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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) serve as a powerful framework for representation learning on graph-structured data, capturing the information of nodes by recursively aggregating and transforming the neighboring nodes' representations. Topology in graph plays an important role in learning graph representations and impacts the performance of GNNs. However, current methods fail to adequately integrate topological information into graph representation learning. To better leverage topological information and enhance representation capabilities, we propose the Graph Topology Attention Networks (GTAT). Specifically, GTAT first extracts topology features from the graph's structure and encodes them into topology representations. Then, the representations of node and topology are fed into cross attention GNN layers for interaction. This integration allows the model to dynamically adjust the influence of node features and topological information, thus improving the expressiveness of nodes. Experimental results on various graph benchmark datasets demonstrate GTAT outperforms recent state-of-the-art methods. Further analysis reveals GTAT's capability to mitigate the over-smoothing issue, and its increased robustness against noisy data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present era is facing a dilemma relating to engaging the essentialities of energy resources to attain economic prosperity due to the ensuing environmental complications. Consequently, sectors such as transport, aviation, and refining industries are under the scrutiny of reducing their reliance on fossil fuels achievable with the promotion of hydrogen energy which is largely neglected in the environmental empirics. To this end, the environmental impacts of green hydrogen in the top seven hydrogen-consuming countries are assessed from 1995 to 2019. Moreover, the roles of green finance, environmental-related technologies, energy efficiency, and digitalization are considered in the model specified within the STIRPAT framework. Second generation estimators comprising cross-section autoregressive distributed lag, Common Correlated Effect Mean Group, Augmented Mean Group, and Method of Moment Quantile Regression are employed in evaluating the stated hypotheses. Feedbacks from the analysis uncovered that green hydrogen; green finance, environmental-related technologies, energy efficiencies, digitalization, and structural change promote environmental sustainability in the top seven hydrogen-consuming countries. Contrariwise, natural resource dependence and urbanization trigger CO2 emissions, thereby exacerbating environmental complications. Based on the findings, policy measures leading toward sustainable environment are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zwitterionic π-allenyl palladium species are newly developed intermediates. A substrate-controlled step existed in the cycloaddition of zwitterionic π-allenyl palladium species with tropsulfimides or tropones. With the assistance of previously experimental studies, zwitterionic allenyl/propargyl palladium species was provenly found by HRMS. Further DFT calculation studies show that zwitterionic π-allenyl palladium species are generated through the oxidative addition of Pd(0), which can be promoted by Lewis acid like Yb(OTf)3, and the cycloaddition more likely undergoes through an outer sphere nucleophilic attack. The isomerization is caused by the difference of dissociation energy between the cycloaddition intermediation of tropsulfimides and tropones, forming the substrate-controlled specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we introduce a novel intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reaction that efficiently yields azetidine, oxetane, and indoline derivatives through a mechanism resembling the carbon analogue of the Norrish‐Yang reaction. This process is facilitated by excited triplet‐state carbon‐centered biradicals, enabling the 1,5‐HAT reaction by suppressing the critical 1,4‐biradical intermediates from undergoing the Norrish Type II cleavage reaction, and pioneering unprecedented 1,6‐HAT reactions initiated by excited triplet‐state alkenes. We demonstrate the synthetic utility and compatibility of this method across various functional groups, validated through scope evaluation, large‐scale synthesis, and derivatization. Our findings are supported by control experiments, deuterium labeling, kinetic studies, cyclic voltammetry, Stern–Volmer experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The enhancement of the electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (EMI SE) for conductive polymer composites (CPCs) has garnered increasing attention. The shielding performance is influenced by conductivity, which is dependent on the establishment of effective conductive pathways. In this review, Schelkunoff's theory on outlining the mechanism of electromagnetic interference shielding was briefly described. Based on the mechanism, factors that influenced the electrical percolation threshold of CPCs were presented and three main kinds of efficient methods were discussed for establishing conductive pathways. Furthermore, examples were explored that highlighted the critical importance of such conductive pathways in attaining optimal shielding performance. Finally, we outlined the prospects for the future direction for advancing CPCs towards a balance of enhanced EMI SE and cost–performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Author(s): Xiang Shi [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Yong Zuo [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Peng Zhai [sup.4] , Jiahao Shen [sup.5] , Yangyiwei Yang [sup.6] , Zhen Gao [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] [...], Displays are basic