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This study seeks to elucidate the challenges associated with compensation in marine pollution disputes through the lens of the Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) model. Governed by UUPPLH Number 32 of 2009, polluters are mandated to provide compensation for both affected parties and environmental restoration. However, the implementation of the ADR model in practice has seen polluters compensating only the affected communities, notably fishermen. This research endeavors to develop an ADR legal framework that encapsulates ecological justice, ensuring fairness for both society and the environment. The methodology employed in this study is non-doctrinal legal research, which involves analyzing legal phenomena within their social and cultural context. Findings from this research indicate that pollution disputes in the waters in Cilacap were resolved using the ADR model, with a disproportionate focus on compensating fishing communities. This results in environmental damage due to minimal environmental ADR legal framework grounded in the Polluter Pays principle. Such a framework should encompass legal provisions for environmental prevention, mitigation, and restoration. From a structural perspective, it is imperative to foster integration and connectivity between the community and ministries responsible for addressing marine environmental pollution, to facilitate effective environmental mitigation and restoration efforts. Additionally, in the realm of legal culture, there is a crucial need to cultivate legal awareness among the public regarding environmental conservation and management. This awareness should permeate all levels of society, including business entities, legislative bodies, the government, and law enforcement agencies. A robust legal system is essential for making ADR an equitable mechanism for resolving disputes, benefiting both victims of pollution and the environment.

Positive changes or transformations have been the subject of study within spiritual traditions as well as humanistic and transpersonal psychology. The aim of the current study is to understand the process of transformation among Moslems in Indonesia, who follow spiritual practices, to achieve the nafs al-muṭma ínnah [tranquil self]. Ten participants in Yogyakarta province were involved in this study. They were recruited using nafs al-muṭmaʾinnah scale developed by the authors. In-depth interviews of both the participants and their significant others were conducted. To analyse the data, an interpretative phenomenological analysis was employed. Five themes emerged from the data, including deviation from the basis of religious environment, spiritual discipline, transformative experiences, new characters and a continuous process. We conclude that participants experience spiritual-religious transformation and achieve the state of nafs al-muṭma ínnah [tranquil self]. The process of transformation occurs gradually after a sudden experience, and it continuously happens throughout the course of life. Three factors contribute to the transformation, including the role of predisposition, the role of a spiritual guide and the role of spiritual experiences. Contribution: As the study of spiritual-religious transformation is mainly conducted within a Judea-Christian tradition, this study significantly contributes to the literature by providing spiritual-religious transformation from an Islamic-Sufi perspective.

Hybrid siloxane materials based on a mutually reactive epoxy–amine system are organic-inorganic hybrid materials synthesized via the sol–gel reaction of siloxane precursors, followed by the polymerization of organo-functionalized oligosiloxanes. Therefore, using a new hybrid system as the reaction product resulting from the reaction between 1,3-bis(3-glycidoxypropyl)-l, 1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane—C16H34O5Si2—(gp-DS) and p-phenylenediamine—C6H4(NH2)2—(PPD), an aromatic diamine, was obtained. The chemical structure of the synthesized hybrid siloxane material was confirmed via Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The morphology and surface chemical composition was highlighted via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an EDX elemental analysis system. Further, the thermal stabilities of the prepared hybrid siloxane and its precursors have been investigated via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), proving the modification of epoxy-functional disiloxanes with a paraphenylenediamine reagent that made it possible to produce hybrid siloxane materials with very good thermal stabilities and dual weak hydrophilic/hydrophobic surfaces.

At the end of the 20th century, a new scientific movement emerged in psychology called Islamic Psychology. Islamic psychology emphasizes the view of fitrah (sacred nature) in science. This science began when a book entitled "The Dilemma of Muslim Psychologists" was published, inspired, and awakened Muslim scientists in the world to return to the truth of Islam in psychology. The book was written by Malik Badri, who is known as the Father of Islamic Psychology. Seeing how big the role of Malik Badri in Islamizing psychology is, the researcher wanted to get a clear description of Malik Badri's biography, including the style of thought and the work produced. To get a biographical article, the researcher reviewed the literature/documents about Malik Badri like books, journals, news, and others about Malik Badri’s biography, creation, thought, etc with the design of a narratively qualitative approach. The data collected were analyzed by restorying stories. The result showed that there were so many contributions of Malik Badri for his discipline and also in the world society.

DNA extraction is the first step in obtaining high-concentration and high-purity DNA that can use in the subsequent steps. Because the leaf structure is challenging and contains several secondary metabolites that can affect DNA extraction results, DNA extraction on dry leaves of Dipterocarpaceae is considered problematic. This research aims to find a suitable method for extracting DNA from the preserved Dipterocarpaceae leaves. Preserved leaves of Dipterocarpaceae in silica gel will dry up, making them tough to destroy. Perform DNA extraction is generally using CTAB buffers or extraction kits. According to the results of this study, extraction with modified CTAB buffer result in DNA with higher concentration and purity values than DNA extracted with the kit. DNA isolated from the modified CTAB can be used as a template in the PCR process to amplify the matK gene.

Purbalingga as an industrial area is prone to pollution that has a detrimental impact on society and the environment. It is necessary to find a way that can bring together the parties involved to peacefully resolve environmental disputes. The purpose of this study is to strengthen rembugan as a mediation model for resolving pollution disputes in the old industrial area. This research is qualitative research with a socio-legal approach, by conceptualizing law as non-doctrinal. The results showed that rembugan is a community culture in dispute resolution that reflects the values of local wisdom possessed by the Purbalingga community, namely the attitude of the parties to accept and use consensus methods in dispute resolution. The purpose of rembugan is to achieve harmony and togetherness. The mediator is the Environment Agency (DLH) and Village Head (Kepala Desa). Strengthening rembugan position in the dispute resolution model is supported by Purbalingga community culture, whose characters are honest, free, open, egalitarian, and accepting of consensus. Strengthening rembugan as a mediation model is also supported by government institutions such as village heads and Environment Agency, and is formally regulated in Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning environmental protection and management.

Institutions of higher learning are characterized by multiple, often intersecting, social-educational structures aimed at regulating the conditions by which a degree is ultimately granted. The sequence of courses that students must take for a degree is one such structure. Building on the Sloan Equity and Inclusion in STEM Introductory Courses (SEISMIC) Collaboration’s prior work, we provide a comparative view of students’ pathways through selected curricula at two participating institutions. We apply process analytics to students’ course enrollments as a tool to reveal features of the curricula and the associated impacts on students’ progressions to degree. Given the high enrollment in biology-related degree programs at these institutions, we focus on those and ask two questions: (1) Is the intended progression through the curriculum the one most commonly experienced by the students? and (2) does the maintenance of coherence and socialization into the discipline act in a similar way on individuals of different socio, economic and demographic backgrounds? Curriculum analytics tends to be driven by a reductionist view of its structure. Instead, we view the curriculum as a tool for disciplinary acculturation, revealing aspects of students’ transitions through educational systems not captured by commonly applied course or retention analyses. Curricular structures and the constraints they impose impact the way individual students become members of a scholarly community by acting as a cultural and social homogenizing agent. Across the curricula and institutions in this study, we find that this process results in minoritization, hampering student progression through the curriculum and contributing to disciplinary exclusion in favor of traditionally advantaged socio-demographic groups. We call for curricular restructuring that (1) reduces or alters the depth of the hierarchical course sequences, changing the way progression is established; and (2) encourages adoption of pedagogical approaches in the courses that adapt to the learning community to which they cater; ultimately incorporating an asset-based approach to the acquisition of knowledge inclusive of students’ diversity of backgrounds, experiences, and ways of being.

