data, images, historical sources and new surveys and representations/visualizations derived from data segmentation and classification approaches.The analysis and documentation activities have been applied to significant elements of the urban structure, such as the intersections of some cardo with the lower decumanus identified by Via Benedetto Croce - via San Biagio dei Librai - via Forcella, particular elements both for shapes and for dimensions. The careful use of UAV allowed the survey of the facades of buildings overlooking the narrow alleys of the ancient city that, in most cases, would be results not surveyed with laser scanning or traditional survey techniques. The successive phases of photomodelling and infographic 2D/3D restituitions have allowed to highlight, through a different approach to the reading of reality, peculiarities and volumetric proportions difficult to perceive by the pedestrian, intent to follow the narrow streets, almost sucked out of them. The post-processing phases, through the experimentation of semantic segmentation algorithms, made it possible to extract the elements and information layers of the image of the stratified city, as well as for the elaboration of drawings on an architectural and detailed scale.DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.29.2022.5

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This article assembles all 'Marsyas of the Forum' depictions appearing on city-coins from the Southern Levant (particularly in the region between Antioch and Alexandria) and examines the reasons for and the importance of their inclusion on the coins. Marsyas was meant to manifest the city's status as a Roman colonia, its Romanitas, and, as I suggest, the wealth the city enjoyed under Roman rule. Of all the colonies in the region, eleven chose to portray Marsyas, with no necessary correlation between Marsyas and ius Italicum. It emerges that the image was immensely popular and diversely represented. Marsyas was shown in a clear civic context: either standing next to Tyche, or before the city's symbols, or within a central structure of the city. These three types of Marsyas's depictions were originated in the region, mainly in Tyre's mint. They indicated the cities' aspiration to publicize themselves as Roman colonies from the east maintaining their local identity. All Marsyas's representations in the region are dated from the time of Septimius Severus onward, even those of colonies granted colonial status prior to the Severan period, including, as I suggest, the coins of Berytus (without the emperor head). The motif was prevalent mostly on coins of emperors who had deep familial bonds in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of CEDRUS is the property of Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we present the results of a multidisciplinary study aimed to reconstruct the Roman coastal landscape between Pizzofalcone hill and Megaris islet—the area of the ancient Parthenope, the first settlement along the Naples coast. This coastal sector was surveyed by a team of specialized divers (archaeologists and geomorphologists) and by using an Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) equipped with acoustic and optical sensors. The indirect surveys provided a high-resolution dataset of morpho-acoustic and optical measurements, useful to obtain the geological, geomorphological and archaeological interpretations necessary to formulate hypotheses on the functionality of the complex submerged archaeological structure detected in the study area. In particular, the integration between the surveyed data, the high-resolution seafloor mapping and the previous knowledge deriving from the 1980s underwater research carried out by Centro Studi Subacquei, led us to interpret the submerged remains as a vivarium related to a 1st century BC Roman villa. Finally, by measuring the submersion of several channels and a well-preserved crepido, a relative sea level during the period of use at −2.2 m ± 0.2 m mean sea level (MSL) was deduced, in agreement with the previous geoarchaeological studies realized in the near coastal sectors.

Since the discovery of the ancient harbor of Naples in 2004 during construction work on an underground railway, geoarchaeological studies undertaken on the archaeological excavation have revealed the main stratigraphic and paleo-environmental levels of the harbor site near the Piazza Municipio. However, knowledge of the dynamics and paleo-environmental changes in the water column of the harbor, as well as the processes of transport and deposition of sediments that led to siltation and infilling of the harbor basin, has been lacking due to the absence of high-resolution data. To fill these gaps, we have undertaken a three-dimensional study (longitudinal, transverse and vertical) of the harbor deposits by carrying out geochemical and sedimentological analyses of four stratigraphic sections of the archaeological excavation. The results show that after a phase of relative calm during the first half of the 1st c. AD, siltation of the harbor progressed exponentially up to the 5th c. AD, when dredging operations were carried out to obtain a water level sufficient for the development of maritime and harbor activities. We attribute this acceleration of siltation to a combination of climatic, anthropic and volcanic factors. Volcanic activity was responsible for a high-energy, tsunami-type event during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. From the 5th c. AD onwards, the harbor basin of Neapolis does not appear to have been functional as evidenced by its transformation into a lagoon following coastal progradation. The last stage of infilling was the development of a flood-dominated fan delta under the combined influences of climatic cooling in the Early Medieval Cool Period and agro-pastoral activities in the catchment area of the harbor. Several generations of paleo-channels, containing flash flood deposits, as well as sheet wash from sheet floods, are indicative of high environmental instability in this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of a sophisticated water distribution system on urban development in Roman times is tested against the impact of Vesuvius volcanic activity, in particular the great eruption of AD 79, on all of the ancient cities of the Bay of Naples (Neapolis). Written accounts on urbanization outside of Rome are scarce and the archaeological record sketchy, especially during the tumultuous fifth and sixth centuries AD when Neapolis became the dominant city in the region. Here we show that isotopic ratios of lead measured on a well-dated sedimentary sequence from Neapolis' harbor covering the first six centuries CE have recorded how the AD 79 eruption was followed by a complete overhaul of Neapolis' water supply network. The Pb isotopic signatures of the sediments further reveal that the previously steady growth of Neapolis' water distribution system ceased during the collapse of the fifth century AD, although vital repairs to this critical infrastructure were still carried out in the aftermath of invasions and volcanic eruptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present the results of a multidisciplinary study aimed to reconstruct the Roman coastal landscape between Pizzofalcone hill and Megaris islet—the area of the ancient Parthenope, the first settlement along the Naples coast. This coastal sector was surveyed by a team of specialized divers (archaeologists and geomorphologists) and by using an Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) equipped with acoustic and optical sensors. The indirect surveys provided a high-resolution dataset of morpho-acoustic and optical measurements, useful to obtain the geological, geomorphological and archaeological interpretations necessary to formulate hypotheses on the functionality of the complex submerged archaeological structure detected in the study area. In particular, the integration between the surveyed data, the high-resolution seafloor mapping and the previous knowledge deriving from the 1980s underwater research carried out by Centro Studi Subacquei, led us to interpret the submerged remains as a vivarium related to a 1st century BC Roman villa. Finally, by measuring the submersion of several channels and a well-preserved crepido, a relative sea level during the period of use at −2.2 m ± 0.2 m mean sea level (MSL) was deduced, in agreement with the previous geoarchaeological studies realized in the near coastal sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]