building blocks of modern electronics.sup.1,2. Integrating displays into textiles offers exciting opportunities for smart electronic textiles--the ultimate goal of wearable technology, poised to change the way in which we interact with electronic devices.sup.3-6. Display textiles serve to bridge human-machine interactions.sup.7-9, offering, for instance, a real-time communication tool for individuals with voice or speech difficulties. Electronic textiles capable of communicating.sup.10, sensing.sup.11,12 and supplying electricity.sup.13,14 have been reported previously. However, textiles with functional, large-area displays have not yet been achieved, because it is challenging to obtain small illuminating units that are both durable and easy to assemble over a wide area. Here we report a 6-metre-long, 25-centimetre-wide display textile containing 5 × 10.sup.5 electroluminescent units spaced approximately 800 micrometres apart. Weaving conductive weft and luminescent warp fibres forms micrometre-scale electroluminescent units at the weft-warp contact points. The brightness between electroluminescent units deviates by less than 8 per cent and remains stable even when the textile is bent, stretched or pressed. Our display textile is flexible and breathable and withstands repeated machine-washing, making it suitable for practical applications. We show that an integrated textile system consisting of display, keyboard and power supply can serve as a communication tool, demonstrating the system's potential within the 'internet of things' in various areas, including healthcare. Our approach unifies the fabrication and function of electronic devices with textiles, and we expect that woven-fibre materials will shape the next generation of electronics. A large electronic display textile that is flexible, breathable and withstands repeated machine-washing is integrated with a keyboard and power supply to create a wearable, durable communication tool.

Isoëtes changxingensis, a new species from Zhejiang Province, China, is illustrated and described here. The new species morphologically resembles I. baodongii, but it differs from the latter by 44 chromosomes, megaspore 317 - 411 μm(mean=360 μm) [vs. 22, 390 - 510 μm(mean=450 μm)]. It is also similar to I. longpingii in terms of megaspore size, with the difference that I. changxingensis rhizome corms 3-lobed, leaves 2 - 3 mm wide at middle, megaspore echinate-cristate(vs. 2-lobed, 1 mm, tuberculate-cristate). This species is distinguished from I. sinensis by its smaller megaspore, different surface ornamentation, and leaf blade 20 - 60 cm [vs. 340 - 450 μm(mean=409 μm), cristate, 15 - 30 cm]. According to Guidlines for Using the IUCN Red List Criteria, the conservation status of I. changxingensis should be regarded as endangered(EN). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global economy is experiencing the most challenging era of climate change beyond what is evident in the pre-industrial age. Although Africa's share of global greenhouse gas (GHG) is minimal, the ensuing effects hit hard on the continent. Hence, the present study provides the first comprehensive empirical assessment of environmental sustainability in Africa within the novel STIRPAT framework. This study critically examines the impacts of natural resource dependence, renewable energy, urbanization, technological innovations, and structural transition on environmental pollution proxied by carbon emissions, ecological footprint, and PM2.5 air pollution from 1990 to 2019 in five top carbon-emitting African countries. The empirical evidence is based on advanced panel estimators comprising CS-ARDL, CCEMG, and AMG robust to cross-sectional dependence (CSD). The quantile regression efficient for exploring the conditional distribution effects is equally employed alongside Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel granger causality test. The preliminary tests reveal the presence of CSD and heterogeneity of the series, which led to the conduct of second-generation unit root and cointegration tests. The main empirical results show that renewable energy, technological innovations, and structural transition reduce environmental pollutants from surging based on the observable negative signs. By implication, these indicators support Africa's path to environmental sustainability. On the flip side, resource dependence and urbanization amplify the surge. The feedbacks from quantile regression provide sturdy support for the main estimators. The granger causality feedbacks support the existence of bidirectional and unidirectional causality among the variables. Based on the findings, policies that promote sustainable environment are formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the intervening role of technological innovation and regulatory quality in the financial sector–sustainable economic growth nexus in accordance with SDG‐8 in 38 sub‐Saharan African (SSA) countries from 1996 to 2020. The empirical model endogenizes government expenditure, structural change, foreign direct investment, and human capital as covariates. The study verifies and examines the hypothesis by adopting common correlated mean group, system generalized method of moments, and panel quantile regression. Findings reveal that financial development drives sustainable economic growth in SSA for the long‐run model with improved magnitudinal effects observed with the intervention of technological innovation and regulatory quality. Furthermore, both technological innovation and regulatory quality promote sustainable economic growth in SSA. Moreover, structural change, foreign direct investment and government are boosters for sustainable economic growth whereas military expenditure hinders the growth. Recommendations are made based on the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]