Objectives. Following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, all health care professionals were forced to change their methods of managing patients who come to the hospital for different diseases. The purpose of our study is to report the experience of this period, regarding: the study of demography in the presentation of facial and maxillary facial fractures, as well as the description of precautions taken and changes in management methods during the treatment of these cases. Materials and Methods. The study was performed in a tertiary care hospital, as a descriptive study on 30 consecutive patients with faciomaxillary trauma admitted to our hospital since the onset of the Covid-19 lockdown. The demographic data and the management protocol of the patient with facial fractures were noted and interpreted. Results. We found that several men suffered maxillofacial injuries as a result of RTA, despite the lockdown. Middle face fractures were the most common that required surgery. Sixteen patients underwent surgery in view of malocclusion and complex facial lacerations. Intra operative important steps were taken to reduce aerosol generation in the form of quick intubation, lower power settings of bipolar cautery and drill, islet application and use of self-drilling screws thereby reducing OT time as well. Post op. minimal malocclusion was seen in 5 (30%) patients who had undergone arch bar application and in 2 (12%) patient who had undergone islet application. Conclusions. Understanding patient demography is crucial for redistribution of hospital resources especially during a pandemic. Adaptable and flexible guidelines are required at every stage to ensure adequate patient treatment as well as limit any cross infection. Proper fixation of all fractures as per universal recommendations should be preferred always.

Heavy metal contaminants like mercury is a serious problem to human, animals, and some plants’ health. Phytoremediation is an alternative technique, which can remediate the contaminants from soil using a hyperaccumulator plant. The goal of this research was to study anatomical changes of plant main organs (roots, stems, and leaves) of Ipomoea reptans which are assumed as a hyperaccumulator plant that grows in mercury contaminant. The mercury concentration of the growth medium was 0, 61.871, 92.258, and 107.046 ppb. Ipomoea reptans were harvested after 27 days. The anatomical changes of the plant’s main organs were observed by preparing the cross-section of roots, stems, and leaves of I. reptans. The result showed that mercury treatment has caused anatomical damage at the xylem vessel of the root, and decreased bulliform cell size. The anatomical damage was found only in the root of I. reptans. The mercury concentration in media decrease to 0 ppb (P0), 50,420 ppb (P1), 58,583 (P2), and 96,120 (P3).

Background: Documentation of the nursing process that has been carried out has an important meaning for every hospital, the lack of documentation will have an impact on the quality of service. Nursing care documentation is a record that contains all information about the client needed to determine the diagnosis, plan, implement, evaluate systematically and confidentially. Objective: To determine the factors that influence the work compliance of nurses in documenting nursing care in the inpatient room of RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya. Methods: The design of this research was descriptive analytic with a quantitative cross sectional study of the population of RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya, totaling 217 nurses with a sample of 70 people. Results: Knowledge factor had no relationship with pain reassessment documentation compliance (p value = 0.510), motivation with performance in the implementation of documentation at Sukadana Hospital (p value = 0.003), 35 respondents had a heavy workload doing incomplete documentation as much as 97.1% , The results showed that the motivational factor was the most influential factor on nurses' work compliance, with an Exp (B) value of 0.167. Conclusion: Nurse motivation is very much needed in the work of nurses because good motivation can foster enthusiasm for work. If someone's motivation is lacking, the enthusiasm to do the work will also decrease because there is no enthusiasm for work.Keywords: knowledge; motivation; workload ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Pendokumentasian proses keperawatan yang telah dilakukan mempunyai arti penting bagi setiap rumah sakit, kurangnya dokumentasi maka akan berdampak pada kualitas pelayanan. Dokumentasi asuhan keperawatan adalah catatan yang memuat seluruh informasi tentang klien yang dibutuhkan untuk menentukan diagnosis, menyusun rencana, implementasi, evaluasi secara sistematis dan rahasia. Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan kerja perawat dalam pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan di ruang rawat inap RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya. Metode: Desain penelitian ini merupakan descriptive analitik dengan kuantitatif cros sectional study populasi RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya yang berjumlah sebanyak 217 perawat dengan sampel 70 orang. Hasil: Faktor pengetahuan tidak memiliki hubungan dengan kepatuhan pendokumentasian reassessment nyeri (nilai p = 0,510), motivasi dengan kinerja dalam pelaksanaan pendokumentasian di RSUD Sukadana (nilai p = 0,003), 35 responden memiliki beban kerja berat melakukan pendokumentasian tidak lengkap sebanyak 97,1%, Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor motivasi merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan kerja perawat, dengan nilai nilai Exp (B) sebesar 0,167. Kesimpulan: Motivasi perawat sangat dibutuhkan dalam pekerjaan perawat karena dengan motivasi yang baik bisa menumbuhkan semangat untuk bekerja. Jika motivasi seseorang kurang maka semangat untuk melakukan pekerjaan tersebut juga akan berkurang karena tidak munculnya semangat kerja.Kata kunci: pengetahuan; motivasi; beban kerja

Objectives: We compared rates of myopericarditis adverse events and evaluated potential risk factors of development. We compared rates of dermatological–neurological adverse events (severe and serious) with other adverse events in a specific population of deployed US military personnel who received or did not receive ACAM2000 vaccine (ie, Vaccinia smallpox live vaccine). Methods: Up to 20,000 military personnel recipients were enrolled in a prospective observational cohort study: up to 15,000 ACAM2000 recipients in cohort 1 and up to 5,000 military personnel who were eligible for ACAM2000 vaccination but were not vaccinated due to recent vaccination or characteristics of their contacts in cohort 2. Enrollment was at a 3:1 ratio, respectively. Serum specimens and data were collected at the initial visit and 10 days later (cf, window of 6–17 days). Study participants with evidence, either clinical or laboratory, of possible myopericarditis were referred to a blinded independent review committee for further evaluation and adjudication. The primary analysis was logistic regression with adjudicated myopericarditis as the dependent variable and age, sex, race, and exercise regimen as the independent variables. Results: Initial data and serum specimens were obtained from 14,667 participants (cohort 1, N = 10,825; cohort 2, N = 3,842). According to protocol, 2 visits were completed by 12,110 participants (cohort 1, N = 8,945; cohort 2, N = 3,165), and 125 participants (cohort 1, N = 111; cohort 2, N = 14) were referred for myopericarditis adjudication, of whom 1 had confirmed myocarditis, 5 had suspected myocarditis, 1 had suspected pericarditis, and 54 (cohort 1, N = 44; cohort 2, N = 10) had subclinical myopericarditis. The unadjusted myopericarditis rates were 5.7 per 1,000 (95% CI, 4.3–7.5) for cohort 1 and 3.2 per 1,000 (95% CI, 1.7–5.8) for cohort 2. The unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios for myopericarditis for cohort 1 and cohort 2 were 1.8 (95% CI, 0.9–3.6) and 1.3 (95% CI, 0.6–2.6), respectively. At least 1 serious adverse event was experienced by 117 participants (1.1%) in cohort 1 and 13 (0.3%) in cohort 2. No serious and severe neurological or dermatological adverse events were reported. Conclusions: ACAM2000 vaccination was associated with a modest but nonsignificant increase in the risk of myopericarditis in this prudently screened, young and healthy service-member population. The adjusted OR was 1.3 and the unadjusted OR was 1.8. Overall, all but 7 cases were subclinical. Citation: Faix DJ, Gordon DM, Perry LN, et al. Prospective safety surveillance study of ACAM2000 smallpox vaccine in deploying military personnel. Vaccine 2020;38:7323–7330.

