Search

We present a young woman with rapidly progressive neurologic decline in the setting of malignant cerebral edema due to extensive superior sagittal sinus thrombosis and cortical venous thrombosis despite intravenous heparin administration. Complete revascularization of the occluded sinus was achieved using suction thrombectomy with the 5 max Penumbra catheter in combination with the Solitaire FR clot retrieval device. The successful endovascular treatment halted the progression of her cerebral edema, and the patient eventually had an excellent recovery after prolonged intensive medical therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case describing such a combined mechanical approach for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. The clot retrieval properties of the Solitaire device combined with direct aspiration via the newest generation Penumbra catheters may allow more rapid, safe and efficient revascularization than all previously reported endovascular treatments for this potentially devastating condition.

The article discusses the concept of breakthrough pain (BTP) and the lack of a definitive definition for it. BTP is commonly associated with cancer-related pain but can also occur in various acute and chronic pain conditions. The article emphasizes the need for more nuanced and validated assessment tools and a robust classification system for BTP. It also highlights the differences in BTP between adults and children and the importance of tailored assessment and management strategies for each age group. The article suggests that standardized definitions and specific BTP assessment tools will improve pain outcomes and quality of life for patients of all ages. [Extracted from the article]

This paper is a techno-legal review of existing scientific research, which explores the exciting field of genetic engineering and its potential in enhancing the tensile strength of spider silk through targeted modification of spider silk genes. Spider silk is renowned for its remarkable strength and flexibility, rendering it a highly coveted substance for many applications encompassing textiles, medical devices, and construction materials. However, its production on a large scale has been limited by the challenges of obtaining sufficient spider silk quantities. To overcome this limitation, researchers have turned to genetic engineering techniques to modify the genes responsible for spider silk production. This research delves into the development of novel techniques that enable precise and targeted modifications of these genes, aiming to enhance the tensile strength of spider silk even further. Additionally, this paper also addresses the legal challenges associated with patenting genetic modifications of spider silk genes. The unique nature of genetic engineering raises questions regarding patent eligibility, ownership, and potential infringement issues. This study discusses the current legal landscape surrounding patenting genetic modifications, including the criteria for patentability and the ethical considerations. By combining scientific advancements with legal insights, this research aims to contribute to the growing body of knowledge in the field of genetic engineering and provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential challenges and opportunities in enhancing spider silk's tensile strength and protecting intellectual property rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs), Folklore, as part of a nation's cultural legacy, is seen as a vital component of its identity. Traditional Cultural Expressions, the Folklore, may be described as knowledge that has been produced over the time, perpetuated, and passed down from generation to generation within a community, and which has become a part of that group's identity. Both emerging and developed nations recognise the value of TCEs and Folklores. However, the rights of those who preserve these cultural expressions/folklores are not adequately safeguarded. The present paper compares the protection of Folklore in India to those of other major countries. With reference to folklore, the paper also analyses probable IPR overlaps in the context of industrial designs, copyrights, trademarks and other IPRs. The strategies and means of protecting folklore in the present IPR regime in India and other major countries are also discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we generalize the concept of Quantum calculus on finite intervals called symmetric quantum calculus over finite intervals. We define qs -symmetric derivative and qs - symmetric integral for a real valued function. We also prove quantum symmetric analogue of some integral inequalities over finite interval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking into consideration gH-symmetrical derivative, we discuss Fritz John type optimality conditions for E-convex functions in interval-valued optimization problems. By a suitable example, we show that gH-symmetrical derivative is an extension of gH-derivative. We use LU type of order relation in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a generalization of convex functions and derivatives, in this paper, the authors study the concept of a symmetric derivative for preinvex functions. Using symmetrical differentiation, they discuss an important characterization for preinvex functions and define symmetrically pseudo-invex and symmetrically quasi-invex functions. They also generalize the first derivative theorem for symmetrically differentiable functions and establish some relationships between symmetrically pseudo-invex and symmetrically quasi-invex functions. They also discuss the Fritz John type optimality conditions for preinvex, symmetrically pseudo-invex and symmetrically quasi-invex functions using symmetrical differentiability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce and discuss multi-objective interval-valued E-convex programming using gH-symmetrical differentiability. We prove nonlinear optimality conditions of Fritz John type for this context and construct an example to verify our results. Furthermore, we define LU-sE-pseudo convexity and LU-sE-quasi convexity for interval-valued functions and study some of their properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce the concept and applications of gH-symmetrical derivative for interval-valued multi-objective functions, which is the generalization of generalized Hukuhara derivative (gH-derivative). By a suitable example it has been shown that gH-symmetrically derivative is an extension of gH-derivative. Furthermore, we apply this new derivative to investigate the Fritz John type optimality conditions for interval-valued multiobjective programming problems. We use LR type of order relation in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IP protection to fashion design is in a transition phase due to the uncertainties as to the protection and the awareness of the same among fashion designers. In addition to this, there is a significant overlapping of the Design Act, 2000 and the Copyright Act, 1957, when it comes to protecting design. The filing trends of design is not categorically analysed backed by a viable approach to promote design protection. Against this background, the present article is an attempt to locate various issues involved in the protection of fashion design, covering its evolution, available, protections, overlapping of relevant legislations, design piracy and undertake an analysis of the recent filing trends in fashion design domain and possible suggestions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the assessment and management of complex pain in children. Topics include impact on pain on children's sleep, mood, school attendance, and social function; assessing the changes in sensory and motor function associated with the pain; and risk of developing persistent pain after surgery in children and adults.

