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Objective: Twitter, a microblogging service, allows users to post short messages (tweets) and link posts through hashtags, creating online communities to enable dissemination of health education. The objective of this descriptive study was to examine Twitter's #PhysicalActivity health education and promotion efforts, including differences in response before (March 2019-February 2020) and during (March 2020-February 2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. Design, setting and methods: A codebook was developed to conduct a quantitative content analysis of #PhysicalActivity tweets before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Twitter's Advanced Search parameters included minimum 1 reply, 25 likes and 5 retweets. Tweets were double-coded for user characteristics, community response, tweet elements (video, photo, link, questions, events, original text, survey/response, journal article, infographic) and intended audience. T-tests examined differences in researcher-generated NET response (replies + retweets + likes) between COVID-19 and comparison years. Results: Data were collected from 400 tweets. Eighty percent of tweets were from personal accounts, with over half indicating the possession of a health professional degree. Twenty-nine percent of tweets gave behavioural recommendations of which 56.8% provided a rationale. Nearly all used at least two components, text and photos most common. The general public was the most intended audience with health professionals second. While the NET response was greater during COVID-19 (M = 139.6, SD = 156.8) than prior to it (M = 116.8, SD = 105.1), the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.091). Conclusion: Twitter platform provided an opportunity to disseminate health education, specifically for the promotion of physical activity, while adhering to public health recommendations to #StaySafeStayHome. Our findings provide insights into engaging this online community to inform future physical education and promotion dissemination.

The paper focuses on the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS), which sets standards for children's care, development and education in England from birth to five years old. Analysing the EYFS, as comprised of knowledge and discourses that inform, and are informed by broader cultural understandings of childhood and development, we argue that the way in which the current EYFS (2017) frames young children's behaviour promotes largely instrumental strategies for behaviour management which perpetuate overly static understandings of childhood and children's development and promote neo-liberal ideals that might be said to be detrimental to children's rights and their overall well-being. Importantly, we argue that the EYFS imposes discourses about responsibility for managing one's own behaviour on young children which simultaneously overlook the multidimensionality of children's lives and contradict other aspects of the EYFS and English early years policy. The paper makes suggestions about how the EYFS can be reimagined "otherwise" using the lens of governmentality, exposing power relations and the production of taken-for-granted "truths" about children's realities that appear in contemporary policies.

Research on the intersection between migration management and child protection is limited and, yet, contradictions between these two domains and ambivalence in the area of child migrants' rights across the developed world have already been highlighted. Based on fieldwork with policymakers and service providers in Albania, a middle-to-high income country with a significant history of emigration, this paper aims to shed light on the interaction of these institutional and policy domains and the impact they have on professional practice. The State's impact on migrant children's rights at the domestic level is affected by the resourcefulness of its system of social and child protection. This key factor appears to affect the work of professionals on the ground and ultimately mean a variety of categories of child migrants have limited access to child protection services. Professional practice in this context highlights the need to include material dimensions--the resources needed to realise child protection on the ground--in its definition, and to consider the impact of multi-scalar influences on service providers' work. The two domains of migration management and child protection appear to converge in the case of unaccompanied minors (UAMs). In turn, stateless, returned migrant children and those from very disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds are overlooked, giving rise to unequal access to state support. Nonetheless, an overall disjuncture appears in the context of transnational child protection, due to the rigid focus on nationality as a precondition for state support.

Background: Despite promotion of physical activity guidelines, less than one third of U.S. adults are sufficiently active and an even larger number of older adults fail to meet guidelines. To address this major public health issue, it is essential to broadly consider determinants of physical activity. Aims: This study explores how physical activity behavior is affected by the experience of major life events and considers the stress experienced due to these events across the life course. Method: Nationally representative panel data from the Americans' Changing Lives survey (1986-2012) was used to analyze a growth model with age-based trajectories to examine the relationship between major life events and physical activity overall and separately by gender and race. Results: In the overall sample, retiring was associated with greater physical activity at baseline. As respondents aged, entering into retirement was associated with decreased physical activity, while a parent or friend dying was associated with greater physical activity. Differences by gender and race were also seen over time. Conclusions: Results show that when considering physical activity trajectories, experiencing these major life events is not always detrimental, and in some cases may be beneficial. Considering these impacts is important in planning effective health promotion interventions to increase and promote maintenance of physical activity, while paying attention to specific differences by gender and race.