Available synthetic antioxidants have been reported to have mutagenic and toxic effects. On the other hand, natural antioxidants show their superiority as they are not or less toxic. Passiflora foetida has the potential as an antioxidant, but the investigation of the antioxidant activity of the P. foetida chromatography column fraction has not been reported. This studied aims to investigate the antioxidant activity of the column chromatographic fractions of P. foetida leaves. An antioxidant assay using the DPPH and FRAP methods. The extraction was carried out by graded maceration, then fractionation using column chromatography. The antioxidant activity test was carried out using the DPPH and FRAP methods. Thin Layer Chromatography analysis was performed to determine the chromatogram pattern. The EC50 using DPPH method from n-hexane extract: 129.035 µg/mL, ethyl acetate extract: 206.398 µg/mL, methanol extract: 97.453 µg/mL, while the EC50 using FRAP method from n-hexane extract: 67.851 µg/mL, ethyl acetate extract : 68.981 µg/mL, and methanol extract: 58.787 µg/mL. Column chromatography fractions have antioxidant activity, with FMetPF6 as the fraction with the best activity, with percent inhibition 41.85±1.96 at concentration 25 µg/mL (DPPH), and with percent antioxidant activity 26.03±0.84 at concentration 9 µg/mL (FRAP). Passiflora foetida leaves have great potential as an antioxidant; both the extract and its fractions have antioxidant activity. The FMetPF6 has the best activity compare to other extracts and fractions. Further analysis to determine the various compounds in FMetPF6 using LC-MS/MS will facilitate the active compound's isolation.

This paper tackles the physicochemical characterization of spent coffee grounds resulting from a blend of six types of coffee (Arabica and Robusta) used in different proportions in a professional DeLonghi coffee machine. Information was collected on their particle size distribution, morphological characteristics, composition and energy value. Since it is impossible to make pellets and briquettes out of pure spent coffee grounds that would meet sustainability standards, our paper suggests another use for coffee grounds as firelighters. Several firelighters containing agricultural waste, additives and 100% Arabica spent coffee grounds have been designed and manufactured. The firelighters thus obtained were first analyzed by microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC), a standard test method used to determine the flammability characteristics of materials. The firelighters obtained have high values of heat release capacity, and of the total flow of heat released, as well. The firelight containing coffee grounds also has a lower percentage of residue and a longer duration of the combustion process, which are important aspects considering the practical applications concerned.

This study discusses the implementation of the Polluter Pays Principle in Law Number 32 of 2009 regarding Environmental Management and Protection and relates it to Islamic Law. This research is normative juridical research, a study conducted to find legal rules, legal principles, and legal doctrine in order to address legal issues. This research finds that Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning environmental pollution and destruction contains the Polluter Pays Principle which is indicated by the affirmation that compensation does not only cover environmental restoration measures but also includes providing compensation to victims of pollution. The Law also regulates that responsibility for the perpetrators of pollution is instantaneous at the time of the occurrence of adverse action and not necessarily to be associated with an element of error. The application of this principle is in accordance with the Islamic law principles which explicitly state that environmental damage and pollution are included in actions prohibited by Allah. It's only that Islamic law does not specifically regulate the legal sanctions, but leaves it up to government policy (ta'zir).

Objective This study aimed to evaluate how BLS courses affect primary school students’ knowledge, attitudes, and life support skills; investigate how medical students’ knowledge and competence in teaching BLS can improve by serving as instructors. Methods This experimental study was conducted in a rural primary school. First-year medical students conducted a BLS course for grade 4 and 5 primary school students with a 6–7:1 ratio of trainees-to-trainer. All trainers had completed a BLS course before the course. This 3.5-hour simulation-based course covered chest compressions and automated external defibrillator use. The pre- and post-course assessments included multiple choice questions toward BLS, practical skills test, and attitude test. For medical students, evaluation was conducted by attitude test, both pre- and post-teaching. Results The mean pre- and post-test scores increased from 5.74±0.10 to 9.43±0.13 (P

The evaluation of the properties and characteristics of macromolecular compounds is essential, especially from the point of view of the potential uses of the studied compounds. In this regard, poly(ethylene brassylate-co-squaric acid) (PEBSA) copolymacrolactone was investigated in order to correlate the relationships between the structure of the compounds and the generated properties. The study evaluates the physicochemical characteristics of PEBSA in interdependence with the ratio between comonomers, namely ethylene brassylate (EB) and squaric acid (SA), and the extent to which the structural tunability of the polymers generated by the SA content affects the properties in terms of the thermal stability, dielectric characteristics, and structural properties resulted from X-ray diffraction analysis. A good thermal stability of the copolymers was registered; this behaviour was interdependent with the squaric acid content and attributed to the intermolecular physical bonds achieved through the carbonyl functional groups of SA. The evaluation of the dielectric properties of the copolymers evidenced also the dependence of these characteristics on the SA content. The role of SA in creating self-organized morphologies with specific shapes and sizes was put into evidence by the AFM study. The supramolecular structure of PEBSA induced by the presence of squaric acid through hydrogen bonds interactions and π-stacking was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction. Also, both hydrogen donor and acceptor potential of these copolymers opens increased applicability for these new polymer systems.

