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The aim of this work was to analyse the systemic structure of multifunctional agriculture (MFA) and its nexus with sustainability through a bibliometric review of existing literature. By monitoring articles published on the Web of Science platform, a sample of 432 documents was identified. Two software packages, Bibliometrix and VOSviewer, were used to map scientific collaboration networks. The results made it possible to identify the authors, journals, and countries that had given rise to the current structure of knowledge. Four broad thematic clusters were identified: a) MFA and sustainability; b) ecosystem services and biodiversity; c) European public policies; d) governance and urban agriculture. It is concluded that despite an increase in publication rates research is concentrated in Europe, and, furthermore, there are few collaborative networks between different disciplines, suggesting that SDG17 is not being achieved.

Transfers, in the form of subsidies, are a government intervention aimed at boosting economic development. These are provided through various instruments that affect production and trade. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development classifies these instruments into categories from most to least distorting. In its strategy of deregulating the world market, it encourages the use of the latter in agricultural policy. Nonetheless, the effect of this recommendation on the value of agricultural production has been poorly researched. This work assessed the relationship between the amounts of support in different agricultural policy instruments used and the value of the production of subsidized agricultural products (VpS) in Mexico, Brazil, and Chile during the period 1995-2020, through a multiple linear regression model with the stepwise backward elimination procedure. The results show that the transfer items that were relevant to explain the VpS in Mexico were: storage, marketing and other physical infrastructure, support based on area and number of animals, extension services, safety and inspection of agricultural products and institutional infrastructure (p< 0.05), in Brazil they were: research, market prices and education (p< 0.05) and in Chile they were: research, storage, marketing and other physical infrastructure, and farm restructuring (p< 0.05). It should be noted that all instruments with a significant effect on the VpS are classified as less distortive, except for the market price support present in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cattle ranching, transportation, and utilization are issues associated with resource endowment, distance traveled, and types of markets. The structure of the livestock mobilization network by market at the municipal and state level in Mexico during the 2017-2021 period was investigated. The data were analyzed using measures of economic structure and Social Network Analysis. During the period under analysis, an annual average of 8.9 million heads of cattle were moved in Mexico: 57.9 % interstate and 42.1 % intrastate. The most important markets were for slaughter and fattening, the rest corresponded to beef breeding, reproduction, fairs, and shows. The average market and state specialization were low, with a higher specialization in the entertainment market. The structure of the state network of all markets showed a high degree of average market and density, but low centrality of output and input. These measures mean that, on average, states can connect in 1.2 steps to the national network and in 1.7 steps to the network per purpose. The authors conclude that the state structure of the livestock market in Mexico is composed of 32 origins, 32 destinations, six markets, and major interstate mobilization from the south to the north of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mexico has experienced adjustments in its agricultural structure induced by changes in economic policy; the most recent and relevant was carried out during the period 1980-2019. The transition from a closed to an open economy produced an unprecedented change in the productive structure that persists today. This work aimed to measure and compare the variation of real gross income and risk of the main agricultural export products, through the following financial instruments: continuous growth rates, normal distribution, critical values and investment portfolios. This analysis was carried out in two periods called closed economy (1980-1999) and open economy (2000-2019). Selected agricultural products were analyzed individually and grouped: berries, green vegetables, fruits and vegetables. The results show that the risks were lower in the period of open economy for all the products studied and in most of them, the growth rates were positive, which indicates that their real incomes registered an increasing trend. The analysis by group of products in the open economy period showed that berries and vegetables are the ones with the best growth rates with the lowest level of risk compared to the closed economy period. The odds of real incomes decreasing in the open economy decreased, so it is more advisable to invest in both groups of agricultural products in this economic environment compared to the closed economy period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water is an increasingly scarce resource and therefore has an increasing importance for society, which is why it is pertinent and necessary to determine its economic price. The objectives of this research were to determine the shadow price of agricultural water supplied by gravity irrigation and pumping in the Lagunera Region (Coahuila and Durango), in order to calculate the efficient rates, which induce an optimal economic use of the resource. A linear programming model with restrictions on availability of labor, land and water was used. Different scenarios of decreasing water availability were analyzed in order to study the behavior of its shadow price in the face of changes in the amount available. The results indicate that the water shadow price is $1.56 m-3 MN for pumping and $0.91 m-3 MN for gravity. It was concluded that the fees paid for irrigation water in the region are considerably lower than the opportunity cost or shadow price of water. It was also concluded that the current allocation of water for agricultural use generates an inefficient crop pattern, as it is used to produce alfalfa and other forages, which do not appear in the optimal crop pattern calculated with the linear programming model built for the region. It is recommended that the rates be defined taking as reference the shadow price of water, which should be adjusted according to the periodic changes in the water scarcity level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of globalization has forced avocado producers in Michoacán to improve their competitiveness, be more efficient and control their production costs to adapt to market demands. Cost accounting provides data to monitor the activities of a company, provides tools for making corrective decisions and achieve goals, to maintain or increase profits production costs, profitability and competitiveness of three representative production units (URP) avocado, two of export and for domestic market in Michoacán, in 2013. The USDA's proposed methodology was used were estimated adjusted to analyze the agricultural profitability in Mexico. To recover the direct information of the technical coefficients, yields, prices of inputs and products, the technique of producer panels was used. The results indicate that the URP smaller scale, which allocates 100% of its production to the domestic market, presented the costs of higher production and a return of $51 655.10 ha-1, compared to the URP larger scale, which spend between 80 and 90% of its production export, with yields of $243 779.10 and $217 570.80 ha-1. In addition, the costs of private resources confirmed the high proportion saved by variable costs, mainly pesticides and fertilizers. Avocado production in Michoacán was a profitable activity in 2013; however, only the URPs that export are guaranteed their economic viability and long-term permanence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Adoption of new technologies decisively influences profitability and output of livestock raising businesses. Type of practices and their level of adoption by producers included in PROGAN owning more than 30 breeding cows were studied. The present study grades beneficiaries of PROGAN in accordance with their socioeconomic (schooling, income and infrastructure) and productive traits (animal health, feeding, genetics, overgrazing and overall farm management) and number and type of adopted practices. Producer data were adjusted through cluster analysis applying the Two Step Cluster method. Three main groups were identified, producers showing high, intermediate and low production indexes. The first two groups display a great number of adopted practices. Regarding income, three groups (high, intermediate and low) were identified too. Producers in the higher income brackets were those that adopted the greater number of new technologies, although none of them adopted the mandatory ten. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Economía Agrícola y de los Recursos Naturales is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since 2008 the real price of goat's milk has been decreasing. By the impossibility of negotiate an improvement, some producers have chosen to make artisan cheese. This research allows to know the challenges and opportunities to take this decision. The objective was to analyze the causes that limit the participation and the positioning in the market of companies producers of fine cheese owned by goat producer, located in Guanjuato, México, in order to identify alternatives aimed at increasing sales. The study was conducted under the value network approach and semi-structured surveys were carried out to different actors that make it up; the information allowed to identify trade flow, price formation and identify perceived problems and their causal complex. It was found that the analized enterprises have a weak position in the markets and a limited participation in direct sales to retailers in potential markets. The low differentiation of the products and the low bargaining power with its buyers are the main causes. Based on these findings, it is proposed to manage innovations in products, processes and marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]