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This paper examines the practice of open innovation by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the food industry. We adopted a multiple case study approach and conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with four food SMEs in the Flanders region of Belgium. The results of the analysis show that food SMEs practice open innovation mostly through inbound open innovation activities rather than outbound, mainly due to lack of sufficient resources. Food SMEs typically lack sufficient financial capital, technology, and human capital. Within inbound open innovation activities, collaboration with organizations is found to be a key element for food SMEs’ internal development and innovation of new products.

AbstractThis paper analyses EU migration funding aimed at supporting responsibility sharing towards Afghanistan. The analysis combines desk research with original empirical qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews from various actors. The findings reveal a top-down design for EU migration funding programmes towards Afghanistan, with very few Afghan actors involved to a limited extent in project design. In addition, EU funding for national and regional projects pursues migration management objectives, thus prioritising EU interests over the needs of Afghan migrants and the context of Afghanistan. The results also illustrate that funding is essential but insufficient for enhancing responsibility sharing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]