Introduction: With rapidly growing members of the Islamic faith, health care providers should expect to care for Muslim patients regardless of their chosen specialty. The quality of care provided hinges on their knowledge and understanding of Islam. This study aimed to analyze the influence of an educational animation on undergraduate nursing students' cultural comfort and knowledge concerning the health care needs of Muslims. Methods: An educational animation was created addressing the unique health care needs of Muslim patients. Surveys (pre, post, 6 weeks) (n = 658) assessed cultural comfort and knowledge on covered topics. Results: Student knowledge (pre: 12.4 ± 0.1; post: 14.4 ± 0.2; p <.01) and cultural comfort (pre: 4.0 ± 0.03; post: 4.1 ± 0.03; p <.05) increased after viewing the online educational animation. The increase in knowledge was sustained at 6 weeks. Students recommended additional topics for the future. Discussion: This study highlights how an innovative educational animation can enhance students' understanding of providing care for Muslim patients, positively impacting patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS) is a rare aggressive malignancy that most commonly manifests in White men older than 60 years and often appears as an enlarging ecchymosis on the head, neck, or scalp. Surgery with negative margins is the first-line treatment. The role of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is uncertain but can be used in smaller, well-circumscribed lesions on the head and neck. The greatest impact that dermatologists can have in the management of CAS is through a thorough total-body skin examination and heightened awareness resulting in a shortened time to diagnosis. Until quality evidence allows for the creation of consensus guidelines, multidisciplinary care at a cancer center that specializes in rare difficult-to-treat tumors is essential in optimizing patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Only 21% of U.S. women meet the recommended physical activity guidelines, placing them at increased risk for long-term conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. Physical activity is influenced by individual and interpersonal factors (e.g., romantic partners). Individual factors, such as positive affect, are associated with lower mortality risk and improved health behaviors. Objectives: This secondary data analysis, guided by Fredrickson's Broaden and Build Theory, aims to examine the relationship between positive affect of married women (n = 115 couples) and their physical activity behavior on the same- and next- day, while also considering their spouses' positive affect. Methods: Two population average models assessed the relationship of calm and happy (positive affect) to physical activity. Physical activity was assessed as the sum of the minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over the prior 24 hours. Covariates of age, baseline activity frequency, education, marital quality, and race/ethnicity were also included. Results: Women's happiness (β = 0.15, p <.005), not calmness (β = −0.03, p =.60), was found to have a significant association with same-day MVPA. Spouses' happiness (β = 0.11, p =.045) was significantly associated with women's next-day MVPA while their calmness (β = −0.04, p =.44) was not. Conclusions: The results of this study support that incorporating positive affect could be valuable for improving physical activity behaviors. Spouse reports provide additional context to consider in physical activity promotion research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cryoablation therapy for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) to treat paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is well established. A novel 28 mm cryoballoon system designed to operate under low pressure to safely reach a lower nadir temperature and maintain constant balloon size during cooling has not been prospectively studied in a large patient population for safety and efficacy. The FROZEN AF (NCT04133168) trial was an international multicenter, open‐label, prospective, single‐arm study on the safety and performance of a novel cryoballoon system for treatment of PAF. Methods and Results: The study enrolled patients at 44 sites in 10 countries across North America, Europe, and Asia. Subjects were indicated for PVI treatment of PAF and had failed or were intolerant of one or more antiarrhythmic drugs. Procedural outcomes were defined based on the 2017 HRS consensus statement. Follow‐up was performed at 7 days, 3, 6, and 12 months. Data are reported as mean ± SD or median (IQR). PVI was performed with a 28 mm cryoballoon in 325 drug refractory PAF patients. Complete PVI was achieved in 95.7% of patients. In cryoablation lesions longer than 60 s, 60.1% of PV isolations required only a single cryoballoon application. Procedure related complications included: phrenic nerve palsy [temporary 4 (1.2%), persistent 0 (0.0%)], cardiac tamponade/perforation 2 (0.6%), and air embolism 1 (0.3%). Freedom from documented atrial arrhythmia recurrence at 12 months was 79.9% (AF 82.7%, AFL 96.5%, AT 98.1%), antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) were continued or re‐initiated in 26.8% of patients after the 3‐month blanking period. Additionally, an extension arm enrolled 50 pts for treatment with 28/31 mm variable size cryoballoon. A single temporary PNP occurred in this group, which resolved before discharge. Freedom from documented recurrence at 12 months in these pts was 82.0%. Conclusions: This novel cryoballoon may facilitate PVI to treat PAF, providing more options