The study presents the possibility of covering Ag nanoparticles in solutuon with cellulose with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs)and oxidized cellulose nanofibrils, termed TEMPO (TCNFs)in order to increase their dispersility and stability over time. The chemical composition of the prepared hybrid complexes was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. DLS investigation highlighted the increased stability in time of AgNPs after their covering with cellulose nanofibrils derivatives. Moreover, good results were obtained after covering the AgNPs in solution with TCNFs, a phenomenon explained by the presence of carboxylic groups (introduced during the TEMPO compound formation) capable of supplementary/ additional physical bonds establishment. Optical microscopy images of the hybrid solutions deposited on microscope slides evidenced the modification of the surface morphology films and attested the silver nanoparticle presence. Thus, while the increase of the dispersive stability of AgNPs is achieved, an antimicrobial chaeacter for the cellulose nanofibrils is acquired.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala ruangan dan kepatuhan perawat dalam mencuci tangan dan menggunakan sarung tangan untuk mencegah infeksi nosokomial di Ruang Rawat Inap Bedah dan Penyakit Dalam di BLUD RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Perawat yang menyatakan kepala ruangan memiliki kepemimpinan yang baik sebanyak 85,48%, hanya 14,51% perawat menyatakan cukup dan tidak ada yang menyatakan kurang. Didapatkan p-value 0,011 (0,05), ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan kepala ruangan dengan pencegahan infeksi nosokomial. Tingkat kepatuhan perawat dalam mencuci tangan dan menggunakan sarung tangan dalam melakukan pelayanan keperawatan adalah 95,16% dengan kepatuhan baik, sedangkan 4,48% memiliki kepatuhan kurang. Didapatkan p-value 0,013 (0,05), ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara kepatuhan perawat dengan mencuci tangan dan menggunakan sarung tangan untuk mencegah infeksi nosokomial. Kepemimpinan mendukung peningkatan keselamatan pasien dan perawat dalam penurunan infeksi nosokomial.

Despite of achieving good performance in controlled environment, the conventional 3D face recognition systems still encounter problems in handling the large variations in lighting conditions, facial expression and head pose The humans use the hybrid approach to recognize faces and therefore in this proposed method the human face recognition ability is incorporated by combining global and local information to develop a robust face recognition system.In this papers it is proposed that hybridization of global and local facial features and combination of 2D and 3D modality helps in improving performance of face recognition system. The main issue of existing face recognition systems is the high false accept rate which is not desirable when security is the main concern. Most of the existing face recognition techniques overcome these problems with some constraints. However, the proposed methodology has achieved better results and handled all the three issues successfully. Also the use of 2.5D images (Depth Map) and dimensionality reduced data (Eigen faces) has shown that the system is computationally reasonable.

Context: Fluid resuscitation plays a significant role in burns treatment. Inappropriate resuscitation impacts morbidity and mortality. Urine output (UO), the current gold standard, alone, is not an adequate end point of fluid resuscitation in burns. Hence, we studied the utility of serum lactate levels as a reliable marker and end point of resuscitation. Aims: (a) To understand the role of serum lactate levels in burns as end point in acute burn resuscitation and (b) To assess its sensitivity and specificity. Settings and Design: Tertiary care hospital, urban setting, and cross-sectional study. Subjects and Methods: The study was done from September 2015 to July 2017. Sixty-four patients with thermal burns were included. Serum lactate levels were recorded at arrival, 8 h, 16 h, 24 h, and 48 h interval postburn incident. Hourly UO heart rate and mean arterial pressure were recorded for the outcome measures. Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-square test and nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-test. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: (a) The initial serum lactate levels at presentation were directly proportional to: The total body surface area and percent deep component of burns sustained Delay in starting resuscitation. b.Time taken for serum lactate levels to normalize is directly proportional to initial serum lactate level. At 16 h, serum lactate showed (94%) specificity, (53%) sensitivity, and at 48 h (85%) sensitivity, (44%) specificity. Conclusions: Serum lactate levels can help to monitor the adequacy of fluid resuscitation in burns. Serum lactate and UO, both, should be taken into consideration to determine the end point of resuscitation.

Introduction: Various efforts have been made to improve the self-care management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). One of them is by using a Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSME/S) program. DSME/S produces positive effects in relation to patient behavior and health status. This is a systematic review of randomized controlled trials published where the aim was to evaluate the impact of the DSME/S program in term of biological. psychological and social aspects. Methods: The articles were searched for using the PRISMA approach from within Scopus, Sage Journal, ProQuest, Google Scholar and PubMed to identify the relevant English publications on DSME over the last 5 years (2013-2018). In total, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: The articles included at least one result that covered the biological, psychological, and social aspects that are more general and relevant for T2DM patients who received the DSME program. DSME had a positive impact on T2DM, namely the reduction of HbA1c, blood glucose, LDL, cholesterol, blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, decreased distress, anxiety and increased self-efficacy and self-empowerment. Conclusion: It can increase the social and family support, improve self-management motivation, increase knowledge and improve the behavior of T2DM patients. The findings of our review showed that DSME has a positive impact on the biological, psychological and social aspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has affected many people in India in 2020. This has put a huge strain on hospitals and healthcare workers. Burn patients usually require hospitalisation and surgery, which adds to the burden of care provided by healthcare workers. Modifications in management protocol during a pandemic are of utmost importance to prevent transmission of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) while simultaneously treating burn patients. Aim: To study burn demography and describe changes in burn management protocol during COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was done from March to July 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic’s initial stages in India, at a tertiary care hospital in Southern India. During these months, screening protocol and guidelines for admission and testing of patients for COVID-19 were followed as given by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). All burn patients who visited the hospital’s Emergency Room (ER) during this period were included in the study. Those patients whose records were incomplete were excluded from the study. Detailed documentation was done of patient’s burn history, travel history and contact history by healthcare workers wearing level 1 Personal Protection Equipment (PPE). Demographic details were collected and entered into Microsoft Excel spread sheet and the percentages were calculated. Results: A total of 77 burn patients visited the ER and 44 patients required admission. A total of 22 (50%) of the admissions were children. A total of 45 patients (58.44%) had sustained scald burns, 23 patients (29.87%) sustained flame burns and nine patients (11.69%) sustained electric burns. Thirty two patients sustained burns upto 20% and 12 patients had major burns (>20%). Nine patients underwent surgery. There were two fatalities. All patients were seen by healthcare workers wearing level 1 PPE. No COVID-19 positive patient was reported during the study period. Conclusion: There was an increase in paediatric burn accidents during the COVID-19 pandemic in India due to crowded and congested homes and a lack of continuous supervision from adults otherwise occupied with work done remotely from home. It is routine practice to admit only critical burn patients or in situations where home care is not possible. Minor burns dressing must be done at home instead of; at Outpatient Department (OPD) visit. Lifesaving surgeries in children were done using live skin donor. Diagnosis, treatment, physiotherapy and follow-up of patients through teleconsultation to avoid spread of COVID19 virus was encouraged.

The continuous advancement of materials science has highlighted the ongoing need for additional studies on the main composite materials topics, particularly in the field of multifunctional nano-composites, towards improving their capability to meet multifaceted requirements in order to stimulate both scientific and technological development. In this study, we report the preparation and characterization of polyetherimides (PEIs) derived from 4,4′-(4,4′-isopropylidenediphenoxy) bis (phthalic anhydride) following a two-step polycondensation reaction using either 4,4′-(1,3-phenylenedioxy) dianiline, or Jeffamine ED-600 as comonomers, or a mixture of the two diamines. Based on the PEI containing flexible Jeffamine segments, polymer composite films were developed by incorporating BaTiO3 particles. The chemical structure and morphology of the composite films were investigated by FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Thermal properties were determined by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The influence of Jeffamine segments on the thermal decomposition process was investigated by TG/MS/FTIR measurements under air and nitrogen atmospheres. Based on the obtained data, the thermal decomposition mechanism was established and is discussed in accordance with the chemical structures of the polymers. The surface properties of the PEI and PEI-composite films were characterized by performing contact angle measurements. The addition of BaTiO3 increased the wettability of the surfaces. The dielectric characteristics of polymer composite films were investigated by broad band dielectric spectroscopy measurements. It was noticed that the addition of BaTiO3 nanoparticles to the copolymer matrix gradually enhanced the dielectric constant of the composites.

