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Imagery and Morphology of the Ex-votos Painted in Provence and in Italy. A database of four thousand painted ex-votos from Provence and ten thousand from Italy are the basis of the study that the two authors have been carrying out for over forty years with a quantitative and qualitative approach. A historical, sociological, semiological and morphological picture emerges that delivers to the reader the cultural models that are conveyed through social representations and the imagery of painted votive tablets. We are talking about a format that, born in the wealthiest classes about five centuries ago, has maintained the initial principles of composition and has spread becoming an integral part of popular material culture, without solution of continuity. The ex-votos show the strategies that men and women have adopted to survive, persist and replicate themselves, as biological and cultural entities.

Starting from Canestrari's studies, who since the early 1950s had shown an interest in social problems concerning adolescents, groups, prejudice and intergroup relations, the present article analyses the development of research in these areas, which will be progressively dealt with from a social psychology perspective. Augusto Palmonari and his team of collaborators and students took up the task to investigate the theoretical aspects, far from the behavioral mainstream, and to realize field interventions with innovative methodologies. Here the most relevant topics are presented, which remain even today the object of analysis and research of the Bologna group of social psychologists: self and identity, adolescence, social representations, groups, ethnic prejudice and intergroup relations, community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 1950s, Renzo Canestrari has been interested in issues concerning child development in its clinical aspects, with particular attention to the reforms of the Italian school system, especially the extension of compulsory schooling, the organizational consequences, and the need for adequate teachers' training. At the same time, the debate on the de-institutionalization of policies towards children with sensory, physical, and mental difficulties, kicked off research on alternative projects, in collaboration with the Local Authorities of the Emilia-Romagna Region. This attention to issues concerning development, education, and socialization in developmental age, with a look that connects individual aspects and social dynamics, has fueled empirical research by members of the Institute of Psychology, who have progressively expanded the fields of investigation. These are researches on: causal relationships between social interactions and cognitive development; characteristics of classroom communication and organizational and discursive routines in daily school life; representations that teachers and parents build and share about development, learning and education; socio-cognitive dynamics activated in students, during assessment tests held by Pisa international programs. These are dynamics ignored by the mainstream evaluation of the students' performances, but able to activate representations of school routines, through which students with low performances try to give meaning to the tests themselves. Similar dynamics are present in the representations of scientific disciplines, confirming the influence that the representations of the school system play in the construction of learning. Taken as a whole, in these lines of research it is possible to identify significant aspects that the legacy Renzo Canestrari has delivered in his work on development and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last ten years in Italy, both the number of children in international adoption and the number of prospective adoptive parents have consistently decreased. The present research is aimed at investigating the social representations concerning adoption, adoptive parents and the motivations that can lead to adoption. The general aim is obtain useful information in order to develop specific awareness campaigns to promote a broader culture of acceptance and a more conscious readiness for adoption. We collected data from 265 parents through a self-report questionnaire. The results show that participants have a good knowledge of the adoptive phenomenon, mainly thanks to the media and a number direct contacts with adoptive families in the neighborhood and in the relative network. Adoptive parents were represented as couples without children, wealthy and generous, motivated by the desire to give a family to a needy child. It also emerged that the subjects, in case of lack of children, would have chosen to resort firstly to homologous artificial insemination and to adoption as second choice.

Le migrazioni sono uno dei fattori di mutamento più potenti della storia dell’umanità e trasformano le società. Il Sud Italia, da anni terra di approdo di flussi ingenti, è un osservatorio europeo privilegiato di queste trasformazioni. Il contributo presenta i risultati di una ricerca-azione realizzata nel Sud Italia nel 2016. Segni di futuro è un progetto che ha coinvolto i dirigenti del Terzo Settore in un laboratorio di ricerca con l’obiettivo di individuare i segni delle trasformazioni in corso e i sintomi di quelle future. I punti di forza dell’indagine, condotta con strategie e tecniche di sociologia visuale, risiedono in una riflessione sui metodi di ricerca visuali e sulla costruzione sociale del punto di vista.

Scopo del presente lavoro è proporre l'analisi di testi letterari per lo studio delle rappresentazioni sociali dell'invecchiamento. Dopo un'introduzione al tema, con cenni ai recenti sviluppi in termini di invecchiamento positivo e all'utilità di un maggiore interscambio tra psicologia sociale e letteratura, vengono presentati i risultati di analisi quali-quantitative e qualitative di due recenti opere italiane. Sia l'analisi delle corrispondenze, sia una lettura più qualitativa dei testi, restituiscono indicazioni preziose rispetto all'intento di co-costruire un modo di Invecchiare Bene. Assonanze e divergenze rispetto alla letteratura psico-sociale sull'invecchiamento contribuiscono ad una lettura critica e generativa dell'ultimo 'dono del tempo'.O objetivo deste trabalho é propor a análise de textos literários para o estudo das representações sociais do envelhecimento. Após uma introdução ao tema, com referências a recente evolução positiva em termos de envelhecimento e à utilidade de um maior intercâmbio entre a psicologia social e a literatura, apresentamos os resultados da análise e as características quantitativas e qualitativas de duas recentes obras italianas. Tanto a análise de correspondência, quanto uma leitura mais qualitativa dos textos fornecem indicações valiosas sobre a intenção de co-construir um caminho para Envelhecer Bem. Semelhanças e diferenças em relação à literatura psico-social sobre o envelhecimento contribuem para uma leitura crítica e generativa do último "dom do tempo".Aim of the present paper is to propose the analysis of literary texts in order to study social representations of Ageing. After introducing the theme, with reference to recent developments in terms of positive ageing and to the usefulness of a stronger interchange between social psychology and literature, the results of quali-quantitative and qualitative analyses of two Italian recent books are presented. Both correspondence analysis and a qualitative reading of the texts provide precious cues towards the purpose of co-constructing a Good way of Ageing. Assonances and divergences with contemporary social psychological literature on ageing contribute to a critical and generative interpretation of the last 'gift of time'.

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