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The article focuses on the long term consequences of the progressive and incomplete abolition of the seignorial system in Québec from 1854 to 1970. The establishment of this system during France's colonization of the Saint Lawrence River Valley during the 17th century is noted. The authors discuss its influence in Québec's rural areas, the 1854 Acte seigneurial, or the law for the abolition of feudal rights and duties, and property rights, and the evolution and relationship between landlords from 1854 to 1940. Rent payments by farmers and the Québec government's policy regarding the relationship between landlords and tenants are also discussed.

The Chunqiu ... (Spring and Autumn Annals) documents in many places the flight from the country of the Emperor, seigneurs, and governmental officials. While the meaning and impact of the seigneurs fleeing the country has been addressed mainly in terms of historical and social changes, the question of how Confucian scholars have interpreted these flights, and whether they viewed them as righteous choices, has yet to be studied. This paper will compare the interpretations of such flights of seigneurs by three important Song Dynasty scholars—Sun Fu ..., Liu Chang ... and Sun Jue .... The explanations of the Chunqiu by these three scholars are similar in form but distinct in kind. This paper will not only investigate the meaning of the Confucian idea of righteousness in the Chunqiu, but will also illustrate the problems of interpretation associated with the Chunqiu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]