Hydrogels based on natural, biodegradable materials have gained considerable interest in the medical field due to their improved drug delivery profiles and tissue-mimicking architecture. In this regard, this study was devoted to the preparation and characterization of new physically crosslinked hydrogels based on carboxymethyl cellulose and an unconventional crosslinking agent, phytic acid. Phytic acid, in addition to its antioxidant and antibacterial effects, can improve the biological properties and stability of gels, without adding toxicity. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, rheological studies and thermal analysis confirmed the hydrogel formation. The influence of the ratio between the cellulose derivative and the crosslinker upon the morphological structure and water uptake was evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. Furthermore, procaine was entrapped within the hydrogels and used as a model drug for in vitro studies, which highlighted the dependence of the drug release on the phytic acid content of the matrix. The materials demonstrated antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The biocompatibility was assessed on fibroblast cells, and according to our results, hydrogels can improve cell viability highlighting the potential of these systems as therapeutic scaffolds for skin tissue engineering.

Bio-based plasticizers derived from renewable resources represent a sustainable replacement for petrochemical-based plasticizers. Vegetable oils are widely available, non-toxic and biodegradable, resistant to evaporation, mostly colorless and stable to light and heat, and are a suitable alternative for phthalate plasticizers. Plasticized poly(lactic acid) (PLA) materials containing 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt% and 20 wt% natural castor oil (R) were prepared by melt blending to improve the ductility of PLA. Three castor oil adducts with maleic anhydride (MA), methyl nadic anhydride (methyl-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride) (NA) and hexahydro-4-methylphthalic anhydride (HA), previously synthesized, were incorporated in a concentration of 15 wt% each in PLA and compared with PLA plasticized with natural R. The physico-chemical properties of PLA/R blends were investigated by means of processability, chemical structure, surface wettability, mechanical, rheological and thermal characteristics. The addition of natural and modified R significantly improved the melt processing by decreasing the melt viscosity by ~95%, increased the surface hydrophobicity, enhanced the flexibility by ~14 times in the case of PLA/20R blend and ~11 times in the case of PLA/15R-MA blend as compared with neat PLA. The TG/DTG results showed that the natural R used up to 20 wt% could significantly improve the thermal stability of PLA, similar to the maleic anhydride-modified R. Based on the obtained results, up to 20 wt% natural R and 15 wt% MA-, HA- or NA-modified R might be used as environmentally friendly plasticizers that can improve the overall properties of PLA, depending on the intended food packaging applications.

Antioxidants are substances that can slow down the oxidation process of free radicals. Limpasu plant (Baccaurea lanceolata (Miq) Muell. Arg), an indigenous plant of Borneo, is a natural antioxidant source. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the limpasu pericarpium extract. The extraction of the limpasu pericarpium was done by maceration method using solvents with increasing polarity ranging from n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Antioxidant activities of the three extracts were measured by the DPPH and FRAP methods. The IC50 values of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts, as well as quercetin using the DPPH method were 517,45 µg/mL, 530,64 µg/mL, 10,63 µg/mL and 6,83 µg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the IC50 values obtained from FRAP method were 198,96 µg/mL, 190,07 µg/mL, 661,36 µg/mL, and 7,09 µg/mL, respectively. The results revealed that the methanol extract is more potent than other extracts tested for antioxidant activity.

ABSTRACT PERMA number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Procurement regulates the role of mediators in mediation. However, in reality, this is not often considered important and it tends to be ignored so mediation is often unsuccessful, and in the end it is resolved by litigation. The purpose of this research is to analyze the urgency of the role of mediators in the Purbalingga Religious Court in the success of mediation Islamic economics field. This research is a non-doctrinal law research, with qualitative analysis. The results showed that the Purbalingga Religious Court mediator plays a very important role in the success of mediation in the field of Islamic economics. The mediator in the Purbalingga Religious Court has the skills and tactics to solve sharia economic dispute peacefully. A negotiation skill is the most critical skills needed by a mediator. The mediator has also tactics to force the parties to hold meetings and solve the dispute peacefully. Keywords: Mediation; Mediator; Islamic Economics; Religious Courts. ABSTRAK Perma nomor 1 tahun 2016 tentang Prosedur Mediasi di Pengadilan mengatur peran mediator dalam mediasi. Namun, kenyataannya hal ini sering tidak dianggap penting dan cenderung diabaikan sehingga mediasi sering tidak berhasil dan sengketa pada akhirnya diselesaikan dengan jalur litigasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis urgensi peran mediator di Pengadilan Agama Purbalingga dalam keberhasilan mediasi di bidang ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum non doktrinal, dengan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa di Pengadilan Agama Purbalingga mediator memegang peranan yang sangat penting dalam keberhasilan mediasi di bidang ekonomi syariah. Mediator di Pengadian Agama Purbalingga memiliki keterampilan dan taktik. Keterampilan yang paling dibutuhkan adalah keterampilan berunding/negosiasi dengan tetap mempertahankan perdamaian, sedangkan taktik yang paling dibutuhkan adalah taktik yang bersifat informatif dan mendesak para pihak untuk mengadakan pertemuan, dan melakukan tawar menawar. Kata Kunci: Mediasi; Mediator; Ekonomi Syariah; Pengadilan Agama.

Resolution of disputes by way of litigation always takes a long time, expensive dan results in a win and lose solution. Therefore resolution outside the court( non-litigation) is an alternative choice. This study analyses the resolution of insurance disputes using several methods or models outside the Court. This research is non-doctrinal legal research, with a socio-legal approach. It analyses a settlement model used by of Life Insurance AJB Bumiputera Purwokerto in the event of default of the insured/customer premium and the customer’s insurance claim against the company. The settlement involves several stages, first, by means of consultation and negotiation, second by means of mediation involving OJK (Financial Services Authority) as a neutral mediator, and the last, by means of conciliation and arbitration. In the perspective of Islamic law, this solution model is similar to the concept of sulh, a type of disputes resolution in which the conflicting parties drive to settle their dispute peacefully.

Measles and rubella is infectious diseases caused by measles virus and rubella transmitted through the respiratory tract. Measles and rubella highly contagious, and transmitted through splash sneezing or cough. Children who have never got measles and rubella immunization, or who have never had measles and rubella is the high risk of contracting the disiase.This study aims to know the factors related to the low coverage measles, rubella on toddler in the village of Simpang Tiga Pekan district Perbaungan district Serdang bedagai Year 2019. Research used in this study is deskritif quantitative by using the design of cross-sectional. Population in this study is around the mother that has a toddler 9 -59 months are in the village of Simpang Tiga Pekan. Sampling is done by techniques accidental sampling by the number of samles as much as 36 respondents. Research instruments by using the quetionnaire. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate with the chi-square test at level 95%, α = 5%. confidence. Analysis shows that there relationship knowledge mother by administering immunization MR (Measles, Rubella) with 95% (α = 0,05) p value = 0,000 confidence level, that there relationship attitude mother by administering immunization MR with 95% (α = 0,05) p value = 0,000 confidence level, that there relationship resources mother by administering immunization MR with 95% (α = 0,05) p value = 0,000 confidence level. Suuggested to mothers should always come at activities posyandu and do immunization regularly and active role in the activities of immunization and search for related information immunization in toddlers.