The present study focused on the optimization and molecular characterization of anaerobic mixed consortium TERI SA1 that can utilize synthesis gas as sole carbon source for volatile fatty acids production. Optimization study using Box- Behnken design and RSM methodology was carried out in order to investigate the effect of three medium factors on metabolite formation from synthesis gas bioconversion: (yeast extract (0.0-2.0 g/L), ammonium chloride (0.0-1.5 g/L) and corn steep liquor (0.0-10 g/L). Optimized parameters enhanced the production of volatile fatty acids upto 3.9 g/L, which indicated an increase of around 289 % from the non-optimized conditions. Furthermore, two approaches were used for isolation and phylogenetic identification of anaerobic consortium TERI SA1 involving 16S rRNA sequencing of culturable bacterial isolates as well as metagenomic approach (by making a 16S rRNA gene library of total community DNA). Based on similarity search with NCBI database selected positive clones were most closely related with acetogenic microorganisms Clostridium scatalogenes, Clostridium carboxydivorans, Clostridium drakei and Uncultured Clostridium sp. and strains isolated by culturable method (ASH051 and ASH 052) with Clostridium scatalogenes and Clostridium drakei. These strains have previously been reported for acetic acid production from syngas bioconversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anterior condylar confluence (ACC) is a small complex venous structure located medial to the jugular vein and adjacent to the hypoglossal canal. To our knowledge, this is the first report of transvenous Onyx embolization for ACC dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF). Three patients with ACC DAVF were treated using the Onyx liquid embolic agent with or without detachable coils. Complete angiographic obliteration of the fistulas was achieved in all cases without permanent lower cranial neuropathy. This report suggests that the controlled penetration of Onyx is advantageous in order to obliterate ACC DAVFs with a small amount of embolic material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In-stent stenosis after stent-assisted coil embolization is a rare but well-known complication. A 32-year-old woman with an unruptured wide-necked left internal carotid artery (ICA) terminus aneurysm and an ipsilateral very small anterior choroidal artery aneurysm underwent stent-assisted coil embolization for the ICA terminus aneurysm. The 4-month follow-up angiography revealed diffuse in-stent stenosis and disappearance of the untreated anterior choroidal artery aneurysm, retaining the patency of the anterior choroidal artery. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate the course of in-stent stenosis and disappearance of an untreated small intracranial aneurysm as a result. We report this unique case and discuss the interesting mechanism underlying this phenomenon, and also provide a review of the relevant literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiotracer investigations were carried out for tracing primary coolant in a delay tank of a swimming pool type nuclear reactor. The delay tank was designed to provide a certain delay or residence time to the primary coolant so that the short-lived radioisotopes such as (nitrogen-16 and oxygen-19) decay to a safer level before exiting from the delay tank. However, soon after commissioning of the reactor, the radiation levels at the exit of the reactor core and delay tank, in the working area were found to be higher than the permissible levels. Therefore, the main objectives of the investigations were to measure breakthrough and residence times and, to investigate flow dynamics of the coolant within the tank. Residence time distributions (RTDs) of the coolant were measured in the delay tank using technetium-99m as sodium pertechnatate as a radiotracer. The breakthrough time (BTT) and mean residence time (MRT) were determined from the measured RTD and the same were found to be inadequate to allow the decay of short-lived radioisotopes to the permissible levels. Axial dispersion model with two parallel flow streams was used to simulate the measured RTD curves. Results of the model simulation indicated bypassing of the coolant. Based on the results of the radiotracer investigations, necessary modifications were carried out in the design of the tank. After implementing the modifications, the radiotracer experiments were repeated and, the BTT and the MRT were found to increase sufficient enough to allow decay of the produced radioisotopes and thus to reduce the radiation levels at the exit of the delay tank and in the working area to the safer and permissible levels. • RTDs of cooling water in a delay tank of a nuclear reactor were measured using technetium-99m as a radiotracer. • Breakthrough time, mean residence time and dead volume were determined. • Two parallel flow paths with bypassing of coolant were observed in the delay tank. • Axial dispersion model was found suitable to model the measured RTD data. • Based on the results of the investigations, design of the delay tank was modified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pediatric patients with intractable epilepsy represent a challenging clinical population. However, recent advances in neuroimaging with a multimodality imaging approach that combines fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, magnetoencephalography, diffusion tensor imaging, and magnetic source imaging with conventional magnetic resonance imaging continue to improve diagnosis and treatment in affected patients. These advances are increasing the understanding of the underlying disease process and improving the ability to noninvasively detect epileptogenic foci that in the past went undetected and whose accurate localization is crucial for a good outcome following surgical resection.