to address the variety of anatomies present in patients with PAF. This cryoballoon system proved to be safe and effective for treatment of patients with drug refractory or drug intolerant PAF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The promotion of walking could be a feasible population-level physical activity strategy because it requires little planning, is low cost and can be done year-round across settings. Community, nonprofit organisations offer one means by which to help increase walking through community programmes. The US Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service has a history that spans more than a century and is known for quality in the delivery of educational programmes to help improve the lives of people in communities across the USA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability of the Get WalkIN' intervention--an initiative supported by this programme--from the perspectives of both programme participants and county extension educators. Methods: Participants were recruited from 15 county extension sites in the Midwest region of the USA. Intervention emails targeted self-efficacy, social support, goal-setting and benefits/barriers to walking. To assess the perceptions of feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, participants and extension educators were asked to respond to a series of Likert-type scale and open-ended questions. Self-reported physical activity was assessed using the Godin Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: On average, participants and extension educators agreed that the programme was easy to use and would consider either recommending the programme to a friend or implementing the programme again within the community. Post-intervention, 69.1% of respondents were classified as sufficiently active compared to 60.5% pre-intervention. Conclusion: The use of the county-based US Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service is an effective option for health promotion programming. Furthermore, a theory-based, email-mediated intervention is a valuable strategy as an independent and convenient way to facilitate increase in physical activity.

Objective: The perinatal period presents several opportunities to identify and treat perinatal mental health and substance use disorders by integrating into existing care pathways. We aimed to examine the role of birth doulas in supporting their clients’ perinatal mental health. Methods: Thematic content analysis of focus groups with doulas, and interviews with doula clients was used to characterize the doula-client relationship, investigate whether and how doulas provide mental health and substance use support, and identify barriers and recommendations for doulas to support their clients’ mental health. Participants were doula clients from communities underserved due to race, income, language and culture. Results: Doulas and clients reported positive relationships, supported by congruence in culture, language, and lived experiences. Doulas varied in their confidence in identifying perinatal mental health problems, though most agreed that doulas could support their clients’ mental health to different degrees. Barriers to engaging in perinatal mental health treatments included low perceived need and socio-economic burden. Conclusions: With adequate support and training, doulas can play an important role in supporting their client’s emotional well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior research is limited in the study of correspondence between online and in-person forms of sexual harassment (SH) among adult men as well as correlates of these behaviors. The present study assesses whether social dominance orientation (SDO; i.e., the tendency to reject equality and support hierarchy-legitimizing myths and behaviors) might be associated with increases in SH perpetration both online and in-person, perhaps through increases in perceived social support for SH and masculine gender role discrepancy stress. Among a sample of U.S. adult men (N = 167), results indicated that there were indirect effects of SDO on both in-person and online SH through increases in perceived social norms but not through masculine gender role discrepancy stress. A competing model, in which SDO mediates these associations, was not supported. Results support the use of social norms approaches to target perceived social norms, if these results are replicated within temporal designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Dog owners represent 40% of the population, a promising audience to increase population levels of physical activity. The purpose of this study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of a new instrument to assess social-cognitive theory constructs related to dog walking. Method: Dog owners ("N" = 431) completed the Dogs and WalkinG Survey (DAWGS). Survey items assessed dog-walking behaviors and self-efficacy, social support, outcome expectations, and outcome expectancies for dog walking. Test-retest reliability was assessed among 252 (58%) survey respondents who completed the survey twice. Factorial validity and factorial invariance by age and walking level were tested using confirmatory factor analysis. Results: DAWGS items demonstrated moderate test - retest reliability (? = 0.39 - 0.79; k = 0.41 -- 0.89). Acceptable model fit was found for all subscales. All subscales were invariant by age and walking level, except self-efficacy, which showed mixed evidence of invariance. Conclusions: The DAWGS is a psychometrically sound instrument for examining individual and interpersonal correlates of dog walking.