Thermal characterization of some multifunctional environmentally friendly materials based on plasticized poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/chitosan (CS) and rosemary extract (R) previously obtained is presented. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) associated with other complex investigations such as chemiluminescence and coupled thermogravimetry (TG)/Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)/mass spectroscopy (MS) was performed in order to test both the thermal behavior and the biocomposition–property relationship. It was established that the rosemary ethanolic extract offers an efficient protection against thermoxidative degradation to the new developed plasticized PLA-based biocomposites which show good thermal properties, being suitable for both medical and food packaging applications.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the current account and budget deficit (twin deficits hypothesis), measuring the account performance and other macroeconomic indicators in predicting the debt crisis in Indonesia. Furthermore, the data used for hypothesis was obtained from 2004q1-2017q4, followed by the application of the ARDL method, while values based on debt crisis were taken from the year 1981–2017, and indicators performance measurement required the use of Early Warning System (EWS) method, which was conducted through Quadratic Probability Score (QPS), and Global Squared Bias (GSB). The results indicate a long-term positive relationship between the current account and budget deficit (twin deficits), while the short-term studies reveal a negative association termed twin divergence, which occur on instances where a country has high savings rate. Furthermore, it was established that the current account deficit towards predicting the debt crisis in Indonesia was of a low performance, and the leading macroeconomic indicators include short-term debt-foreign exchange reserves, the temporary debt-total external type, M2-foreign exchange reserves, inflation, IMF, and domestic credit-GDP. Therefore, the EWS model possesses 60% predictive abilities and an NTSR of 0.25, where the QPS value obtained was 0.373, and that of GSB was 0.005.

This study aims to describe and analyze the Judge Progressiveness in the case of a divorce related to domestic violence. The principle of law governing civil judges is passive, in reality this principle creates difficulties for women (wives) victims of domestic violence to achieve justice. The research method used is non-doctrinal tradition with a socio-legal approach, and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study illustrate. Religious Courts Judges as one of the law enforcers are very potential to seek justice for victims of domestic violence, the majority of whom are women, because many cases of domestic violence ended in divorce cases in the Religious Courts. But the consideration of the religious Court Judge in deciding the case of a divorce petition is not yet progressive, the Judge still adheres to the principle of law, that the Civil Judge is passive. So that when the Plaintiff (Wife) does not demand income and compensation from her husband. The Plaintiff (Wife) as a victim of domestic violence will not get a living idah, mut'ah, maskan, kiswah and any compensation from the Defendant (Husband). Religious Court Judges have not yet explored other relevant legislation, including progressive religious texts that favor women as victims of domestic violence to strengthen the building of their arguments. Whereas in the case of divorce by talak, the Judge views the law in book in his legal considerations by giving protection to the wife, namely by giving the wife the right to earn a living Idah, Mutah (a living for one year to entertain the wife divorced by her husband), maskan and kiswah, according with what is stipulated in the Marriage Law and the Compilation of Islamic Law. The paradigm of the operation of the Judge in a country with a pluralistic culture such as Indonesia, it's time to change to a more progressive direction, Judge is no longer limited to the existence of a mouth that sounds the sentence of the law ( le judge est uniquenment la bouche qui pronance le most de lois) Judge also not tools designed to be logical and work mechanically, but whole people who have sensitivity to humanitarian and social concerns. Progressive judges learn and are good at making interpretations that are not literal (connotative), and have a high sense of empathy to be able to catch social norms that contextually support each prescription of the Act. The holistic understanding of the judges has the potential to provide justice for women victims of domestic violence.

This research describes the protection of women victims of domestic violence in divorce cases. Domestic violence victims are hidden in divorce cases in the Religious Courts. The positivistic paradigm adopted by the Judges gives less protection to victims of domestic violence. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, a type of doctrinal legal research with a socio-legal approach. Domestic violence victims in the Religious Courts need a new paradigm to provide protection for victims of domestic violence. Religious Court Judges who have a positivistic paradigm see the law as a book (act). The judge in examining the domestic violence in divorce only adheres to the law relating to marriage, namely Law No. 1 of 1974 and Compilation of Islamic Law. Paradigm of Critical Legal Studies. build critical awareness in law enforcement by improving the legal system and carrying out a reformation in the institutions responsible for the protection of victims of domestic violence, one of which is the Religious Courts. Also consider the PKDRT Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the elimination of domestic violence even covering legal culture of family, community, health and psychological.

Globalization that brings issues of equality and freedom further obscures the personal identity of Javanese. This can lead to absence of coherence in the individuals that inhibits maturity and bring up negative experiences such as anxiety, depression, and confusion. In the Javanese society there are criteria of personal maturity. Based on literature review, these characteristics include: the existence of appreciation to God, the effort to maintain internal and external harmony, emphasis on roso, and the existence of awareness and control. These characteristics need to be maintained in Javanese to achieve maturity, either individually or integrated in the context of education, psychotherapy, leadership, and social change. This process of internalization and actualization of value is important as a part of a culture that has been tested for thousands years as a guardian of the harmony, and also that it is relevant, important and capable of being applied in the era of globalization.

This study reports a strategy for developing a biohybrid complex based on a natural/synthetic polymer conjugate as a gel-type structure. Coupling synthetic polymers with natural compounds represents an important approach to generating gels with superior properties and with potential for biomedical applications. The study presents the preparation of hybrid gels with tunable characteristics by using a spiroacetal polymer and alginate as co-partners in different ratios. The new network formation was tested, and the structure was confirmed by FTIR and SEM techniques. The physical properties of the new gels, namely their thermal stability and swelling behavior, were investigated. The study showed that the increase in alginate content caused a smooth increase in thermal stability due to the additional crosslinking bridges that appeared. Moreover, increasing the content of the synthetic polymer in the structure of the gel network ensures a slower release of carvacrol, the encapsulated bioactive compound.

This paper deals with the dielectric and sorption properties of some flax fiber-reinforced ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) composites containing different fiber loadings as well as their behavior after exposure to different doses of electron beam irradiation. Three relaxation processes were evinced, a weak relaxation β at sub-Tg temperatures and two α-type relaxations above the Tg. The EPDM/flax composites exhibited higher values of dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity as compared to a pristine EPDM sample. Using thermogravimetric analysis (TG) coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and mass spectrometry (MS) (TG/FTIR/MS system), the degradation products can be identified. The water uptake increased as the flax fiber level increased in composites. The water uptake tests of irradiated composites showed that the highest water content was obtained for a flax fiber level of 20 phr.

