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In the face of ongoing climate changes and the current geopolitical situation, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are continuously gaining popularity in many countries. Objectives related to environmental protection and the use of RES set by different countries all over the world, as well as by the European Union (EU), are becoming priorities for many. The increase in the installed capacity of photovoltaic systems has been growing steadily for several years, leading to the creation of new systems accompanying PV installations; this phenomenon has also been observed in Poland. This paper presents a photovoltaic system in the form of a bicycle shed next to a school building as an example of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) without connection to the power grid. It was shown that the energy consumption profile should be properly correlated with the production profile, otherwise significant losses occur. Alternative methods to improve the correlation of production and energy consumption by using SCADA systems or building automation to properly manage the electricity generation and consumption installation were also proposed. Furthermore, it was shown that adopting a fixed discount rate in financial analyses can distort the picture of real profits. An analysis of the changes in the NPV ratio using variable discount rates was carried out when analyzing the entire life of the solar plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. The subject of this article is the assessment of measurement uncertainty with the kinematic telescopic bar QC20-W in the accuracy test of MOTOMAN HP20 industrial robot. The measurements were performed to determine the statistical uncertainty of error measurement using the system applied. Analysed in tests was the robot’s ability to recreate a circular outline through standard, complex and extended measurement of uncertainty measurement. The obtained results were served to perform rapid evaluation of robot inaccuracy. These uncertainties were based on the information included in the device calibration certificate (estimated with method B) but also on the basis of measurements and statistical data (estimated with method A). These components of the uncertainty budget take relatively small values (uc=0.818÷4.130; U=1.636÷8.260 for k=2, which proves that a properly selected method was applied to the research task. The method of research and calculation precisely identified key uncertainties allowing for an objective assessment of the industrial robot errors carried out with Renishaw the kinematic telescopic bar.

The subject of this article is the assessment of measurement uncertainty of the Renishaw XL80 laser interferometer in MOTOMAN HP20 industrial robot inaccuracy test. The paper presents the methodology for estimating the measurement uncertainty of the system used in tests. Estimates of standard and extended uncertainty were calculated for the given research method. These uncertainties are based on the information included in the device calibration certificate (method B) but also on the basis of measurements and statistics (method A). The authors proposed their own research methodology, taking into account measurement capabilities of the applied system and the specific character of the robot work. Calculations employed universal computing systems based on standard algorithms. The results obtained from the research and calculations precisely defined key uncertainties allowing for objective evaluation of industrial robot errors identified by the Renishaw XL80 system.

The aim of the present article is the assessment of technical shear resistance (technological shear) of orthopedic screw made of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, produced using incremental technology in the process of 3D printing process. The first part of the work presents incremental techniques in production engineering. The second part of the present work contains a specification of the 3D printing process of samples as well as the description of the used material. The fundamental part of the article is composed out of endurance tests for orthopaedic screws as well as the analysis of the obtained results and conclusions. The method of incremental production SLM using SLM 280HL metal printer was used during the technological process. The resistance tests were performed using ZWICK/ROELL Z150 machines. Identical endurance trials were performed for monolithic bars made of titanium alloys (of bar core size ) made on a wire electric discharge machine Sodick SL600Q for comparative purposes. The obtained test results enabled comparative assessment of the value of shear resistance Rt in the conditions of technological shear. According to the performed tests, the shear resistance Rt of orthopaedic screws is nearly 33% lower than of monolithic bars of the same core size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apart from accuracy, one of the parameters describing industrial robots is positioning accuracy. The parameter in question, which is the subject of this paper, is often the decisive factor determining whether to apply a given robot to perform certain tasks or not. Articulated robots are predominantly used in such processes as: spot welding, transport of materials and other welding applications, where high positioning repeatability is required. It is therefore essential to recognise the parameter in question and to control it throughout the operation of the robot. This paper presents methodology for robot positioning accuracy measurements based on vision technique. The measurements were conducted with Phantom v2511 high-speed camera and TEMA Motion software, for motion analysis. The object of the measurements was a 6-axis Yaskawa Motoman HP20F industrial robot. The results of measurements obtained in tests provided data for the calculation of positioning accuracy of the robot, which was then juxtaposed against robot specifications. Also analysed was the impact of the direction of displacement on the value of attained pose errors. Test results are given in a graphic form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]