This paper implements an Autoethnographic lens to explore a newly qualified Dramatherapists relationship to her chronic pain and body, the society is exits within, the process of overcoming internalised stigma and the journey taken through training. An analysis of how society has impacted the authors relationship of her body that is affected by chronic pain will take place, as well as unpacking her experiences of having chronic pain and endometriosis. Chronic pain has been a constant within the authors adult life. This pain and societies attitudes toward disability informed a belief that becoming a Dramatherapist was not an achievable ambition. The author will delineate the steps taken, challenges overcome and drastic shifts in thinking that took place before training, during and once qualified. Through this Autoethnographic exploration of the authors lived experiences, she discovered the essential pillars of turning surviving into thriving were community, connection, education and self-advocacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is well established as a primary treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). The POLAR ICE study was designed to collect prospective real world data on the safety and effectiveness of the POLARxTM cryoballoon for PVI to treat paroxysmal AF. Methods: POLAR ICE, a prospective, non‐randomized, multicenter (international) registry (NCT04250714), enrolled 399 patients across 19 European centers. Procedural characteristics, such as time to isolation, cryoablations per pulmonary vein (PV), balloon nadir temperature, and occlusion grade were recorded. PVI was confirmed with entrance block testing. Results: Data on 372 de novo PVI procedures (n = 2190 ablations) were collected. Complete PVI was achieved in 96.8% of PVs. Procedure and fluoroscopy times were 68.2 ± 24.6 and 15.6 ± 9.6 min, respectively. Left atrial dwell time was 46.6 ± 18.3 min. Grade 3 or 4 occlusion was achieved in 98.2% of PVs reported and 71.2% of PVs isolation required only a single cryoablation. Of 2190 cryoapplications, 83% had a duration of at least 120 s; nadir temperature of these ablations averaged −56.3 ± 6.5°C. There were 6 phrenic nerve palsy events, 2 of which resolved within 3 months of the procedure. Conclusion: This real‐world usage data on a novel cryoballoon suggests this device is effective, safe, and relatively fast in centers with cryoballoon experience. These data are comparable to prior POLARx reports and in keeping with reported data on other cryoballoons. Future studies should examine the long‐term outcomes and the relationship between biophysical parameters and outcomes for this novel cryoballoon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Twitter, a microblogging service, allows users to post short messages (tweets) and link posts through hashtags, creating online communities to enable dissemination of health education. The objective of this descriptive study was to examine Twitter's #PhysicalActivity health education and promotion efforts, including differences in response before (March 2019–February 2020) and during (March 2020–February 2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. Design, setting and methods: A codebook was developed to conduct a quantitative content analysis of #PhysicalActivity tweets before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Twitter's Advanced Search parameters included minimum 1 reply, 25 likes and 5 retweets. Tweets were double-coded for user characteristics, community response, tweet elements (video, photo, link, questions, events, original text, survey/response, journal article, infographic) and intended audience. T -tests examined differences in researcher-generated NET response (replies + retweets + likes) between COVID-19 and comparison years. Results: Data were collected from 400 tweets. Eighty percent of tweets were from personal accounts, with over half indicating the possession of a health professional degree. Twenty-nine percent of tweets gave behavioural recommendations of which 56.8% provided a rationale. Nearly all used at least two components, text and photos most common. The general public was the most intended audience with health professionals second. While the NET response was greater during COVID-19 (M = 139.6, SD = 156.8) than prior to it (M = 116.8, SD = 105.1), the difference was not statistically significant (p =.091). Conclusion: Twitter platform provided an opportunity to disseminate health education, specifically for the promotion of physical activity, while adhering to public health recommendations to #StaySafeStayHome. Our findings provide insights into engaging this online community to inform future physical education and promotion dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]