Depression as the cause of disability has been increasing overtime. It is urgent to find out a form of therapy that accommodates clients faith to enhance the effectiveness of non-religious therapy. The research aims at determining whether Cognitive-Behavioral Religious Therapy (CBRT) was effective to decrease the symptoms of depression. The subject were two women who meet the criteria of moderate and severe depression on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Single subject design with ABA design was applied. The visual analysis and clinical significance by practical wisdom were used to see the effectiveness of CBRT. It was concluded that Cognitive-Behavioral Religious Therapy was effective to decrease the symptoms of depression. Key words: Cognitive-Behavioral Religious Therapy (CBRT), depression, faith, Islam.

There is growing interest in the use plants for the treatment and prevention of cancer and are currently being evaluated as promising anticancer agents. In this paper, we investigated the anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, phytotoxic and immunomodulatory of plant Bauhinia variegata and also established the presence of important phytoconstituents which might signify its anticancer property. Phytochemical screening, anti-microbial assay, phytotoxicity assay, anti-oxidant assay and immunomodulatory analysis was done according to the protocol established at Department of Biotechnology, Kathmandu University and Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, University of Karachi, Pakistan. In the phytochemical screening, we observed the presence of different phytochemicals like steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, reducing sugars and glycosides. In case of Antimicrobial assay, the plant was found to be most effective against B.cereus with the highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 12mm and against Rhizopus with ZOI of 11mm. During the antioxidant assay in comparison to Ascorbic acid; at highest concentration, the scavenging activity shown by the plant Bauhinia variegata are 43.38% as compared to ascorbic acid 89.25%. In the Immunomodulatory assay at the highest concentration i.e. 250 µg/ml, the plant showed 75.1% effect, which showed that the plant has potential anti-inflammatory potential. In phytotoxicity assay, Bauhinia variegata showed 20% phytotoxicity. Bauhinia variegata has thus been proven to be an important candidate to be used as an antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, phytotoxic and anticancer agent. Separation of pure compounds with bioassay guided extraction, spectrometric analysis and subsequent cytotoxicity assay of the pure bioactive compounds from Bauhinia variegate is highly recommended as crude extract itself showed promising phytotoxicity and other pharmaceutical potential.

This paper describes the settlement of disputes in the field of Islamic economy based on Indonesian Muslim society culture. The research method used is Library research with normative juridical approach. In business, whether based on conventional or sharia, conflict or dispute sometimes happens and can not be avoided. The settlement of disputes in the Court, takes a long time, the cost is huge and the result is a win-lose, resulting in a sense of unfairness to either party. For that Sulh (peaceful) in resolving the dispute sharia economy becomes the choice of the sharia economic actors if there is a dispute between the parties. Sulh (peace) can be developed with various models, such as negotiation, mediation or arbitration. This dispute resolution model is more acceptable to the society, because philosophically the values of Sulh (peace) already exists intrinsically in the culture of Indonesian society which prioritizes deliberation and harmony in the life of society.

In today’s world, search for natural medicines is increasing as a result of drug resistance of pathogens and also due to negative consequences of antibiotic. Presence of phytochemicals, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of Artocarpus heterophyllus was carried out in this study. Leaf of this plant was subjected to warm extraction with three different solvents namely methanol, aqueous methanol and ethyl acetate. Leaf extract showed the presence of coumarin, alkaloid, terpenoid in methanol solvent; tannin, coumarin, saponin in aqueous methanol extract and coumarin, terpenoids in ethyl acetate solvent. Further, antimicrobial activity was assessed through disc diffusion method with six pathological bacteria and two fungi strains in four different concentrations of plant extract. Largest ZOI of 16mm was obtained against B. subtilis in 200mg/ml concentration for ethyl acetate extract. Antioxidant potential was measured by DPPH (Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay. DPPH free radical Scavenging Activity was expressed in % inhibition with L Ascorbic acid as standard and leaf extract in methanol showed the best activity.

Bio-based compounds are a leading direction in the context of the increased demand for these materials due to the numerous advantages associated with their use over conventional materials, which hardly degrade in the environment. At the same time, the use of essential oils and their components is generated mainly by finding alternative solutions to antibiotics and synthetic preservatives due to their bioactive characteristics, but also to their synergistic capacity during the manifestation of different biological properties. The present study is devoted to poly(ethylene brassylate-co-squaric acid) (PEBSA), synthesis and its use for thymol encapsulation and antibacterial system formation. The synthesized copolymer, performed through ethylene brassylate macrolactone ring-opening and copolymerization with squaric acid, was physicochemical characterized. Its amphiphilic character allowed the entrapment of thymol (Ty), a natural monoterpenoid phenol found in oil of thyme, a compound with strong antiseptic properties. The copolymer chemical structure was confirmed by spectroscopic analyses. Thermal analysis evidenced a good thermal stability for the copolymer. Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of PEBSA_Ty complex was investigated against eight different reference strains namely: bacterial strains—Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Klebsiella pneumonie ATCC 10031 and Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, yeast strains represented by Candida albicans ATCC10231 and Candida glabrata ATCC 2001, and the fungal strain Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC9642.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan kombinasi arang aktif sekam padi dan zeolit sebagai adsorben dalam mengadsorpsi ion logam Cr(VI) dan mempelajari pengaruh komposisi adsorben kombinasi arang aktif sekam padi dan zeolit dalam mengadsorpsi ion logam Cr(VI), serta sensitivitas metode solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) untuk menentukan penurunan kadar ion logam Cr(VI) dalam skala μg/L. Arang aktif sekam padi yang digunakan diperoleh melalui proses aktivasi dengan perendaman dalam larutan ZnCl2 10% sedangkan zeolit menggunakan larutan H2SO4 10%. Pengontakan adsorben dengan ion logam Cr(VI) dilakukan dengan variasi komposisi adsorben arang aktif sekam padi dan zeolit 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, dan 2:1. Analisis kadar Cr(VI) dilakukan menggunakan metode solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS). Karakterisasi arang aktif sekam padi dan zeolit dilakukan menggunakan FTIR. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kombinasi arang aktif sekam padi dan zeolit dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben dalam mengadsorpsi ion logam Cr(VI) dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 0,28 µg/g; (2) komposisi optimum adsorben adalah 1:2 dengan persentase penyerapan sebesar 40,99%; (3) solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) merupakan metode yang sensitif untuk analisis penurunan kadar ion Cr(VI) dalam tingkat µg/L dengan Limit of Detection (LOD) sebesar 0,021 µg/L. Kata kunci : adsorpsi, Cr(VI), arang aktif sekam padi, zeolit, solid-phase spectrophotometry Abstract This study aims to study the use of activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite as combination adsorbents to adsorb Cr(VI) metal ions; the effect of the combination adsorbents of activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite’s compositions to adsorb Cr(VI) metal ions; and the sensitivity of solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) as a method to determine the reduced levels of Cr(VI) metal ions in the level of 15μ"> g/L. The activated rice husk charcoal used were obtained through the activation process by soaking in a solution of ZnCl2 10% while the zeolite with a solution of H2SO4 10%. The contacting process of the adsorbents with Cr(VI) metal ions was done by varying the compositions of the activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite adsorbent, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 2:1. The data analysis of the Cr(VI) level used solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) method. Characterization of activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite used FTIR. The results showed that: (1) a combination of activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite can be used as adsorbent to adsorb Cr(VI) metal ions with the adsorption capacity was 0,28 15μ"> g/g; (2) the optimum composition of adsorbents was 1:2 with the percentage of absorption was 40,99%; (3) solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) is a sensitive method to determine the reduced levels of Cr(VI) in the level of 15μ"> g/L with the limit of detection (LOD) was 0,021 15μ"> g/L. Keywords: adsorption, Cr(VI), activated rice husk charcoal, zeolite, solid-phase spectrophotometry

As the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of shalat's training to lower on student academic procrastination. The hypothesis is no effect of a decrease in academic procrastination among students who attend training shalat with students who are not trained to shalat. This study uses pretest and posttest control group design, in which the research subjects are students from various departments at "Y" University in Yogyakarta a total of 8 people, with 4 people in the experimental group and 4 people in the control group.This study uses a scale of academic procrastination compiled by Siswanto (2013). Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics, the Wilcoxon sign rank test. The results of the research in the experimental group for differences pre and post test obtained value Z =-0.368, p = 0.713 (p>0.05). As for differences in pre-test and post-test in the control group, the value of Z = -l.826, p = 0.068 (p>0.05). It can be concluded that there is no difference in academic procrastination before and after the shalat's training. Thus, the research hypothesis was rejected. Keywords: Academic Procrastination, Shalat's Training

Silicones which possess, amongst others, remarkable mechanical properties, thermal stability over a wide range of temperatures and processability, and rare earth oxides (REO), known for their unique optic, magnetic and catalytic properties can be coupled into multifunctional composite materials (S-REOs). In addition, the intrinsic hydrophobicity of REO and polysiloxanes makes them easily compatible without the need for surface treatments of the former. Thus, europium oxide (Eu _2 O _3 ), gadolinium oxide (Gd _2 O _3 ) and dysprosium oxide (Dy _2 O _3 ) in amounts of 20 pph are incorporated as fillers into silicone matrices, followed by processing mixture as thin films and crosslinking at room temperature. The analysis of the obtained films reveals the changes induced by these fillers in the thermal, mechanical, dielectric and optical properties, as well as the hydrophobicity of the silicones. The luminescence properties of S-REO composites were investigated by fluorescence spectra and lifetime - resolved measurements with a multiemission peaks from blue to greenish register. The thermogravimetrical analysis indicates an increasing of thermal stability of the composites that contain REO, compared to pure silicone. As expected, the dielectric permittivity significantly increased due to nature of the fillers, while the dielectric loss values are relatively low for all samples, indicating a minimal conversion of electrical energy in the form of heat within bulk composites. The presence of rare earth oxides into the silicone matrix facilitates the motions of long-range charge carriers through the network resulting in higher values of conductivity of the composite films. The stress-strain measurements revealed the reinforcing effect of the rare earth metal oxides on a silicone matrix, leading to a significant increase of Young modulus. The known hydrophobicity of silicones is further enhanced by the presence of REO.

Globalisasi adalah kata yang sudah tidak asing dan telah lama didengung-dengungkan akan terjadi pada awal abad 21. Pada saat ini, globalisasi telah berlangsung, ditandai dengan mudahnya akses masyarakat terhadap barang/jasa dari daerah lain atau negara lain yang difasilitasi oleh teknologi informasi dan transportasi. Globalisasi diintepretasikan sebagai kecenderungan umum terintegrasinya kehidupan masyarakat domestic/lokal ke dalam komunitas global di berbagai bidang. Realitasnya, pertukaran yang terjadi tidak hanya terbatas pada barang dan jasa melainkan juga terkait ide-ide mengenai demokratisasi, hak asasi manusia, lingkungan hidup, migrasi, bahkan isu human trafficking, yang saat ini telah menjadi fenomena umum yang melintasi tingkat negara bahkan pada komunitas paling kecil (Yuniarto, 2014).

In the study the biodegradability of some poly(vinyl alcohol)-g-aspartic acid copolymers was investigated, using Trichotecium roseum fungus. The biodegraded samples were examined after established days of inoculation (3–21 days). The modification of structure and surface morphology, caused by copolymers biodegradation was determined by atenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By static light scattering analysis (SLS) was concluded that the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of poly(vinyl alcohol)- g-aspartic acid copolymers was major modified by biodegradation. The thermal characteristics of initial and biodegraded samples were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) analyses.

This research aimed to understand the effect of listening murattal Al-Qur'an to insomnia score. The hypothesis of this research is listening murattal Al-Qur'an can reduce insomnia level. Subjects participated in this research were two university students from Faculty of Psychology and Social Culture, major Psychology, Department of Psychology at the Islamic University of Indonesia, who were diagnosed with insomnia. The data was collected with KSPBJ - Insomnia Rating Scale, monitoring scale and interview. Data analysis showed that there was effect of listening murattal Al-Qur’an to reduce insomnia level, thus the research hypothesis was accepted. Keywords: Listening Murattal Al-Qur'an, level of Insomnia

Hak atas lingkungan yang baik dan sehat dijamin oleh Pancasila dan UUD 1945 yang berimplikasi terhadap perlunya kebijakan, rencana dan/atau program mengenai hak atas lingkungan tersebut diatur dalam perundang-undangan, baik di tingkat nasional maupun daerah. Dalam konteks otonomi daerah hak atas lingkungan tersebut termasuk dalam kelompok bidang urusan wajib pemerintahan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pengaturan hak atas lingkungan hidup dalam bidang sumber daya air. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dampak pengaturan hak atas lingkungan hidup dalam sistem hukum pengelolaan sumber daya air sungai tidak terintegrasi dengan daerah lain, sehingga kebijakan pemerintah daerah lebih ditujukan untuk peningkatan pendapatan daerah masing-masing. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan terjadinya perusakan sumber daya air sungai di bagian hulu dan hilir dan tidak optimalnya pemanfaatan air sungai. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dibutuhkan sistem hukum pengelolaan sumber daya air dengan pendekatan ekoregion, dimana batas darat dan perairan tidak ditentukan oleh batas secara politik, akan tetapi oleh batas geografis dari komunitas manusia dan sistem lingkungan. The right to a good and healthy environment is guaranteed by Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution which has implications on the need for policies, plans and / or programs on environmental rights are set out in legislation, both at national and local levels. In the context of regional autonomy, rights to the environment including the obligatory group of government issues. This paper aims to analyze the impact of regulation on environmental rights in the field of water resources. The results of this study indicate that the impact of regulation on environmental rights in the legal system of management of water resources of the river is not integrated with other areas, so that local policy is intended to increase local revenues respectively. These conditions resulted in the destruction of the water resources of the river upstream and downstream and is not optimal utilization of river water. Under the terms of the legal system needs water resources management with ecoregion approach, where land and water boundaries are not defined by political boundaries, but by the geographical boundaries of the human community and environmental systems.